• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.272-287
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• 1999

Elementary schools students'degree of satisfaction on school food service and food preference were surveyed from 352 sixth-grade students in Kwangju and Chonnam area from June 22 to July 3 to enhance the quality of foodservice. The degree of satisfaction was high with cooked rice and soup in terms of temperature and serving state. There were significant differences in the degree of satisfaction depending upon the types of foodservice (p<0.001). There was significant differences in degree of satisfaction for side dishes depending upon the temperature (p<0.05), kinds (p<0.01) and amount (p<0.001). The degree of satisfaction with Kimchi was generally high in the serving state (p<0.05) and the amounts (p<0.01). The degree of satisfaction with desserts were high in the amount (p<0.001). The amount of leftover was high with soup, side dishes, kimchi, cooked rice, and desserts in order. The improvements made on children's behavior after the implementation of the school foodsevice were the adaptation to balanced diet and spending less money on sweets. The factors of influencing the school foodservice and the children's food intake were the education in school (teachers and dietitians) and the health status of their bodies (p<0.001). Children's favorite foods were sweet and sour pork, pork cutlets, oranges, watermelons, and strawberries in order. The least preferred foods were garlic seasoned with soy sauce, raw vegetables of broad bell-flowers, crown daisy greens, and steamed peppers. Children's favorite food types were fried food, desserts, one course meal, and bread. The least preferred types were pickled food, green and seasoned vegetables, cooked rice, and hard-boiled food in order. Generally, the children in the rural area favored most foods compared with those from urban area.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.81-91
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• 2014

STEAM education has been introduced to resolve the existing problems of science education since 2011. However, as ICT develops rapidly, the future of the schools with various educational technologies is demanding for a new type of STEAM education. Therefore, the current research suggests CT-STEAM (Computational Thinking & STEAM) education, the new approach to provide integrated thinking based education with all sorts of computing devices. Firstly, the instruction model was developed as a fundamental step to introduce CT-STEAM in the real education scene. Then, lesson plan was developed as a implementation strategy, and it was tested for validity by computer education experts. It is hoped that the results of this study can enhance the understanding of CT and STEAM Education, also to provide baseline information to develop various teaching methods for integrated CT education.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.24 no.12
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• pp.9-16
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• 2019

The goal of this study is to propose an efficient model for recognizing and classifying tree images to measure the accuracy that can be applied to smart devices during class. From the 2009 revised textbook to the 2015 revised textbook, the learning objective to the fourth-grade science textbook of elementary schools was added to the plant recognition utilizing smart devices. In this study, we compared the recognition rates of trees before and after retraining using a pre-trained inception V3 model, which is the support of the Google Inception V3. In terms of tree recognition, it can distinguish several features, including shapes, bark, leaves, flowers, and fruits that may lead to the recognition rate. Furthermore, if all the leaves of trees may fall during winter, it may challenge to identify the type of tree, as only the bark of the tree will remain some leaves. Therefore, the effective tree classification model is presented through the combination of the images by tree type and the method of combining the model for the accuracy of each tree type. I hope that this model will apply to smart devices used in educational settings.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.780-789
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• 2016

