• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.85-95
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• 1996

The purpose of this paper Is to propose a dubbed signal time-synchroniztion technique based on the SOLA(Synchronized Over-Lap and Add) method which has been widely used to modify the time scale of speech signal. In broadcasting audio recording environments, the high degree of background noise requires dubbing process. Since the time difference between the original and the dubbed signal ranges about 200mili seconds, process is required to make the dubbed signal synchronize to the corresponding image. The proposed method finds he starting point of the dubbing signal using the short-time energy of the two signals. Thereafter, LPC cepstrum analysis and DTW(Dynamic Time Warping) process are applied to synchronize phoneme positions of the two signals. After determining the matched point by the minimum mean square error between orignal and dubbed LPC cepstrums, the SOLA method is applied to the dubbed signal, to maintain the consistency of the corresponding phase. Effectiveness of proposed method is verified by comparing the waveforms and the spectrograms of the original and the time synchronized dubbing signal.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.1023-1030
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• 2020

We address the sampling set selection problem for arbitrary graph signals such that the original graph signal is reconstructed from the signal values on the nodes in the sampling set. We introduce a variation difference as a new indirect metric that measures the error of signal variations caused by sampling process without resorting to the eigen-decomposition which requires a huge computational cost. Instead of directly minimizing the reconstruction error, we propose a simple and fast greedy selection algorithm that minimizes the variation differences at each iteration and justify the proposed reasoning by showing that the principle used in the proposed process is similar to that in the previous novel technique. We run experiments to show that the proposed method yields a competitive reconstruction performance with a substantially reduced complexity for various graphs as compared with the previous selection methods.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.155-160
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• 2016

Recently, underwater acoustic communication (UWAC) has been studied by many scholars and researchers. In order to use UWAC, we need to estimate time difference between the two signals in underwater environment. Typically, there are major three methods to estimate the time-difference between the two signals such as estimating the arrival time of the first non-background segment and calculate the temporal difference, calculating the cross-correlation between the two signal to infer the time-lagged, and estimating the phase delay to infer the time difference. In this paper, we present calculating the cross-correlation between the two signals to infer the time-lagged to apply UWAC. We also present the experimental result of estimating the arrival time by using cross-correlation. We get EXCORR = 0.003055 second as the estimation error in mean absolute difference.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.130-134
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• 1997

Purpose: To analyze contrast-enhancement pattern of stomach cancer on dynamic MRI and to verify the efficacy of intravenous contrast agent in the evaluation of stomach cancer. Materials and Methods: Twelve patients with proven stomach cancer underwent dynamic MRI. By using l.OT scanner, we obtained precontrast FLASH images, and 30, 60, 90 second delay FLASH images after intravenous contrast injection. All patients ingested one liter of water and had intramuscular injection of Buscopan just before MR study. For quantitative analysis we measured signal to noise ratio (SiN) of stomach cancer on each image, and signal difference to noise ratio (SD/N) between cancer and intraluminal fluid, cancer and the pancreas. For qualitative analysis two radiologists evaluated lesion conspicuity on each image by grading system(grade 0, 1, 2, 3: poor, fair, good, excellent). Results: SiN of stomach cancer increased gradually by time(precontrast, 30, 60, 90 second delay: 38.7, 42.5, 57.4, 65.7). SD/N between cancer and intraluminal fluid significantly increased after contrast enhancement(l.24, 25.01, 39.30, 45.89). SD/Ns between cancer and the pancreas were 10.5, 9.33, 9.99, 10.66, respectively. In qualitative analysis, precontrast images were better than postcontrast images for delineation of stomach cancer. Postcontrast images showed clear endo-Iuminal side of stomach cancer, but outer margin of stomach cancer was more distinct on precontrast images. Conclusion: Precontrast MR images are better than postcontrast MR images in the depiction of stomach cancer. Intravenous contrast agent is not imperative in the evaluation of stomach cancer.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.305-311
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• 2012

This study compares the TE and UTE is to evaluate. We was programming by DWT of Matlab Tool-box for evaluation. M-program used feature value extract between TE Images and UTE Images. Two images using the extracted feature values were compared. Comparison of similar features two images phase was found to have value.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.45-52
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• 1990

