• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.225-232
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• 2001

In order to identify the optimum seeding rate of Jeju barnyard grass (Echinochloa crusgalli var. fiurnentacea(Roxb) Wight), 15, 20, 25, 30, 35 and 40 kilograms per a hectare were planted in April 16, 2000, respectively. The growth characterization, the yield and chemical composition were then investigated in June 28(1st cutting) and August 30(2nd cutting), 2000. According to increasing the seeding rate, plant height(155.5 to 162 cm), the yield of fresh forage(61 to 73 MT/ha), dry matter forage(11.9 to 16.9 MT/ha), crude protein(0.9 to 1.6 MT/ha), and TDN(6.1 to 9.7 MT/ha) were gradually increased until the seeding furrow, 35 kg/ha. In 40 kg/ha of seeding furrow, however, those results were decreased than that of the former seeding furrow. The contents of crude protein(7.4 to 10.4%), ether extract(3.3 to 5.2%), nitrogen free extract(46.4 to 47.8%), and TDN(52.1 to 60.4%) were also similar to those of the plant heights and the each yield excepted the seeding furrow, 40 kg/ha. Namely, the each results about the contents increased in 40kg/ha of seeding furrow. According to increasing the seeding rate, the stem diameter, number of leaves, number of withering leaves, and fresh weight were gradually decreased. The contents of crude fiber(30.3 to 27.5%) and crude ash(12.7 to 9.0%) were also decreased These results showed that the optimum seeding rate for the best of the feed production was the seeding furrow, 35 kg/ha.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2008

Korditwo is a new orchardgrass(Dactylis glomerata L.) variety developed by the National Institute of Animal Science(NIAS) in 2005. To develope the new variety of orchardgrass, 5 superior clones, Dg8533, Dg9518, EDg9133, U8504 and U8519, were selected and polycrossed for seed production. That synthetic variety was designated newly as "Korditwo", and it's agronomic growth characteristics and forage productivity were examined at Suwon from 2001 to 2002, and regional yield trials were conducted in Suwon, Pyungchang, Youngju, Iksan, and Jeju from 2003 to 2005, respectively. "Korditwo" showed medium type growth habit in fall and spring and short in length of flag leaf and upper internode. Plant height of "Korditwo" was similar to that of standard variety, "Ambassador" and heading date was 4 days later than 14th May compared to Ambassador. Characteristics such as winter hardiness, lodging tolerance, disease resistance of "Korditwo" were stronger or better than those of Ambassador, specially in winter hardiness and lodging tolerance. "Korditwo" showed 10% higher dry matter yield(11.3 ton/ha) compared to Amabassador. Nutritive value was appeared to be similar in both varieties.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.261-264
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• 2004

New orchardgrass(Dactylis glomerata L.) variety named as 'Kordi' was developed by the National Livestock Research Institute(NLRI) in 2003. Five superior clones on selected to develope the new variety of orchardgrass, and polycrossed for synthetic seed production. Synthetic seeds were examined on the agronomic growth characteristics and forage production at Suwon from 1995 to 1998, and regional trials were conducted in Suwon, Pyungchang and Jeju from 2001 to 2003 and Icsan in 2003, respectively. 'Kordi' showed semi-erect growth habit in fall and spring, and long type in length of flag leaf and short in upper internode. Plant height of 'Kordi' was little short compared to that of standard variety, Ambassador, and heading date was delayed about 3 days as 14th May compared to Ambassador. Characters such as winter hardiness. lodging tolerance, regrowth, disease resistance of 'Kordi' were stronger or better than those of Ambassador. 'Kordi' showed $10\%$ higher dry matter yield as 15,174 kg/ha compared to Ambassador. Nutritive value was appeared to be similar in both varieties.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.203-206
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• 2003

