• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.63 no.5
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• pp.376-386
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to explore the learning progression of logical thinking in acid and base chemical reactions and to evaluate its validity. For this purpose, we collected 387 participants in 9 schools of elementary, middle and high schools nationwide. The questionnaire developed in this study was composed of nine items. The questionnaire presented the acid and base reactants and products, and the students pictured their thoughts on how these substances change, and answered the reasons of their thoughts. Situation contexts of the questionnaire were divided into two groups: one kind of solute dissolved in a solvent, and two kinds of solute dissolved in a solvent. In this study, six levels of learning progression were assumed by combining material conservation logic, combination logic, proportion logic, and particle number conservation logic. By analyzing the data, Infit and Outfit values of Person reliability, Item reliability, MNSQ and ZSTD were obtained from the Rasch model. As a result of the analysis of data, it was found that lower levels of learning progression prevailed up to the younger grade students till $8^{th}$ grade. The higher levels of learning progression(Level 2~Level 5) prevailed up to the older grade students. However, higher levels of learning progression dropped sharply in Grade 12. The 5 level of learning progression was very low in all grades, and $9^{th}$ grade had highest percentage of students belonging to the 5 level. Interpretation of these unusual results suggests a future research related to explanation differences of textbooks.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.83-93
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• 2006

This study was done for finding out if eating habits, eating behaviors were different between non-obese and obese elementary school students in Jeonju Area. Total 2568 students of 1364 male and 1204 female of the 4th, 5th, and 6th year in 5 elementary schools were surveyed and the statistics of the result was analyzed by SPSS program. The results are summarized as follows: 1. Obesity was defined as Body Mass Index(BMI) that exceeded 85th and Obesity Index(OI) that exceeded 110. First, subjects were divided into 4 groups : lean, normal, overweight and obese. Second subjects were reclassified into non-obese(lean and normal) and obese(overweight and obese) groups. Average height of male and female students were 142.5cm, 143.1cm and weight of those were 36.4kg and 37.9kg respectively. 2. As results of obesity computation, obese male students were 19.6%(overweight 11.3%, obese 8.3%) in BMI and obese male students were 25.0%(overweight 12.5.%, obese 12.5%) in OI. Especially Obesity percent rate of male student were significantly higher on that of female student in OI method. 3. Examining obesity between male and female, there were statistically different between male students and female students in OI, but there were not statistically different in BMI. With regard to grade level(4th, 5th, 6th), there were statistically different among grade levels. 4. Examining correlation between eating habits(eating behaviors) and obesity, there were statistically significant in some cases. For example, there were statistically significant correlation between fast eating habit and obesity. And the relation analysis of general environments and obesity showed that there were statistically significant in some cases. These results suggest that the number of overweight students can be increased due to the amount and kinds of food children have as well as the general causes of overweight such as genetic, environmental and psychological reason. Surveying about children's eating habits, eating behaviors this study methodically. Working with parents is necessary and comparison of eating habits, eating behaviors and nutrition knowledge between the past and their presents are also needed in a future.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.167-185
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to analyse the cases related with PBL and to suggest the activation plan of LAI based on the derived results. The analysis objects were the PBL cases which have been performed from 2000 to 2018 in Korean schools. The PBL cases were analysed in the aspects of school levels, target grades, subject clusters, teaching patterns, information sources, cooperative teaching status, library cooperative teaching status, and educational effects. The results were like these; 1)The PBL was applied at the elementary schools the most, the next middle schools, and high schools. 2)The teaching pattern was the exclusive teaching the most, and the next pattern was team teaching with other teacher, and the lowest pattern was with librarian teacher. 3)The subject cluster was natural science cluster the most and the next was the human & social science cluster and the art, music and physical education cluster. 4)The PBL performed with school library was low. 5)The main effects of PBL were the improvements of academic achievement, learning satisfaction degree, creative ability, problem-solving ability, and self-directed learning capability. As the results, it's proposed that it's important for librarian teachers to have the aggressive attitude for the activation of LAI as well as the cooperation with PBL subject teachers from the planning step to the evaluation.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.89-97
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to understand educational changes and effects of cognitive behavioral art therapy using the smart device. The participant of the study was a 4th grade of male elementary school student who had aggressiveness and impulsiveness with emotional instability. The study was conducted one to two times a week for six months with a total of 30 educational sessions. Among 80 minutes per session, 60 minutes of art therapy and 20 minutes of cognitive behavioral therapy were applied, and during the sessions, cognitive action art therapy (drawing and shaping activities), cognitive restructuring, behavioral modification, systemic dullness, social skills training, empathy and landscaping training were applied. For the numeral assessment, Traffic Anxiety Inventory for Children (TAIC), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and emotional instability measures were used. Research showed that cognitive behavioral art therapy using smart devices had the effect of positive emotional change in children with emotional anxiety, and based on this, future development directions including systematic instructional design, scientific analysis and feedback technologies were discussed.

• 한국체육학회지인문사회과학편
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• v.56 no.5
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• pp.665-677
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• 2017

This study aimed to examine the evolution of exercise performance and medical assessments in U-12 youth football players. Participants were recruited from an youth football players (YFG, n=15; $11.2{\pm}0.9yrs$) and normal youth (CON, n=15; $11.5{\pm}0.6yrs$). Both groups were tested for exercise performance (health related physical fitness, skill related physical fitness, functional movement screen; FMS and Y-balance) and medical assessments (lower extremity alignment, range of motion; ROM and manual muscle test; MMT). YFG showed a positive effects on pacer in health related physical fitness, 50-m run and Single-leg standing with eyes closed in skill related physical fitness, active straight leg raise and rotary stability in FMS, non-dominant composite score in Y-balance, respectively compared to CON. However, YFG showed a negative effects on Q-angle of dominant and non-dominant in lower extremity alignment, dorsiflexion of non-dominant, plantarflexion of dominant and non-dominan in ROM, hip extension and abduction, knee flexion and extension of dominant, knee flexion and extension of non-dominant in MMT, respectively compared to CON. These results indicated that U-12 youth football players have shown excellent exercise performance, but medical assessments has proved negative effects.

• Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.281-290
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• 2019

The aim of this study is to explore the status and tasks of selecting, expanding, and supporting the gifted teachers to efficiently manage the gifted education. This study addresses that the ratio of applications for new teachers is lower and the current teachers are aging in primary school. In addition, it points out that the ratio of new teacher applications and teacher acquisitions compared to the number of teachers hired for middle school were lower. The gifted teachers are basic in their classes and work at regular schools, and they suffer from considerable exhaustion and a lack of time because of other gifted work. As a result of these discussions, it has shown the need for substantial improvement and supplementation such as school hours reduction or reinforcement adjustment, complete support for research society, invitation professional teachers other than current ones, and friday after school classes for the gifted teachers should be encouraged to work passionately. For professional development, if the positive perception and results of gifted education from the interactions between general education and gifted education be formed, and the education programs for gifted teachers be expanded, they will also contribute to the overall improvement in the quality of our education.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.742-753
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• 2022

Recently, the globalization of culture and the global trend of K-culture have become a good background for further developing and promoting Korean traditional culture. However, although Korean traditional music has an excellent notation method called Jeongganbo developed by King Sejong, it is gradually not being used as the universality of Western notation. However, since the 7th curriculum, the proportion of introduction and utilization of Jeongganbo in elementary music education has been increasing. And this is a good opportunity to re-generalize our unique traditional notation. On the other hand, in addition to practicing the interpretation of the notation method, more diverse tools will be needed to activate the practice of Jeongganbo. Therefore, this study studied the design of a web program that can make Jeongganbo on the web without installation or download. In addition, in order to increase the user's convenience in the process of publishing Jeongganbo, it designs and proposes a method of inputting using a computer keyboard like a piano keyboard and method of listening to input music information through MIDI function and save it as a file. Through this study, it is possible to develop a web program that anyone can easily and simply approach, practice, and publish, and it is expected to be a useful tool for practicing Korean traditional music or publishing traditional music in the future.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.487-497
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• 2022

The purpose of the present study was to determine the mediating effect of social support on the relationship between the work-family conflict and depression of dual-income parents. The subjects were 214 dual-income parents aged 20 years and the data collected online in April 2021 were analyzed using the SPSS/WIN 24.0 statistical program. This study conducted three stages of hierarchical regression analysis to confirm the mediating effect, which showed that work-family conflict had statistically significant effect on social support (β=-.188, p<.01), which was the mediating variable, and depression (β=.539, p<.001), which was the dependent variable. In the third stage, the study confirmed that social support had a partially mediating effect on the relationship between work-family conflict and depression, which was statistically significant in the Sobel test result as well (z=2.468, p=.013). In conclusion, the study confirms the need to establish strategies and arrange social support to solve the emotional problems of dual-income parents.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.41-48
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• 2022

Objectives : This study aimed to investigate the adequacy and satisfaction of the school doctor program of Korean medicine (especially sex education) for elementary school students, to examine differences in parents' perception or satisfaction according to the use of Korean Medicine. Methods : The participants were parents of one elementary school that provided sex education as the Seoul school doctor program of Korean medicine. A self-reported online survey was conducted. The questionnaire consisted of parents and children's experience in using Korean medicine, perception of the school doctor program of Korean Medicine, evaluation and satisfaction of school sex education. Results : The survey was conducted on May 14^th, 2022 during the school doctor program of Korean Medicine briefing session. A total of 92 parents participated in the survey, and the 88 respondents analyzed who voluntarily gave consent. Of the experience of Korean Medicine, 71 parents (80.68%) had lifetime, 16 (18.18%) respondents had within the last three months, and 40 (45.45%) said their children had. Parents' experience of using Korean medicine was related to that of their children's, but there was no difference in the satisfaction the school doctor program of Korean Medicine. Conclusions : The survey showed that parents of an elementary school where Korean Medicine doctors carried out school doctor program evaluated that the school doctor program of Korean Medicine had a positive effect on students' health. There was no difference between parents' satisfaction on school doctor program by the use of Korean medicine.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.59-68
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• 2009

This paper aims to explore the factors of learner's flow and to develop and validate a scale to measure the flow in Massive Multiplayer Online Role Playing Game(MMORPG) for education. First of all, potential factors were drawn through literature review. The potential stage comprises 6 factors(learner's psychological characteristics, learner's skill, importance of game, environment for learner, instructional design, and instructional environment) and 16 subfactors. With total 48 items developed. a survey was carried out among 293 elementary learners who had been participating in a commercial MMORPG for English skills to measure their flow in the MMORPG by utilizing the potential scale. Using the responses collected from 288 respondents, exploratory factor analysis, reliability analysis, and confirmatory factor analysis were performed. The expository factor analysis showed that items within each sub-factors could be bound into one factor. That is, the variables evaluating learner's flow were divided into six factors(learner's psychological characteristics, learner's skill, importance of game, environment for learner, instructional design, and instructional environment). And these factors were interpreted consisting of 16 sub-ones. Reliability estimates indicated that the evaluation tool had good internal consistency. The confirmatory factor analysis did confirm the model suggested by the expository factor analysis. Over fit measures(CFI, NFI, NNFI) showed the good suitability of the model. Findings of this study confirmed the validity and reliability of the scale to measure learner's flow in MMORPG.