• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.31-40
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• 2011

Copper-red (Dongwha, Jinsa) is Korean traditional inorganic pigment used for red-coloring on the porcelain surface during Goryeo and Joseon Periods. Trace amounts of copper-red porcelains are handed down because of the technical difficulty of making and coloring of the pigment. It is known that copper ore sources were extensively distributed in Korea according to old literatures and some of them are still producing copper ore at this present. Main types of copper-bearing mineral in Korea are chalcopyrite ($CuFeS_2$) and malachite ($Cu_2CO_3(OH)_2$), and they are easily collected from the ground surface. This means Korea had geographical and economic geological advantages for supplying raw material of the pigment. These two minerals showed good red-coloring in color test for porcelain pigment. As a coloring element, copper showed micro size less than $5{\mu}m$ in diameter in glaze matrix. The dispersion of copper particle is the most decisive factor for red chromaticity of copper-red porcelain, as well as copper content of the pigment.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.480-486
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• 2008

This paper reports on the monitoring results of some heavy metals (Pb, Cd, As and Hg) in oriental mineral medicines. Levels of Pb, Cd and As were determined using the acid digestion method and ICP-MS. Hg levels were determined using the gold amalgamation method and Automatic mercury analyzer (AMA). The results indicated that, in the case of Pb, 25.81% (24 cases) of the samples were over MRL (5 mg/kg). Pb levels in Calamina, Pumex, and Cinnabaris exceeded MRL (5 mg/kg). In the case of Cd, 9.68% (17cases) of the samples were over MRL (0.3 mg/kg). Cd levels in Calamina, Pumex and Cinnabaris were exceeded MRL (0.3 mg/kg). In case of As, 24.73% (23 cases) of samples exceeded MRL (3 mg/kg). As levels in Calamina, Lithargyrum, Vermilionum, Cinnabaris and Chalcocitum exceeded MRL (3 mg/kg). In the case of Hg, it was shown that the 76.34% (78 cases) of the samples exceeded MRL (0.2 mg/kg). Hg levels in almost all the samples exceeded MRL (0.2 mg/kg). These results led us to recommend that the domestic commercial law to be legislated to ensure the quality estimation and safety of oriental mineral medicines.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2009.11a
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• pp.90-90
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• 2009

The $Sr_{0.7}Bi_{2.3}Nb_2O_9$(SBN) thin films are deposited on Pt-coated electrode($Pt/Ti.SiO_2/Si$) using RF sputtering method. The dielectric constant of SBN thin films were increased with the increase of annealing temperature. The maximum dielectric constant of SBN thin film is obtained by annealing at 700[$^{\circ}C$]. The dielectric constant and dielectric loss had a stable value within -5~+5[V].

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 1999.06a
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• pp.627-630
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• 1999

For depth extraction from the focus and recovery the shape, determination of criterion function for focus measure and size of the criterion window are very important. However, Texture, illumination, and magnification have an effect on focus measure. For that reason, depth map has a partial high and low peak. In this paper, we propose a depth extraction method from focused images using the error interpolation. This method is modified the error depth into mean value between two normal depth in order to improve the depth map.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1996.07c
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• pp.1485-1488
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• 1996

This paper presents a method for analyzing electromagnetic field of planar microwave structures, which is based on Finite Element Method and optimizes structure of microstripline on Printed Circuit Board.

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 2003.06a
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• pp.356-358
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• 2003

본 연구에서는 일반사출과 MmSH방식 두 가지의 사출성형공정을 이용하여 나노 패턴 구조물을 제작하였다. 성형품에 나타난 나노패턴의 진사성은 MmSH방식을 이용한 PC 성형품에서 가장 우수했다. 일반사출공정에서 HIPS로 제작된 성형품은 나노패턴의 전사가 잘 형성되었고, PC의 경우 전사가 잘 이루어지지 않았다. 연구 결과 수지의 유동성이 좋고, 금형표면 온도가 높을수록 나노패턴의 전사성은 향상됨을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.109-121
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• 2016

Mother-of-pearl turtle shell lacquerware refers to a decoration made of a mother-of-pearl, a turtle shell and metal wires. This lacquerware features bright color tone as it is produced by sprinkling metal powder over its entire surface. This study aimed to find out its material properties and characteristics by using an optical microscopy and conducting a SEM-EDS analysis on the cross section of lacquer coating. As a result, it was found that charcoal powder and soil powder were mixed for undercoating. Then a mixture of cinnabar lacquer and monoclinic arsenic sulfide mineral ($As_2S_3$) was coated on the undercoating and brass powder was sprinkled on top of it. Especially, a little amount of pigment was found on the lacquer layer, which is distinguished from the colors used for conventional lacquer patterns. In addition, it was also found that the cinnabar lacquer and monoclinic arsenic sulfide mineral were mixed together.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.13-24
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• 2010