This study was conducted to clarify a correlation among science-related attitude, overexcitability and parents' rearing attitude perceived by elementary school students. For this purpose, questionnaire surveys were carried out for 276 elementary school students consisted of 5th and 6th grades. The results were as follows. First, science-related attitude, overexcitability, and parents' rearing attitude perceived by elementary school students were meaningfully different on gender. boys'average was higher in science-related attitude than girls'. In the case of overexcitability, boys'average was higher in psychomotor and intellectual overexcitability than girls', while girls'average was higher in emotional and sensual overexcitability than boys'. According to the analysis for parents' rearing attitude perceived by elementary school students, girl students perceived that their parents more firmly controlled them as compared with boy students. Second, according to the results conducting t-test for types of parents' rearing attitude perceived by students, boy students' average was meaningfully higher in the types of love-autonomy than girl students'. There was no difference between the groups of love-autonomy type and hostility-autonomy type. Third, there showed a meaningful correlation between students' science-related attitude and parents' rearing attitude in order of love, hostility, autonomy, and control type. There showed a meaningful correlation between students' science-related attitude and intellectual, sensual, imaginational, psychomotor, and emotional overexcitability in order. Last, according to multiple regression analysis, factors effecting on science-related attitudes were intellectual overexcitability, love among the types of parents' rearing attitude perceived by students im order.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.235-247
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to analyze elementary school students' pre-concept of electromagnet and to investigate effects of instruction through social interactions on conceptual changes of the electromagnet. For the purpose, 108 elementary school students of 3 classes were selected from the 6th grade. They were divided into the control group I, control group II and experimental group. The control group I was treated through traditional instruction on the basis of text book. The control group II was instructed with a modified version of the textbook to help them better understand the concept of electromagnet. The experimental group was treated through instruction on the basis of the above modified version of the text book and social interactions. Conceptual changes on electromagnet before and after the treatment were quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed using the identical test. The students' styles of social interaction were qualitatively analyzed with tape records of their discussions and work sheets. Effects of instruction through social interactions based on radical constructivism on the 6th-grade elementary school students' concept of electromagnet were examined here. The results were described as follows. Firstly, after the treatment, the experimental group was statistically significantly higher in mean values of conceptual understanding and academic achievement than both the control group I and II. Secondly, styles of social interaction in the three sub-groups of the experimental group were qualitatively analyzed, among the threes, high- and medium-level sub-groups were higher in the frequency of linguistic social interaction than the low-level sub-group. Those students who were excellent in communication skills actively participated in linguistic social interactions. In discussions among the three sub-groups, students of the high- and medium-level sub-groups provided explanations or information while those of the other sub-group sometimes were passive by just listening, but in large actively participated in communication. In conclusion, instruction through social interactions was effectively changed in the 6th-grade elementary school students' concept of electromagnet.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.20 no.2 s.33
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• pp.161-170
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• 2007

Objentive : This study was aimed to take a sensus of elementary school children who have atopic dermatitis(AD) especially the residents of Je-Cheon. Methods : We conducted a questionnaire survey of the elementary school children in Je-Cheon who have atopic dermatitis. 86 patients with AD were involved in the survey. The questionnaire was made up of their family history, past history, type of residence, favorite food, kinds of treatment, methods and satisfaction of oriental medicine treatment, use of complementary therapy, and hardship of life on atopic dermatitis, etc. Results : Parents' past history has a effect on children's AD. Especilly mother's has the greatest effect. About past history of patients, allergic rhinitis is most commonly found. Apartment is the most usual form of residence. Patients with AD enjoy meat diet, ice cream. They prefer western medicine treatment to oriental medicine treatment or popular remedy. They usually got oriental medicine treatment at clinic. Herbal remedy is used most frequently. About 77% of children are satisfied with oriental medicine treatment, and about 72% of children use complementary theraphy. Their favorite complementary theraphy is to apply humectant. Because of atopic dermatitis, about 74% of children have difficulty in daily life. And about 10% of children feel mental pressure. Conclusion : We analyzed not only patients' genetic, environmental factors but also use of complementary theraphy, method and satisfaction of oriental medicine treatment, etc. Through the survey, we could understand the actual conditions of elementary school children who have AD in Je-Cheon.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.3-10
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to analyze STEAM learning/teaching program that relates robots and to develop and redesign STEAM teaching/learning program with a robot for elementary and secondary schools. 'Learning with a robot' is considered as one of the best candidates for STEAM education. This article mainly concerns a robot that can be helpful to improve students' interests in learning science and mathematics in schools. As the results of the STEAM learning/teaching program analyzing, the program for elementary schools contained more contents of liberal arts and fine arts, and the program for secondary schools contained more contents of science, technology, and math. In the middle school program, context for learning, class activities of creative design and emotional touch, evaluation, and job and career information were evenly implemented. In the elementary and high school program, there were few information about robotics career. We extracted all robot utilizable subjects and units from school curriculums, and redesigned contents which can be applicable to regular classes for schools. As the result of this study, we conclude that 'learning with a robot' can encourage students' interests in STEM area.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.84-95
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• 2016