New orchardgrass(Dactylis glomerata L.) variety named as “Jangbeol 101” was developed by the National Livestock Research Institute(NLRI) in 2002. To develope the new variety of orchardgras, 5 superior clones were selected and polycrossed for seed production. Synthetic seeds were examined on the agronomic growth characteristics and forage production at Suwon from 1995 to 1998, and regional trials were conducted in Suwon, Namwon and Pyungchang from 1999 to 2002 and Jeju from 2000 to 2002, respectively. “Jangbeol 101” showed semi-erect growth habit in fall and spring and medium type in length of flag leaf and upper internode. Plant height of “Jangbeol 101” was short compared to that of standard variety, “Ambassador” and heading date was delayed about 2 days as 14th May compared to Ambassador. Characters such as winter hardiness, regrowth, moisture tolerance, disease resistance of “Jangbeol 101” were stronger or better than those of Ambassador. “Jangbeol 101” showed 9% higher dry matter yield as 12,374 kg/ha compared to Amabassador. Nutritive value was appeared to be similar in both varieties.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.333-336
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• 1987

A liquid waste from methane fermantation was applied on Maize field to determine its effect and optimum application rate on the plant growth. A basal application of liquid waste increased a considerable amount of soil water resulting in an increase of germination. Fresh and dry yields of maize plant increased as the liquid waste application rate increased and same as plant growth. Nitrogen and phosphorus components in plant and soil showed the same tendency as the yields. The result indicates that the liquid waste is potentially useful source for a fertilizer and irrigation water.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.197-210
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• 2009

To improve the forage quality and reduce nitrogen input, trial was conducted on the effect of seeding method, combination, and nitrogen fertilizer with WCB (whole crop barley) and leguminous plant. Present experiment was carried out by split-split design having seeding methods for main plot, combinations for sub-plot, and nitrogen fertilizers for sub-sub plot with three replications. When WCB and leguminous plant were mixed-sown, WCB showed earlier heading and maturing than those of inter-sown, and the more nitrogen delayed growth stage a little. Occurrence of BaYMV (Barley Yellow Mosaic Virus), a serious disease caused by soil fungi and decrease barley yield, was deterred by mixed-seeding as compared to inter-sown barley a little. Inter-sown WCB increased the number of spike per $m^2$ as compared to mixed-seeding showing more spikes with nitrogen increase. WCB produced much fresh and dry matter yield at mixed-seeding than inter-seeding, and had advantage with hairy vetch (HV). Increased nitrogen showed much forage yield, however, half application of it is considerable for environmental-friendly farming. Electric conductivity (EC) decreased in inter-cropping or mixed-sowing soil with WCB and leguminous crop after harvest. But, organic matter (OM) content of soil after harvesting was vice versa. Acid detergent fiber (ADF) and Neutral detergent fiber (NDF) of WCB plant were higher at mixed-seeding than those of inter-sown ones. It showed increased tendency with time progress.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.49-54
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• 1987

Information is needed on the plant characteristics affects by forage removal and their relationships to grain yield of italian ryegrass in order to combine herbage seed crop management and livestock farming. This study with tetraploid cv. Tetrone was carried out on the experimental field of Haenam Branch Station. treatments included two different seeding time, cutting time and frequency. Seeds were sown in row 50 cm width within the rows. The results are summarized as follows: 1. Fresh and dry matter were increased significantly in plots defoliated lately and many times but seed yield components were decreased significantly in plots defoliated in spring. 2. Autumn defoliation had no significant effect on the seed yield but seed yield were decreased significantly in plots defoliated later than 8 April. 3. Excess vegetative growth can be removed in autumn and early spring without harm to the seed crop and the most important aspect of its removal is the timing of the operation. 4. Seed yield reductions were accompanied by the decrease of inflorescences,seeds/spike, and thousand seeds weight, due to an increase in apex removal of vigorous tillers by late cutting.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.388-397
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• 1985

