• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2022.11a
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• pp.236-238
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• 2022

선박의 접/이안 및 협수로 운항은 사고 위험성이 가장 높은 과정 중에 하나로, 많은 이해관계자들의 협업으로 진행된다. 하지만 날로 복잡해져가는 연안 지역에서, 접/이안 및 협수로 운항에서 가장 필요한 정보인 이웃 지형과의 거리 및 주변 선박과의 거리 정보 등을 대부분 목측에 의존하고 있어 이해관계자들 간의 정보 차이 또는 부주의로 인해 사고 위험성이 높아지고 있다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해, 객체 인식 및 센서 융합 기반의 3차원 어라운드 뷰 도선지원 시스템을 개발하고자 하고 총 5년의 개발 계획에서 2차년도까지의 개발 내용을 소개하고자 한다..

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.327-332
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• 2008

This paper analyzed the visual range and arrangement of light buoy on navigation officers as the primary material to establish the standard of optimal arrangement of light buoy on the channel of the domestic trade-port. About $30{\sim}150$ questionnaires by port were distributed according to the scale of trade-ports and then Effective total 356 copies were used in analysis. The distance, $2{\sim}4$mile, occupied the highest percentage 55.0% as the visual range with naked eyes at the daytime in bright weather. At the arrangement way of light buoy the both sides buoy method showed high in the preference 62.1% among the respondents. The preferred interval between sequence buoys was averagely 1.09mile. Also, the preferred number of light buoy was two in the preference 40.6% among them to cognize without binoculars.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2012.10a
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• pp.55-57
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• 2012

Suez운하를 이용할 경우 부산항에서 로테르담항까지의 수송거리가 11,340마일이 북극해 항로를 이용할 경우 6,860마일로 36%가 줄고 수송기간도 10일 이상 단축되므로 북극해항로를 통한 유럽과 아시아간의 상업적인 수송이 이뤄진다면 해운회사들의 물류비용이 대폭 절감될 것으로 전망된다. 이런 시점에서 2011년 9월 한-러 국장급 해운회담이 열렸으며, 2011년 11월 23일 부산 누리마루 APEC House에서 "북극해항로 상업운항의 현황과 전망"이라는 주제로 국제세미나가 개최 되었다. 현재 북극해 항로를 통과한 선박이 2007년 2척, 2008년 3척, 2009년 4척, 2010년 10척이었던 것이 2011년에는 34척 총 82만톤의 통과 수송이 이뤄졌고, 러시아 북극내의 물동량은 2백20만톤에 달할 것으로 전망되었으며, 2012년의 통과 물동량은 100만톤을 상회 할 것으로 전망된다. 이에 북극해 항로에 대한 소개와 빙하지역을 항해하는 선박에 대한 운항지침에 대하여 검토해보고저 한다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.98-107
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is for Human error prevention to acquire Collision Risk Perception Index (CRPI) sensed by the Officer Of the Watch (OOW) when the approaching distances are reduced in six types of ship encountering situations (Head on, $045^{\circ}$, $090^{\circ}$, $135^{\circ}$, Overtaking, Overtaken) between own ship and a target ship and then to predict CRPI fitting coefficients with polynomials in the curve-fitting process. CRPI acquisition experiments are carried out on two coast-guard ships and with the total of 30 crew members. Analysing results shows that CRPI data have goodness of fit to the six types of encountering situation. Futhermore, the One-Way ANOVA results show that CRPI has a negative affect to the OOW's age, career and license grade as the approaching distances is reduced. The availability of CRPI curve fitting with 3 degrees of polynomial was testified through the RMSE as 1.19 to Head on, 0.87 to $045^{\circ}$, 0.81 to $090^{\circ}$, 0.71 to $135^{\circ}$, 1.29 to Overtaking and 0.87 to Overtaken.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.27-33
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• 2010

We investigate some operation characteristics and energy efficiency of the BLDC motor system driven by different two types power conversion method depends on same battery source for applying to electrical motor propulsion system of a small ship. Also, we suggest an estimation manner of operating performances such as total running distance and operating speed of ships from basic discharge voltage characteristics of batteries. Through some experiments, direct power conversion was better than indirect method on the view point of energy efficiency and the voltage discharge characteristics could be used as important design factor for estimating operating performances of small ships driven by electrical motors.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.413-419
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• 2019