This study investigated the food behavior and nutritional status of children using the Nutrition Quotient (NQ). The subjects for this study were 974 students and their parents who lived in Seocho-gu, Gwanak-gu, and Dongjak-gu, Seoul. The average NQ score of the subjects was 68.3, which was a medium grade. The mean scores for balance and moderation were above the thresholds, whereas the mean scores for diversity, regularity, and practice did not reach the thresholds. According to the results of evaluation by NQ, the subjects may have insufficient intake of calcium, iron, potassium, zinc, vitamin A, and vitamin C. NQ and NQ factors were different according to the general characteristics and home background characteristics of the subjects. The mean scores for the moderation factor was significantly lower as the eating out frequency increased (p<0.001). The mean scores for balance, moderation, and regularity factors were significantly higher, with higher parents educational level. It is necessary to choose diverse side dishes, vegetables and also foods with balanced nutrition when eating out.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.162-174
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the current status of dietary habits and dietary life competency of elementary school parents, who are influential to the dietary life of their children and family. A survey was conducted with 362 elementary school parents living in Seoul and Gyeonggi province by using a self-administered questionnaire consisting of 53 questions on dietary habits, dietary life competency, home cooking frequency, and dietary education needs. The results were as follows: The scores of dietary habits and dietary life competency were 76.35 and 74.51 out of 100, respectively, suggesting a need for improvement. Parents with higher monthly income, demonstrated higher scores of both dietary habits and dietary life competency (p<0.001). As expected, female parents showed higher scores of dietary life competency than male parents (p<0.01). there was also a close relationship between the scores of dietary habits and dietary life competency (r=0.58). The parents with high scores for dietary habits and dietary life competency showed a significantly higher frequency of home cooking (p<0.001) compared to medium- or low-scored parents. Most parents answered that dietary education need to be started earlier, and that their main source of dietary life information was mass media. They also showed a preference for real experience and practice for dietary education. The above results showed that there is a close relationship between dietary habits and dietary life competency, and suggest that continuous education is necessary to improve the dietary habits and dietary life competency of elementary school parents. Because monthly income appeared to be the most influential socioeconomic factor for the parents' dietary habits and dietary life competency, continuous efforts on dietary education are necessary to reduce the score gaps in these categories.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.23 no.3 s.99
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• pp.321-326
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• 2007

The microbial contamination levels of school classrooms were assessed as foodservice environments for elementary students. Two elementary schools located in Kyunggi-do were selected, and the total plate counts (TPC) and coliforms were measured from the classroom facilities, including the tables, chairs, floors, shelves, doors, as well as the hands of students, and the air of classrooms. The TPC of the classroom facilities were relatively low ranging from 2.30 to 3.79 log CFU/100 cm$^2$. The TPC counts from the hands of serving students and served students, were 6.39 and 5.33 log CFU, respectively, and the TPC counts of the foodservice utensils were <3.00 log CFU/ea before use and 4.77 CFU/ea after use. The air samples of 'empty classrooms during physical education', 'after physical education class', and 'during lunch' showed the contamination levels of 26 CFU/m$^3$,392 CFU/m$^3$, 364 CFU/m$^3$, respectively, suggesting that the microbial levels in the air varies greatly depending on the class activity before foodservice. When the TPCs of the air during lunch were measured from 18 classrooms, the levels ranged from 76 to >2228 CFU/m$^3$. Coliforms were not detected in the classroom facilities; however, air samples of the classrooms showed 1${\sim}$2 CFU/m$^3$. The above results show that classroom air and the hands of students, can have high levels of microbial contamination, which must to be controlled for safer school foodservice.