• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.82-96
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to enhance the usability of hanji fabrics by expanding the color space of hanji fabrics. For the expression of various colors of hanji fabrics, single and combination dyeing were carried out using natural indigo(Niram, Polygonum tinctorium), marigold extract colorant, and madder extract colorant for three types of hanji fabrics with different fiber compositions(hanji, hanji/cotton, hanji/silk). The light, medium, and deep colors obtained through individual single dyeing were shown to be PB Munsell colors in the case of indigo dyeing, Y color for marigold dyeing, and R color for madder dyeing. For combination dyeing, indigo dyeing was first carried out under the conditions for light, medium, and deep colors, respectively, and marigold or madder dyeing was performed thereafter. Indigo and marigold combination dyeing produced PB, B, BG, G, and GY Munsell colors and indigo and madder combination dyeing produced PB, P, RP, and R Munsell colors. Overall, the color change of hanji/silk fabric was more diverse than that of hanji fabric and hanji/cotton fabric. In the indigo, marigold, and madder combination dyeing into individual deep colors, blackish PB and P Munsell colors was obtained. Colorfastness to washing, dry cleaning, rubbing, and light were relatively good with above rating 4. Finally, 9 colors excluding YR color out of 10 Munsell color were obtained. We confirmed that the expansion of the color space of Hanji fabrics by the single and combination dyeing with indigo, marigold, and madder.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.102-112
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• 2020

Smart City's goal is to solve urban problems through smart city's component technology, thereby developing eco-friendly and sustainable economies and improving citizens' quality of life. Until now, smart cities have evolved into component technologies, but it is time to focus attention on the needs and participation of citizens in smart cities. In this paper, we present a big data procedure for solving smart city problems based on citizens' needs and participation. To this end, we examine the smart city project market by region and major industry. We also examine the development stages of the smart city market area by sector. Additionally it understands the definition and necessity of each sector for citizen participation, and proposes a method to solve the problem through big data in the seven-step big data problem solving process. The seven-step big data process for solving problems is a method of deriving tasks after analyzing structured and unstructured data in each sector of smart cities and deriving policy programs accordingly. To attract citizen participation in these procedures, the empathy stage of the design thinking methodology is used in the unstructured data collection process. Also, as a method of identifying citizens' needs to solve urban problems in smart cities, the problem definition stage of the design sinking methodology was incorporated into the unstructured data analysis process.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.94-99
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• 2014

Recently, trends in new transportation system development have been primarily focused on sustainable and ecofriendly mobility solutions. The personal rapid transit (PRT) system has been considered a promising candidate in this category; its competitiveness is being improved through convergence with cutting-edge electric vehicle (EV) technologies. However, battery-powered vehicles pose difficult technical challenges in attempts to achieve reliable and efficient operation. In this study, a design approach for a solar-power assisted PRT system is presented with small-scale demonstrations aimed at circumventing challenges facing its adoption, as well as helping speed the transition to electric-powered ground transportation. From the results, it is expected that flexible photovoltaic (PV) cells will be able to supply 11% of the power required by the service equipment installed in a prototype vehicle. In particular, flexible photovoltaic (PV) cells are advantageous in terms of cost, weight, and design considerations. Most importantly, the cells' flexibility and attach-ability are expected to give them great potential for extended application in various areas.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.339-345
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• 2016

While a game market has been growing consistently world widely, a market of arcade or video game has been detained. In this stagnation, the latest one in 2015, "Super Mario Maker" of Mario series that's been running in good for 30 years, the notable sale and growth of which are extraordinary. As for a study in customizing, a literature of game customizing and studies that are foregone were mostly handling contents about a game character. In the survey that's done in this thesis about knowledge and needs in customizinge game users have, it was shown they want to customize sides of a rule and a character. I analyzed what the main factors are in this game which uses a main concept of customizing and the reason for high profits and popularity. As a result of the analysis, four features, possibility to customize a game rule, share data among users, collaboration in marketing with NFC figure characters, offering updates with sustained and new customizing features were found out. I am certain a game customizing will be helping to meet users and be used for various industries without limit of existing character.