Traffic routes typically have heavy traffic. Especially, the entrance of the route has a high risk of accidents occurring because of ships entering and exiting the port. However, almost of studies have focused on the distribution of traffic on the route. Thus, studies on the distribution between ships for passing through the route are insufficient. The purpose of this study was to analysis the traffic in the Busan north port No.1 route for one week. Based on present traffic conditions, one gate line was settled on the route with an analysis of traffic conditions. Based on the analysis data, each optimal time probability distribution between ships was divided into inbound/outbound and traffic volume. An analysis of the optimal probability distribution, was applied to 31 probability distributions divided into bounded, unbounded, non-negative, and advanced probability distribution. The KS test was applied for identifying three major optimal time probability distributions. According to the KS test results, the Wakeby distribution is the best optimal time probability distribution on the designated route. Although the optimal time probability distribution for other transportation studies such as on vehicles on highways is a non-negative probability distribution, this distribution is an advanced probability distribution. Thus, the application of major probability distribution for using other transportation studies is not applicable to this study Additionally, the distance between ships in actual traffic surveys and the distance estimated by the optimal probability distribution were compared. As a result of the comparison, those distances were fairly similar. However, this study was conducted in only one major port. Thus, it is necessary to investigate the time between ships and calculate a traffic volume on varying routes in future studies.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2023.11a
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• pp.135-136
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• 2023

This study is an empirical result for building an onboard communication network using metal surface wave communication and is a consideration of its application within the ship. Over the past three years, the applicability and the performance of metal surface wave communication has been confirmed by testing on five small and medium ships. In the tests, IEEE 802.11 protocol of Wi-Fi was used, and the signals were generated in the form of surface waves. Data was sent from AP to AP in the point-to-point form, and the transmission speed was measured at the same time. If necessary, additional repeaters were used to extend the transmission distance. As derived a transmission speed of 5 to 100 Mbps in wireless communication restricted areas of the 5 ships, it is believed that it is possible to reduce the weight of ships and costs by eliminating the communication cables by using surface wave communication as the back-bone network on ships.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.485-494
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• 2016

The primary purpose of this study is to analyze the impact and determinants of bilateral Free Trade Agreements on international total bulk shipment trade volume at the port of Korea using the Panel Gravity Model. The model estimates the aggregated panel data of exports and imports (excluding transshipment) as a dependent variable during the period from 1996 to 2015. GDP, GDP per capita, distances between bilateral countries, and FTA dummies are included as independent variables. And the economic integration of FTAs including ASEAN+3 and NAFTA3 countries were used as dummy variables. Study results show that GDP and GDP per capita have positive impacts on bulk shipment trade volume at the port of Korea. In addition, Korea's bilateral FTAs with Singapore, India and the United States have positive effects on total bulk trade volume in Korea. This is the so called trade creation effect. On the other hand, ASEAN+3 and NAFTA have negative effects on the total bulk trade. This is the so called trade diversion effect. Also, the distance between Korea and its trade partners has a negative impact. These findings provide insights for: further academic research, site operators who work in related trade and maritime sectors, and policy makers engaged in port and maritime operations. The results can be used to develop strategies for maximizing bulk port throughput.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.251-258
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• 2022

Donghae Port is adjacently located to a residential area wherein 26,933 generations are creating a living environment. The areas comprise Song-jeong village (5,754 generations) and Bukp-yeong village (21,179 generations). Major cargoes handled in Donghae Port are dusty limestone, cement, anthracite, and bituminous coal, etc. In the process of handling such cargoes, air pollutants including oxide dust and fine dust which adversely impact the living conditions and health of residents are generated, causing air pollution in the vicinity of the port. Currently, Donghae Port is making an effort to improve the operation environment of the infrastructure and equipment in stages, for the purpose of reducing air pollutant emissions caused by the port industries in a long-term perspective. In this study, the sphere of influence of fine dust exposure and the degree of air pollution in the surrounding area were analyzed such as the state of fine dust concentration and diffusion in the vicinity of Donghae Port, fine dust diffusion pattern and spatial distribution of high-concentration considering wind direction and speed characteristics during the day and seasonal cycles. A more effective plan to reduce the concentration of fine dust in nearby areas by combining reduction plan, is being developed in terms of improvement regarding port infrastructure and equipment, and reduction measures considering the characteristics of the atmosphere environment according to the daytime, nighttime and season.