• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.56 no.4
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• pp.391-403
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• 2023

Purpose: This study evaluated the validity of a physical activity classification table (PACT) based on total energy expenditure (TEE) and physical activity level (PAL) measured using the doubly labeled water (DLW) method in Korean adults and the elderly. Methods: A total of 141 (male 70, female 71) adults and elderly were included. The reference standards TEE_DLW, PAL_DLW were measured over a 14-day period using DLW. A 24-hour physical activity diary was kept for three days (two days during the week and one day on the weekend). PAL_PACT was calculated by classifying the activity type and intensity using the PACT. PAL_PACT was multiplied by resting energy expenditure measured by indirect calorimetry to estimate TEE_PACT. Results: The mean age of the study participants was 50.5 ± 18.8 years, and the mean body mass index was 23.4 ± 3.3 kg/m². A comparison of TEE_DLW and TEE_PACT by sex and age showed no significant differences. The bias, the difference between TEE_DLW and TEE_PACT, was male 17.3 kcal/day and female -4.5 kcal/day. The percentage of accurate predictions (values within ± 10% of the TEE_DLW) of TEE_PACT was 58.6% in males and 54.9% in females, with the highest prediction values in the age group 40-64 years (70.9%) in males and over 65 years (73.9%) in females. The spearman correlation coefficient (r) between TEE_PACT and TEE_DLW was 0.769, indicating a significant positive correlation (p < 0.001). Conclusion: In this study, the use of a new PACT for calculating TEE and PAL was evaluated as valid. A web version of the software program and a smartphone application need to be developed using PACT to make it easier to apply for research purposes.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.227-253
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• 2023

The study is a preliminary study to conceptualize memes as information resources for literacy education in information environment changed with digital revolution. The study is to explain the context and reality of memes in order to promote the utilization of memes as information resources. The research questions are as follows: First, what topics are 'memes' studied with? Second, what things are captured and studied as 'memes'? The study conducted frequency and co-occurrence network analysis on 145 domestic studies and contents analysis on 73 domestic studies. The results are as follows: First, memes were mainly studied in the fields of 'humanities', 'social sciences', 'interdiciplinary studies', and 'arts and kinesiology'. Studies based on Dawkins' concept of memes (around 2012), studies on introducing the concept of memes to explain the spread of Korean Wave content (around 2015), and independent studies of memes as a major research topic in cultural sociology (around 2019) were performed. Second, memes are linguistic. Language memes (L-memes) are 102 (37%), language-visual memes (LV-memes) are 23 (8%), language-visual-musical memes (LVM-memes) are 21 (8%). Keyword 'language meme' ranked high in frequency, degree centrality and betweenness centrality of co-occurrence network. In other words, memes are expanding as a unique information phenomenon of cultural sociology based on linguistic characteristics. It is necessary to conceptualize meme literacy in terms of information literacy.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.185-194
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of short-term foresters on brain waves and pulse waves. For this purpose, 484 foresters who visited the natural recreation forest located in Cheongpyeong city, Gyeonggi province, measured the before and after experiences of EEG and pulse waves, and the following results were obtained. First, foresters have been shown to be effective on concentration, brain activity, and brain stress. Second, foresters had positive effects on cardiac health and autonomic health. In other words, when various substances released from the forest come into the body through the respiratory system, it firstly affects the heart activity positively, and it seems to be able to expect various improvements by acting on the emotional side of the brain. Therefore, based on the scientific basis of the forest experience, it is expected that the experience of forests will be widely used as a guide for healthy life by creating conditions for participation by many people. In addition, the mechanism of respiration, heartbeat, and brain interaction is also possible, and various experimental studies on the forest experience in the future are important.