• Journal of Appropriate Technology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.144-150
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• 2021

The purpose of this paper is to introduce representative appropriate technology research organizations operating in France. Among them, we would like to investigate and introduce five institutions that have acquired a lot of experience due to their long history. Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD) is a government-funded institution that strengthens science and technology infrastructure in Africa and overseas territories with the aim of supporting and educating science communities in developing countries, and conducts collaborative research with more diverse developing countries. Antenna France is an NGO organization whose main activity is to improve malnutrition in Africa. Ingénieurs sans frontiers is an NGO organization that sets sustainable development as the main goal of the association's activities and leads various activities such as education. Terre & Humanism is an NGO organization that practices ecological agriculture and carries out a social change movement urging to respect life and land, and to constitute an alternative society. Humanitarian Design Bureau is a corporation concept company that mainly carries out R&D for environmentally friendly products necessary for NGO activities.

• Archives of design research
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• v.19 no.2 s.64
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• pp.241-250
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• 2006

Hangeul as the Korean unique characters were invented according to some character-making principles and based on scholars' exhaustive researches. While most of the characters in the world evolved naturally, Hangeul was invented based on a precise linguistic analysis of the time, and therefore, it is most scientific and reasonable among various characters throughout the world. Nevertheless, Hangeul typeface designs do not seem to inherit the ideology of scientific and reasonable Hangeul correctly. For the square forms have been used intact due to the influences from the Chinese characters which prevailed during the time. If a single set of square characters should be designed, as much as 11,172 fonts should be designed, which suggests that advantages of Mangeul may not well be used fully; Hangeul was invented to visualize every sound with the combinations of 28 vowels and consonants. Problems of such square fonts began to be identified since 1900's when typewriters were introduced first from the West. Since a typewriter is designed with 28 characters laid out on its keyboard by using such combinations, the letters may be easily combined on it. The so-called the flexibility square-format typeface was born as such. Specially, the three-pairs fonts of these can be combined up to 67 letters including vowels and consonants. The three-pairs fonts system can help to solve the problems arising form the conventional square fonts and inherit the original ideology of Hangeul invention. This study aims to review the history of the three-pairs fonts designs facilitated by mechanic encoding of Hangeul and thereupon, suggest some desirable directions for future Hangeul fonts. Since the flexibility square-format typeface is expected to evolve more and more owing to development of the digital technology, they would serve our age of information in terms of both functions and convenience. Just as Hunminjongum tried to be literally independent from the Chinese characters, so the flexibility square-format typeface designs would serve to recover identity of our Hangeul font designs.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.559-592
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• 2012

In spite of the transitional changes in the shoe industry in Busan area, regular academic studies on the management plan to improve the practical competitiveness of footwear industry focused in the materials, bio-dynamics, components, and designs, etc. in the engineering viewpoint are very rare. Many reports of policies were published from late 190's to 2000's but they were limited to the identification of practical situations and the measures for strategic alternatives and were not developed to be the academic studies to improve the competitiveness in terms of management control. It is intended to seek for the measures to be reviewed as the alternatives to improve the self-competitiveness of footwear companies by approaching the problems limited to such specific area in the viewpoint of management control. The core of this study is to provide the alternative plans for expansion of the industrial foundation by seeking for the measures to improve competitiveness with application of knowledge management as an alternative for improvement of not transient but sustainable industrial competitiveness, in order to help the export of shoes from Busan area which has been rapidly increased since the Korea-USA FTA and Korea-EU FTA. In such viewpoint, in the study, a questionnaire survey was performed related with the issues of Busan's footwear industry and the plan to implement knowledge management was discussed for improvement of the competitiveness of footwear industry based on the result of such questionnaire survey. As most of studies and directions have been focused in functional shoes, designs, materials, and components, etc., which are related with the properties of human dynamics, as the alternatives for improvement of the footwear industry of Busan area and did not suggest the measures to make basic changes in the management of companies, the implementation of knowledge management was emphasized in order to seek for the direction of such plan. The purpose of this study is to suggest an alternative for construction of industrial eco-system for high added value by seeking for the probability of knowledge management for conversion of footwear industry into knowledge industry. In order to accomplish the effect of increased export as the result of FTA, current management method of footwear companies is limited and the effect of FTA should be maximized by improving the competitiveness with implementation of knowledge management methods. Settlement of such knowledge management will act as the momentum to improve the competitiveness of footwear companies and, in a long-term viewpoint, will be able to maximize the improvement of knowledge industry and creation of job opportunities.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.79-85
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to investigate the existing augmented reality (AR) contents in education and to develop digital AR contents to promote the learning outcomes in nursing skills education. AR contents has been widely used in education such as children's books, coloring, or exhibition experiences, but rarely developed in nursing education. We wanted to develop AR contents on nursing skills which required memorization of complex contents. In order to improve nursing students' memorization skills, we developed AR techniques holding and executing cameras along with game elements of time and points. In order to give the effect of placing objects in front of the user's eyes, an augmented reality camera was applied, and a total of 40 levels were created to produce the sequence of nursing techniques. This study showed that learning contents in the medical field requiring expertise could be implemented as AR contents. The content developed in this study will be used as a learning aid for nursing students.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.34-41
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• 2013

