• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.106-111
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of 3 chairside polishing methods and laboratory polishing methods on surface roughness and $C.$ $albicans$ adhesion of polyamide denture base. Materials and methods: Using contact profilometer, the surface of polyamide specimens ($25{\times}15{\times}2mm$) was studied after conventional polishing without finishing and after chiarside polishing with 2 chiarside polishing kits and chairside-pumice polishing following finishing with tungsten carbide bur. To evaluate the adhesion of $C.$ $albicans$, $C.$ $albicans$ suspension was overlayed on the test specimen. And the specimens were incubated for 2 hours. Imprint culture method was achieved and counted the colony on the agar plate. Polished polyamide were evaluated using a scanning electron microscope. The statistics were conducted using one-way ANOVA and in case of difference, Scheffe test and Tamhane's T2 test were used. Results: Surface roughness (Ra) of surfaces polished with 2 chairside polishing kits had higher than conventional polishing and pumice polishing. The highest roughness value was $0.32{\pm}0.10{\mu}m$, and the lowest was $0.02{\pm}0.00{\mu}m$. The adhesion of $C.$ $albicans$ on the specimens polished with chairside polishing group and pumice polishing group were increased than conventional polishing group ($P$<.01). Conclusion: Conventional laboratory polishing was found to produce the smoothest surface and the lowest adhesion of $C.$ $albicans$. Two groups polished with Chairside polishing kits were similar with respect to surface roughness. Surface of the specimen polished with pumice is significantly smoother than 2 chairside polishing groups, but the result of $C.$ $albicans$ adhesion is that group polished with pumice was similar with 2 chairside polishing groups ($P$>.01).

• Korea Science and Art Forum
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• v.28
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• pp.105-116
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• 2017

This study is a basic research to suggest user-centered general hospital environmental design guidelines, which aims to analyze user's behavior characteristics across generation in general hospital. For this purpose, this study constructed an analysis tool through the literature review with regard to generation and behavior characteristics in general hospital. Besides, an online survey regarding user's behavior in general hospital was conducted targeting from 20s to 60s, 300 persons for each group, total 1,500 persons for about 3 weeks since September 1, 2016. The results of this study are as follows: (1) Based on the generation, there were significant differences in relevant categories of their visiting frequency, visiting purpose, visiting hour, transportation, companion, behavior during the wait and selection of a general hospital. (2) In all generation, they responded that they have visited once or twice per year. People in 20s and 30s responded that their visit for the hospital is to receive specific treatment, while other people in 40s, 50s and 60s visit the hospital majorly for routine check-ups. Therefore, it is imperative for a health check-up center to design an environmental plan that reflects the characteristics of elders in 40s, 50s and 60s. (3) People in 40s, 50s and 60s usually visit a general hospital in the mornings of weekdays, while generations in 20s and 30s responded that they mostly visit the hospital in the mornings of weekend. (4) When they visit a general hospital, people in their 20s are usually using public transportations, while people in their 30s to 60s are using their own vehicle. (5) People in their 20s majorly visited 'lobby'. In older generations, they tend to visit 'outpatient clinic'. Therefore, it is necessary to build an outpatient clinic environment that considers the elderly. (6) Patients majorly responded that they are using their cell phone, while waiting for their clinic call. In elder generations, they responded that they are more likely watching TVs, reading books/magazines or doing nothing. Therefore, it is essential to provide cell-phone related services and environmental supports. Visually attractive media can be utilized for this purpose.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.316-328
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• 2015

Purpose: The objects of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of the dental stone casts made from alginate impressions according to storage condition and stone pouring time. Materials and Methods: Each of upper and lower impressions of dental model was taken. The dental stone models were made immediately, 10, 30, 60, 180, 360 minutes after the impressions were taken at each storage condition. 3D models were constructed by scanning the stone model using 3D laser scanner. With Reference points, positioned on digital models, linear measurements of the dimensional change were compared by 3D metrology software, 3D average models were made and superimposition to identify the specific site of dimensional change and to measure surface deviation (mm). Results: Dental stone models which were made immediately after taking the impression showed the smallest linear dimensional change. As the stone pouring time was prolonged, the linear dimensional change was increased. More than 180 minutes after impression taking, linear dimensional change and surface distortion increased in the posterior molar region, regardless of the storage condition. Conclusion: For the optimum accuracy of the dental stone casts, alginate impression should be poured as soon as possible. If there were a need for storing, a humidor with 100% relative humidity must be used and be stored less than 180 minutes to fabricate the accurate dental model.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.213-217
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• 2010