• Korean Journal of Comparative Education
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.211-240
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• 2009

Radical changes in modern society have influenced on the nature of the works and the importance of the career education is emphasized more than any time. Various scholars have continuously emphasized the importance of the career education in regular schools. Most career educations in regular schools, however, consist of one-time event-oriented programs because of the systematic limitations immanent in Korean school system. To overcome the limitations of the school system, scholars have contended that career educations in regular schools should be integrated into the existing subjects and the curricula. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze exemplary cases of the career education through the subjects integration in developed countries. The target of the analysis in this study was the career education related content in Australia because Australian federal and local governments have made great efforts in integrating the career education into the regular school curricula. With interviews and literature analysis, the current status of the career education through the subjects integration in federal and local governmental levels and the career education related contents in the regular school curricula of local governmental level were analyzed. Major findings of the study were as follows: 1) Career education components were mainly contained in the PDHPE(personal development, health and physical education) subject in New South Wales; 2) Understandings of a wide range of work were emphasized in the cross-curricular perspective in South Australia; 3) Career education components were mainly contained in the SOSE(studies of society and environment) subject in Victoria; and 4) Career education related contents were integrated mainly in the 'inner learner' unit in Essential Learning subject in Northern Territory. The conclusions were derived from the outcomes of the study and the recommendations were proposed for the applications of the study results and the future researches.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.436-444
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• 2023

Scientific training, diet, and ergogenic aids are widely used to overcome the limits of humans' physical abilities and to achieve excellent sports records. The adoption of nutritional strategies is important for athletes to perform at their highest level, and one of the main factors determining endurance ability is increased fat metabolism. A ketogenic diet (high fat, low carbohydrates) has thus been proposed as an alternative strategy to maximize fatty acid oxidation during prolonged periods of exercise. However, studies have shown mixed results regarding the ergogenic value of a ketogenic diet. For this reason, exogenous ketone supplements (EKS, ingestible forms of ketone bodies, ketone esters, and/or salts) have been suggested to obtain nutritional ketosis, an acute transient increase in circulating acetoacetate (AcAc) and b-hydroxybutyrate (bHB) concentrations, without limiting carbohydrate intake. Some studies have suggested the beneficial effects of EKS on the performance of endurance exercises by providing an additional fuel substrate for peripheral tissues, such as cardiac and skeletal muscles, sparing carbohydrates/increasing fat oxidation and post-exercise recovery by increasing glycogen resynthesis in the liver/muscle, attenuating protein degradation, stimulating protein synthesis in the skeletal muscle, etc. However, many studies have failed to observe the beneficial effects of EKS as an ergogenic aid. As such, this review summarizes the theoretical basis of, as well as the proposed and proven effects of EKS on exercise performance and recovery to date.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.478-490
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to understand the impact of the leisure flow among the Baby Boomers upon their psychological well-being and verify the mediating effect of social support. For this study, the New Aging who were Baby Boomers(born between 1955 and 1963) living in Seoul or Gyeonggi-do. And a total of 470 questionnaires were put to analysis. The findings of this study are as follows; First, the leisure flow of the Baby Boomers turned out to have a significant impact on psychological well-being. Second, the leisure flow of the Baby Boomers turned out to have a significant impact on social support. Third, the recognition of the social support of the Baby Boomers turned out to have a significant impact on psychological well-being. Fourth, the researcher verified the mediating effect of social support in the relationship between leisure flow and psychological well-being of the Baby Boomers. This study implies that, as the Baby Boomers is leading the culture of the aged, the study provided the basic data for a healthy society in addition to the enhancement of the quality of life of the New Aging by leading the changing culture of the aged to a positive direction.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.595-604
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• 2022

It is necessary to pay attention to healthy eating habits and attitudes toward health functional foods at a time when the incidence of diseases increases exponentially due to side effects of westernized eating habits. The purpose of this study is to clarify the effect of healthy eating habits and attitudes toward health functional foods on mood states of college students and the elderly. As a result of the analysis, in the elderly, the explanatory power for vitality emotion was lower than that of college students, and only healthy eating habits were factors that significantly explained. For anxiety-depression, it was found that health eating habits could explain the decrease in anxiety-depression emotions even less only in the elderly, and for anger emotions, neither college students nor the elderly showed significant explanatory power. This suggests that it is necessary to further research and analyze the experimental and practical effects based on a wider group and various emotions on how health functional foods and healthy eating habits affect emotions.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.81-87
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• 2022