Forage productivity and sequential changes in forage quality of four rye and two triticale varieties were studied. All the observed characteristics were similar among rye or triticale varieties, but they were different between rye and triticale varieties. Early growth of rye was better compared to triticale varieties, but at heading stage yield in dry weight, digestible dry matter and percent dry matter of triticale were higher compared to rye varieties. Heading stage of rye was earlier than that of triticale by 11 - 14 days. Triticale had longer and broader leaf blades and a higher leaf blade/total dry weight ratio compared to rye. Protein content decreased as plant growth advanced and it was higher in rye before heading, but it was similar after heading compared to triticale. Cellulose and lignin contents of rye increased through 20 days after heading. However, in triticale cellulose increased until heading stage and it levelled off, but lignin content increased rapidly after heading. Among the crude fibers, only acid detergent fibers(ADF) was negatively correlated with in vitro dry matter digestibility(IVDMD) in both rye and triticale. IVDMD of rye decreased rapidly after heading, but it was maintained as high as heading stage up to 15 days after heading in triticale. Protein content and IVDMD in leaf blades were higher than those of culm + leaf sheath, hemicellulose was similar, and cellulose, lignin, and ADF in leaf blades were lower compared to culm + leaf sheath. In the early and middle part of April rye was superior to triticale as a soiling crop because of a better plant growth of rye under the low temperature conditions, but in the later part of April and early part of May triticale was superior to rye because of a rapid decreased in IVDMD of rye after heading and a late maturing characteristics of triticale. Planting both rye and triticale could prolong the utilization period of the soiling crops and increase in yield with better quality compared to a single crop of rye or triticale.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.66-77
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• 1993

The experiment reported here was conducted at Suweon and Sunghwan. to evaluate desirable agronomic characteristics, forage yield and quality of nine introduced oat (Avena sativa L.) cultivars in comparison with the control cultivar Cayuse during the fall and spring seasons for three years. Speed oat and G-sprinter showed earlier in maturity than the control cultivar Cayuse, but Taiho, Zenshin and Almighty were recorded as late types. Taiho, Hay oat and Swallow tended to more lodging than the control cultivar under rainy growing conditions and Taiho, Zenshin and Hay oat were more susceptible to barley yellow dwarf virus among the cultivars tested. At Suweon, the early type cultivars Speed oat and G-sprinter significantly outyielded the control cultivar Cayuse over the 3 years of the fall experiment, but no significant forage yield was found between the early type cultivars and the control in the spring experiment except for 1991 At Sunghwan, the early type Speed oat and late types Almighty and Zenshin significantly outyielded the control in the fall experiment of 1991, but the 3 years of experiment showed no significant difference in the forage yield of oat cultivars in the spring experiment. Over the 3 years of the fall and spring experiments at both Suweon and Sunghwan. the crude protein (CP) content and in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) of the early types Speed oat and G-sprinter were lower than those of the control and late types, but the acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) contents of the early types Speed oat and G-sprinter were slightly higher than those of the control and late types. Results of this experiment indicate that the early type oat cultivars tended to higher forage yield than the late types when sown in the fall, but no cultivar differences in dry matter yield were found when sown in the spring.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.207-210
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• 2003

"Jangbeol 102" is a new orchardgrass(Dacrylis glomerata L.) variety developed by the National Livestock Research Institute(NLRI) in 2002. To develope the new variety of orchardgrass, 5 superior clones were selected and polycrossed for seed production. Agronomic growth characteristics and forage production of "Jangbeol 102" were examined at Suwon from 1995 to 1998, and regional trials were conducted in Suwon, Namwon and Pyungchang from 1999 to 2002 and Jeju from 2000 to 2002, respectively. "Jangbeol 102" showed semi-erect growth habit in fall and spring and medium to long type in length of flag leaf and upper internode. Plant height of "Jangbeol 102" was similar to that of standard variety, "Ambassador" and heading date was I day faster as 11th May compared to Ambassador. Characters such as winter hardiness, regrowth, moisture tolerance, disease resistance of "Jangbeol 102" were stronger or better than those of Ambassador, specially in regrowth and disease resistance. "Jangbeol 102" showed 18% higher dry matter yield(13,430kg/ha) compared to Amabassador. Nutritive value was appeared to be similar in both varieties.assador. Nutritive value was appeared to be similar in both varieties.