The use of chloral hydrate and hydroxyzine for oral sedation is most effective in children aged less than 36 months and weighing less than 15 kg. Children who do not belong to this category may show frequent movements due to shallow sedation level, and it can lead to sedation failures. One of the solutions to such sedation failure is conversion to deeper sedation. But, it is not so much of an option, since inhalation anesthetics and devices are required. In this case, conversion from oral sedation to intravenous sedation was successfully achieved without causing injection pain while searching for an intravenous route, by using EMLA cream (Eutectic Mixture of Local Anesthesia). A patient aged 46 months and weighing 15 kg visited the Pediatric Department of Dankook University Dental Hospital. Treatment under TSD(Tell Show Do) was offered, but due to the parent's request, oral sedative measures were taken. Considering prompt converting from oral sedation to iv sedation in case the oral sedation fails, EMLA cream was apllied preemptively. Adequate sedation level could not be achieved after 90 minutes of oral administration, therefore, under the parent's consent, intravenous route was prepared after conscious sedation by $N_2O-O_2$. During treatment, $ETCO_2$, $SPO_2$ and heart rate was monitored every 5 minutes. The patient showed stable vital signs and did not show any movements. The whole procedure took two and a half hours in total, and the treatment was completed without any adverse effects.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.186-192
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• 2010

Streptococcus mutans, one of the major causal agents of dental caries, is component of the dental plaque. It produces various organic acids such as lactic acid which is the end-product of glycolysis, and this leads to dental caries. A new system using species-specific monoclonal antibodies was developed to detect Streptococcus mutans in saliva. The system quickly detects salivary Streptococcus mutans in 30min and classifies the result into two levels. The purpose of this study was to investigate correlation between monoclonal antibody-based detecting system and selective medium-based detecting methods. Children's deft indices were also compared with Streptococcus mutans counts in MSB agar plate. Subjects consisted of 15 children in the age of 3 to 6 years. They were assigned to three groups : Group I(deft index = 3), Group II(deft index $\leqq$3), Group III(deft index $\geqq$4). The results are as follows : 1. The rate of children with positive response was 13.3% and with negative response was 86.7% in the result of Saliva-checkTM Mutans test kit. 2. There was a positive correlation between monoclonal antibody-based detecting system and selective medium-based detecting methods(p<0.05). 3. Streptococcus mutans counts in MSB agar plate were irrelevant to deft of children(p=0.34).

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.128-137
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• 2020

Over the last 30 years, the use of chairside computer-aided design (CAD) and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) systems has evolved and has become increasingly popular in dentistry. Although CAD/CAM restorations have been used in the anterior dentition, satisfying the esthetic requirements of clinicians and patients, where the restorations are limited to the chairside, remains a challenge. To reproduce multi-shades of CAD/CAM restorations in the clinic, a preliminary experiment to express several shades on A2 lithium disilicate (LS2) blocks using a staining kit was performed. After measurement of the CIE L^*a^*b^* value of specimens, it was compared with that of the commercial shade guide. This report presents two cases with individual customization of shade and surface characterization of the CAD/CAM restorations using predictable methods based on the preliminary experimental data. The anatomical shape of restoration was obtained from 'copy and paste technique' and 'mirror image acquisition technique'. All treatment procedures and fabrication of restorations performed in this report were executed in the clinic itself.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.917-924
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• 2012

This study was attempted in order to grasp the influence of smoking upon periodontal disease by analyzing relationship between the smoking realities and the periodontal disease risk in adults aged over 19 in our country. In the findings, the mean in CPI of the whole subjects was 1.92. Among 6989 whole subjects, the group whose CPI is 0-2 included 4707 people(67.3%). The group whose CPI is 3-4 included 2282 people(32.7%). As for the group whose CPI is more than 3 when confounder wasn't corrected, the risk on incidence of periodontal disease in the group with smoking in the past increased by 1.78 times(95% CI:1.56-2.02), compared to the group with no smoking. In the group with the current smoking, it increased by 1.75 times(95% CI:1.55-1.82). Even with correcting gender, age, educational level, and diabetes appearance, the risk on incidence of periodontal disease was higher by 1.28 times(95% CI:1.08-1.53) in the group with smoking in the past and by 1.82 times(95% CI:1.54-2.16) in the group with the current smoking than the group without smoking at all. Accordingly, smoking was indicated to be related to periodontal disease. Thus, the positive publicity needs to allow patients themselves to establish firm consciousness. In addition, dental hygienists need to perform systematic non-smoking educational guidance within doctor's office. Thus, it is thought to necessarily contribute to improving periodontal health.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.51 no.10
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• pp.1071-1076
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• 2008