This study analyzed the awareness and demand of participants in a physical activity therapy program(PATP) of a social welfare-type cultural regeneration space in urban and rural areas. As a result of analyzing the demographic characteristics, the female(68.4%) were more than the male, and 30-39 years old(53.3%) were the most generation in the PATP participants. As a result of frequency analysis by all subjects, gender and age, 78.4% of the respondents had never participated in PATP before. The most duration of the PATP was 30 to 60 minutes(24.6%). 73.5% of the respondents answered that it was not feeling difficult at all to the intensity of PATP, and 94.8% of the respondents were satisfied with the intensity of PATP. The most respondents preferred to participate again with if the new PATP starts(97.2%) and to join the new PATP with his or her family members(85.7%). In addition, the participants under the age of 39(24.3%) perceived that the effect of improving physical fitness by PATP was higher than over 40 years of age(11.9%). As a result of logistic regression analysis, it was found that only the age had a significant effect(p<.01) on intensity of PATP. It means that the perceived intensity of PATP was different between the older and young generation. However, the PATP was not designed to meet the participants age and fitness levels, and even the general exercise prescription guidelines based on professional scientific data such as exercise frequency, exercise intensity, exercise time, exercise type, and characteristics of the participants in the spaces. In conclusion, to encourage and promote the participants motivation and health-related fitness level in the spaces for the future. The various type of PATP that include a few different intensities for all genders and age groups, and a customized program based on systematic and scientific exercise prescription guidelines.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.56 no.2
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• pp.48-60
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• 2023

Although foxtail and broomcorn millet have been cultivated since the Neolithic Age on the Korean Peninsula, there have been few studies on how the importance of millet cultivation changed over time. The discovery of millet has been rare in the Mahan-Baekje villages in the Jeonnam region, and archaeological discussions on ancient farming have centered around rice farming. However, a large amount of millet was found at the Osan site in Bongrim-ri, Jangheung, showing that the tradition of millet cultivation continued during the AD 3-4 centuries. In contrast to rice farming, which requires low-lying wetlands, hot and humid summers, and a large labor force, millet cultivation has few restrictions in terms of growing environment and labor mobilization. Regarding harvesting seasons, the crops at the Osan site can be divided into fall harvesting (rice, legumes, millet) and summer harvesting (wheat). Regarding field locations, the crops are divided into wetland crops (rice) and dryland crops (wheat, legumes, millet). The operation of the dual agricultural system contributed to subsistence resilience and agricultural production, making it possible to effectively manage social and climatic crises.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.519-524
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to construct basic data for efficient technical training by investigating the difference in muscle activity during badminton technical movements involving jump motions similar to game situations. Seven male badminton players were randomly assigned to perform smash, drop, and clear techniques, and electromyograms were measured during the implementation of three technical movements. Measured EMG was calculated by RMS and one-way ANOVA was performed. The muscle activity of the smashing motion did not show any significant difference according to the site. In drop motion, activity of PM in the upper extremity muscles was lower than that of BC and ECR, and FCR activity was lower than that of EC. The activity of ECR was higher than that of PM and FCR. The activity of ES in trunk muscles was lower than that of RF and GM. RF activity of lower extremity muscles was higher than that of ES and BF. In clear motion, the activity of TC in upper extremity muscle was higher than FCR. The activity of ES in trunk muscles was lower than that of BF. RF activity of lower extremity muscles was higher than that of BF, and BF activity was lower than that of RF and GM. The activity of GM was higher than that of BF. As for muscle activity according to badminton skills, smash and drop motions were higher than clear motions in FCR, and clear motions were higher than smash and drop motions in RA. In conclusion, it is considered that muscle activity during the badminton game is different according to the characteristics of each skill, and FCR can affect the smash and drop, and RA can affect the clear motion.