본 논문에서는 원하는 방향에 대해서 선형 위상 응답 특성을 갖는 적응 빔 형성기에 대해서 설 명한다. 본 논문에서는 제안하는 빔 형성기는 원하는 신호에 대해서 선형 위상 응답 특성을 얻기 위해 전방 적응 빔 형성기와 후방 적응 빔 형성기를 이용한다. 두 빔 형성기의 각각의 출력 신호를 합하여 원하는 신호를 얻는다. TDL 필터 계수는 가상신호와 출력 신호간의 차이 값의 파워가 최소가 되도록 조정된다. 원하는 방향에 대한 빔 형성기의 임펄스 응답이 중심 샘플에 대해서 대칭이 되도록 원하는 방향에서 입사되는 신호에 대한 선형 위상 응답 특성을 얻을 수 있다. 출력 잡음 분산을 최소로 하는 반면 원하는 신호 방향에 대한 주파수 응답의 왜곡을 미리 정한 허용치보다 작게 함으로써 음성 신호 를 향상시키는 AMNOR 시스템에 본 논문에서 제안한 빔 형성기를 적용하여 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션 결과 를 제시한다.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.63-76
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of contact type textile electrode structure on heart activity signal acquisition for smart healthcare. In this study, we devised six contact type textile electrodes whose electrode size and configuration were manipulated for measuring heart activity signals using computerized embroidery. We detected heart activity signals using a modified lead II and by attaching each textile electrode to the chest band in four healthy male subjects in a standing static posture. We measured the signals four times repeatedly for all types of electrodes. The heart activity signals were sampled at 1 kHz using a BIOPAC ECG100, and the detected original signals were filtered through a band-pass filter. To compare the performance of heart activity signal acquisition among the different structures of the textile electrodes, we conducted a qualitative analysis using signal waveform and size as parameters. In addition, we performed a quantitative analysis by calculating signal power ratio (SPR) of the heart activity signals obtained through each electrode. We analyzed differences in the performance of heart activity signal acquisition of the six electrodes by performing difference and post-hoc tests using nonparametric statistic methods on the calculated SPR. The results showed a significant difference both in terms of qualitative and quantitative aspects of heart activity signals among the tested contact type textile electrodes. Regarding the configurations of the contact type textile electrodes, the three-dimensionally inflated electrode (3DIE) was found to obtain better quality signals than the flat electrode. However, regarding the electrode size, no significant difference was found in performance of heart signal acquisition for the three electrode sizes. These results suggest that the configuration method (flat/3DIE), which is one of the two requirements of a contact type textile electrode structure for heart activity signal acquisition, has a critical effect on the performance of heart activity signal acquisition for wearable healthcare. Based on the results of this study, we plan to develop a smart clothing technology that can monitor high-quality heart activity without time and space constraints by implementing a clothing platform integrated with the textile electrode and developing a performance improvement plan.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.24 no.4 s.90
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• pp.43-53
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• 2006

Pedestrian countdown signals were newly introduced to make Pedestrians feel more comfortable and safer in crossing the streets This Paper analysed pedestrian walking-speed through a before-after behavior study Data was collected from 22 sites. and the total number of pedestrians was 19,800. The results showed that the average Pedestrian walking-speed of existing pedestrian signal, an inverted triangle countdown signal and a numeric countdown signal were 1.44, 1.39 and 1.42m/sec. The difference between the three methods was statistically significant. The results showed that the distribution of the walking-speed of existing signal. an inverted triangle countdown signal and a numeric countdown signal were statistically Erlang(0.117, 10) distribution. Weibull(1.17, 3.72) distribution and Gamma(0.137, 8.18) distribution at 95% confidence level.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.213-216
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• 2005

자동차 번호판의 이미지에서 번호의 추출이나, 직물 이미지에서 오염 또는 훼손부분의 추출 또는 방사성 폐기물이나 기타 독극물 보관함의 이미지에서 오염이나 산화에 의한 훼손부위 등과 같은 목표물 이미지 추출은 흑백 이미지에서 명암의 차이를 이용하는 것보다는 컬러 이미지에서 색상의 차이를 이용하는 것이 더 효율적일 때가 많으며, 특히 배경과 목표물의 명암차이가 크지 않은 경우에 효과적이다. 배경과 목표물이 갖는 색상의 차이를 이용하여 분리하기 위해서 적색(R), 녹색(G), 청색(B) 의 RGB 평면 또는 순도(H), 포화도(S), 휘도(I)를 사용하는 HSI 컬러 평면 등이 많이 사용되며, 이 때 배경과 목표물의 색상의 히스토그램을 구해보면 보면 많은 경우 유사한 색 정보가 배경과 목표물에 공통으로 포함되어 분리에 어려움을 겪게 된다. 본 논문에서는 Fisher 선형 분리자(Fisher's linear discriminant)[1] 함수를 이용하여 3차원의 색상 특징 벡터를 1차원 직선에 투사하여 변환된 1차원 공간상에서 복잡성을 줄이고 효과적으로 분류할 수 있는 기법을 제안하였으며, 이를 도축된 식용 가금류의 영상에 적용하고 변질된 부분이 포함되어 식용으로 사용할 수 없는 것들을 효과적으로 분류할 수 있음을 보였다.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.32 no.12C
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• pp.1149-1155
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• 2007

In this paper, we propose a new overlap and add speech synthesis method which demonstrates improved continuity performance. The proposed method uses a weighted phase error function and minimizes the wave discontinuity of the synthesis signal, rather than the phase discontinuity, to estimate the mid-point phase. Experimental results show that the proposed method improves the continuity between the synthesized signals relative to the existing method.