Purpose : Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most frequent cause of lower respiratory infections in infants and young children. Early detection allows quarantining of infected inpatients to prevent nosocomial transmission and to choose a treatment. To achieve rapid reporting, to facilitate prompt antiviral therapy, and to avoid unnecessary use of antibiotics, an easy, rapid diagnostic method for RSV is needed. We evaluated a lateral flow immunochromatography (RSV Respi-Strip test) and EIA (Enzyme immuno assay) compared to RT-PCR. Methods : From April 2007 to March 2008, 112 consecutive respiratory specimens (nasopharyngeal aspirates, throat swabs, tracheal aspirates, sputum) from patients who were suffering from the clinical signs and symptoms of respiratory tract infection were enrolled in Busan. A total of 112 patients were tested with RSV Respi-Strip (Corio-BioConcept, Belgium), EIA, and RT-PCR at the same time. Results : Of the 112 specimens tested, the number of children who showed positive results at RT-PCR and Respi-Strip were 45 and 42, respectively. The Respi-Strip rapid antigen test had a sensitivity of 88% and a specificity of 94%. The positive and negative predictive values were 90% and 92%, respectively. The agreement was 83%. Conclusion : In our study, the rapid antigen test had as much sensitivity as any method for detection of RSV. The test has many advantages such as easy performance, simple interpretation, and rapid results. If the rapid antigen test is widely applied in the clinical setting, the may be useful for diagnostic and epidemiological studies of RSV infection.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.8
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• pp.607-615
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to assess the level of awareness regarding the relationship between systemic diseases and oral health and the importance of education related to this association among dental patients, as well as to identify factors that affect the awareness of the relationship and the perceived need for education. This study was conducted from June 2016 to February 2017. Subjects of this study included outpatients (20-60 years old) from a dental clinic, and only patients who agreed to the survey were included. A total of 110 subjects were included, but the final analysis was based on 92 questionnaires, excluding questionnaires that were inaccurate. Survey questionnaires were completed by self-report and face-to-face interviews with a dental hygienist. The questionnaires covered basic information, awareness of the association between general and oral health, and experience with, and need for education related to, this association. Among the subjects, 48.9% were aware of the association between systemic diseases and oral health. A total of 39.1% of subjects had received education regarding the relationship between systemic diseases and oral health. Subjects who visited dental clinics regularly were 3.94 times (95% confidence intervals [CI]: 1.21-12.84) more likely to be aware of the association between oral health and disease compared with subjects who made only irregular visits to dental clinics. In addition, experience or education was significantly associated with awareness of the relationship between oral health and disease (odds ratio [OR]: 4.64, 95% CI: 1.54-13.93) and the need for education (OR: 3.98, 95% CI: 1.20-13.12). Thus, the dental professionals should provide education on the relationship between oral health and systemic disease in dental clinics to improve patients' awareness and oral health behaviors. These results can be used to strengthen education in the dental clinic.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.560-569
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• 2008

Microorganism survived in the root canal after root canal cleaning and shaping procedure is a main cause of root canal treatment failure. There are several mechanisms for the bacteria to survive in the root canal after chemomechanical preparation and root canal irrigation. Bacteria organized as biofilm has been suggested as an etiology of persistent periapical lesion. Recent studies were focus on removal of Enterococcus faecalis biofilm due to the report that the persistence of this bacteria after root canal treatment may be associated with its ability to form biofilm. Several investigations demonstrated that current root canal treatment protocol including use of NaOCl, EDTA and Chlorhexidine as irrigants is quite effective in eliminating E. faecalis biofilm. However, this microorganism still can survive in inaccessible areas of root canal system and evade host immune response, suppress immune activity and produce biofilm. Up to date, there is no possible clinical method to completely get rid of bacteria from the root canal. Once the root canal treatment failure occurred, and conventional treatment incorporating current therapeutic protocol has failed, periapical surgery or extraction should be considered rather than prolong the in effected retreatment procedure.