Split-flow thin cell (SPLITT) fractionation (SF) is a rapid separation technique capable of separating colloidal particles or macromolecules into two or more fractions. SF allows fractionations in a preparative scale as sample is fed continuously. Generally SF uses a thin ribbon-like channel equipped with two flow stream splitters at the inlet and outlet of the channel. Thus there exist two flow inlets and two flow outlets at the top and bottom of the inlet and outlet of the channel, respectively. There are two operating modes in SF, conventional mode and full-feed mode (FFD). Although the resolution in the FFD mode is lower than that in the conventional mode, FFD mode has some merits. The design of the channel and operation are simpler in the FFD mode, as it does not require the feeding of the solvent. Thus there is no flow stream splitter at the channel inlet, and only one pump is needed, unlike the conventional mode, where two pumps are required for the feedings of the sample and the solvent separately. Also the sample is not diluted in the FFD mode as there is no solvent feeding, which is important for fractionation samples with low colloidal concentrations such as environmental samples. For some of environmental samples, pre-concentration is often required. In this study, a new large-scale splitter-less FFD-SF channel was implemented, where there is no splitter at the outlet as well as at the inlet of the channel. It was possible to build the channel in a much larger dimension than conventional ones, allowing much higher sample throughput (TP). The new channel was tested and optimized with polyurethane (PU) latex beads, and then applied to large-scale separation of Polyacrylate (PA).

• Archives of design research
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.231-244
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• 2004

The curriculum in the vocational training shall be planed and operated on a basis what is the occupational category that the students can be employed after their graduation and the ability necessary to the engagement in their occupations. Accordingly, the course selecting the quality of education in the curriculum plan for the vocational training shall be developed continuously and gradually through the maintenance of dose relation by the participation of the persons in the industries related to the major field. If the curriculum in the vocational training is for the preparation of employment, the focus of curriculum shall be adjusted to the employment. It needs to collect and analyze the related data between the universities and industries, particularly regional industries synthetically in order to develop the curriculum in the vocational training. The curriculum shall be planned on a basis of the data. As for the data related to the local community, it needs to develop new programs considering the prospect of demand of manpower by the industry, necessary knowledge, technology and attitudes, particularly considering the occupational category available in the employment with a bright prospect hereafter. Also, the contents to improve in the existing curriculum(a change of technology, a form of facilities for experimentㆍpractice, and a type of continuing & further education) shall be investigated and analyzed objectively. Accordingly, this study is to develop the curriculum more systematically in order to foster the character designer specially who to engage in the character industry that increases its role and expectation all the more with the development of animation industries and the extension of markets now. The purpose of this study is to decrease the estrangement between the school education that has been problems and the practical affairs in the field, to foster the special manpower that can satisfy the industries demand.