This study examined each handiwork method of 4 filigree artifacts from Neungsan-ri temple site in Buyeo, Korea through material characteristic and microstructure analysis. As a result, it was indicated that all of the artifacts have comparatively higher purity than 22.7K and some of filigree artifacts showed that gold is alloyed with silver at a certain ratio. Gold thread that decorates surface showed thickness of 0.2~0.8mm and displayed various forms of section. Gold granule indicated that 2 or 3 granules are adhered together and they are 0.3~0.8mm in diameter. Trace of soldering was observed from gold thread and gold granule joints on surface and it confirmed a possibility of being soldering using gold solder through componential analysis. Also, it reveals a surface decorated with pigments such as cinnabar(HgS) and black.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.365-372
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• 2014

The purpose of the present study is to determine the species of red and green pigments used on paintings of Korean temples and also to compare the two pigments according to the particle characteristics. The component analysis shows that the red pigment consists of cinnabar, hematite, and minium and the green pigment are composed of atacamite, celadonite, and malachite. The result suggests that mixture of various pigments were applied to the painting. When it comes to the particle characteristics, there are various hedral or anhedral shapes such as sharp, long, angular, and platy shapes even in the same cinnabar. In addition, the green pigment also shows a similar pattern with those of the red pigment. Up to now, an identification of minerals has been relied on examination of component and crystal shape. However, it is notable that using form related characteristics can be a better and useful method not only for categorization of pigments which are similar in terms of color and species but also specific index.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2011.10a
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• pp.5-5
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• 2011

최근에 고령화 사회에 접어들면서 건강하게 활동하며 수명을 다하는 것이 중요한 연구과제가 되고 있다. 이 때문에 영양, 운동, 스트레스, 환경 등과 관련하여 암, 당뇨병, 고혈압, 비만, 동맥경화 등 생활습관병의 극복이 사회문제가 되고 있는 실정이다. 지금까지 고려인삼의 대표적인 동물실험 및 임상학적 연구결과를 종합하여 보면 성인의 난치성 만성질환에 대해서 치료제보다는 질병을 예방하고 회복촉진에 보다 큰 효과 있음을 확인할 수 있다. 이는 인삼이 식품과 의약품의 중간에 위치한 식품의약품(Nutraceutical)의 용도로 활용할 수 있음을 시사한다. 현재까지 인삼제품에 표시되는 기능성의 내용은 약 3,000여편 이상의 약리효능에 관련된 논문이 발표되었다 하더라도 "피로회복, 면역력 증진, 혈소판 응집 억제를 통한 혈액흐름에 도움이 됩니다"이며 이외의 기능성 표시는 현재로서 원칙적으로 불가한 것으로 되어 있다. 그러나 시험물질의 규격화 및 임상시험의 검토기준을 만족시키는 과학적 자료제출에 의한 개별 평가 후 표시내용의 확대가 가능하다. 고려인삼의 다양한 성분 중 ginsenoside는 주요 약효성분으로 인정을 받고 있으며 현재 품질관리의 지표성분으로 활용되고 있다. 이러한 개별 ginsenoside의 약리작용을 보면 서로 유사 또는 상반된 효과를 보여주는 성분들이 공존하고 있어 인삼의 다양한 약리효과와 일맥상통하는 것으로 보고되고 있다. 아울러, ginsenoside는 인삼의 부위 별로 현격한 차이를 보여주기 때문에 소재의 규격화는 매우 중요하다고 판단된다. 따라서, 인삼제품 개발의 가장 중요한 조건은 의약품에 가까운 기능성식품으로 세계적인 제품을 만들기 위해서는 표준화가 선행되어야 한다. 이와 같은 조건을 잘 충족시키는 제품이 스위스 "파마톤의 진사나(백삼추출물, G115)" 제품으로 생각할 수 있다. 따라서, 고려인삼의 수출시장 확대 및 세계적인 제품을 위해서는 진사나에 필적할 수 있는 새로운 홍삼의 표준화된 추출물을 도출하는 것이 무엇보다 급선무라 생각한다. 아울러 고려인삼의 특장점 발굴을 위한 표준화 된 추출분획물, 활성성분 및 효능과 연계한 새로운 고부가가치 창출제품(식품/의약품)개발에 주력해야 할 것이다.