• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.31-42
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• 1999

To investigate the effects of the composts made of sewage sludges on the physico-chemical properties of soil and growth of paddy rice, the variations of chemical properties in soil, the contents of inorganic matters and heavy metals in plant tissues, the contents of heavy metals in brown rice, the growth response of paddy rice and grain yield were investigated. The results were summarized as follows : The contents of organic matters, N, available $P_2O_5$ and exchangeable K in soil were increased by application of the composts. The contents of N and available $P_2O_5$ in soil were remarkably decreased at the harvesting time in comparing with the 20th day after application of the composts. The contents of heavy metals in soil were increased very slightly by application of the com-post. At the harvesting time, the contents of N and K were not varied in all plant tissues at the plot of the compost in comparing with the plot of the NPK. The content of $P_2O_5$ in plant was increased by application of the composts. The contents of heavy metals in plant tissues and brown rice were not changed among the treatments. When the composts were applied to the pot at the rates of 1,000, 2,000, 4,000 and 6,000kg/10a with NPK, the numbers of grain yield were increased with 3, 18, 44 and 54% in comparing with NPK plot, respectively. Dry weight, the numbers of tillers and spikelet of the rice plant were increased by application of the composts.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.299-301
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• 2003

광미와 오염된 토양에 함유되어 있는 중금속 원소는 존재형태에 따라서 환경에 미치는 영향의 차이가 있다. 그러므로 중금속 원소의 존재형태를 규명하여 물리화학적 환경변화에 따른 중금속의 거동을 예측하고자 Tessier et al. (1979)의 방법을 이용하여 연속추출을 수행하였다. 청양광산과 서보광산의 광미를 비교하면, As와 Co는 두 광산 모두 잔류형태로 안정화되었다. Cd과 Zn은 서보광산의 광미가 청양광산의 광미보다 잔류형태가 더 우세하였다. Pb는 서보광산의 광미가 양이온교환형태로 존재하는 함량이 높고 청양광산의 광미도 양이온교환과 탄산염광물의 형태로 존재하는 함량이 높아 오염 확산의 우려가 있다. 서보광산의 오염된 토양의 경우, As, Co, Cd, Cu및 Zn는 대체로 안정한 형태였으나, Pb는 산화환경에서 불안정한 형태로 존재하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.42 no.8
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• pp.1270-1276
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• 2013

Laver, a red algae belonging to the genus Porphyra tenera, is one of the most widely consumed edible seaweeds in Korea, China, and Japan. Lavers are usually consumed in dried, roasted, and seasoned forms to improve their palatability. We evaluated the composition of amino acids, minerals, and trace heavy metals in these three differently cooked forms of laver. The moisture and ash contents of three differently cooked lavers ranged from 1.49~9.69% and 6.07~10.31%, respectively. The crude protein and lipid content ranged from 17.24~36.88% and 0.52~42.42%, respectively. Dried laver was found to be a good source of amino acids such as taurine, alanine, and glutamic acid (871.10 mg, 833.53 mg, and 719.77 mg per 100 g dry weight, respectively). Laver was a good source of macro and micro minerals such as K, Ca, Mg, Na, P, I, and Fe, although laver more extensively cooked (roasted and seasoned) contained less minerals compared to the dried form. Mercury levels in the three differently cooked forms of laver were all less than 100 ng/g dry weight (the limit of detection with our methodology). The levels of arsenic were the most abundant elements in the differently cooked laver. There was a clear variation, depending on the cooking process, in terms of amino acid, mineral, and trace metal contents of laver.

• Proceedings of the KSEEG Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.226-229
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• 2003

산업이 발달하고 도시화가 진행됨에 따라 다양한 형태의 중금속들이 인위적으로 생성, 배출되며 이들은 대기, 물 등의 이동 매체를 통하여 대기권, 수권, 토양권을 포함하는 지구화학적 환경으로 광범위하게 분산된다 이러한 중금속은 토양 오염 및 수질오염을 유발시키며 특히 토양과 분진 중의 중금속오염은 심각한 환경 오염현상 중의 하나이다. 도시에서의 분진 및 토양에 산재된 중금속류의 성질은 산업활동량, 인구밀집도, 자동차, 폐기물 등에 따라 그 원인이 다양하다. (중략)

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.119-126
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• 2000

충남 사문암 지역인 광천, 홍성, 백동, 대흥 및 유구지역의 토양, 식물체(참억새, 쑥, 리기다소나무) 및 지표수, 갱내수의 중금속 함량을 분석한 결과 사문암 토양의 Ni, Cr 및 Co 원소가 변성암 토양에 비하여 10~13배높았으며 이 원소들이 serpentine factor로 생각된다 사문암 지역간에는 이들원소의 차이가 뚜렷하지 않았다 변성암 토양식물에서보다 사문암 토양 식물에서 Ni, Cr, Co등이 높았다 리기다소나무의 원소 흡수량은 비교적 낮았고 3종 식물에서 대체로 뿌리의 원소 함량이 지상부 함량보다 높았으며 사문암 토양에서는 Ni, Cr, Co, Mo, Sc, As 및 Fe 원소들이 쑥보다 참억새에서 높았다 사문암 토양에서 생육하는 식물체 지상부의 생물학적 흡수계수는 Ni, Cr, Co, Zn, Sc, As 및 Fe 원소는 참억새에 높고Zn은 쑥에서 높았다,. 사문암 토양에서 뿌리로부터 지상부로의 원소 전이는 Ni, Cr, Co, Zn As 및 Fe 원소에 대해 쑥에서 높았고 Mo와 Sc 원소는 리기다소나무에서 높았다. 따라서 사문암 토양에서 참억새가 중금속의 흡수율은 높고 중금속에 대한 내성은 강할 것으로 사료된다 대흥지역에서 광산의 오염이 지표수 및 갱내수의 Ni. Cr, Co, Zn 및 Fe 등의 원소 농도를 높게 하였으며 비오염 계류는 오염계류의 원소 농도를 희석시켰다.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.38-44
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• 2002

The effect of lime on plant availability of heavy metals in soils amended with industrial sewage sludge (ISS) or pig manure compost (PMC) was investigated. A pot experiment with Altari radish (Raphanus sativus) was conducted. Industrial sewage sludge and Pig manure compost were added at 25 and 50 Mg/ha, and lime was added at 3 Mg/ha. Heavy metal contents of ISS treated soils after experiment were higher than those in control (NPK plot) and PMC treatment. Specially, the contents of copper, zinc, nickel and chromium in the 50 Mg/ha of ISS treated soils were higher 12$\sim$48 times than those in control. Copper, zinc, and nickel contents in Altari radish leaves cultivated at the ISS treated soil exceeded the critical levels of plant toxicity. Copper, zinc, and nickel contents in Altari radish loaves and roots cultivated at the ISS treated soil were reduced by the addition of lime. Copper, zinc, and nickel contents in Altari radish loaves were negatively correlated with soil pH after experiment. It concluded that liming would reduce the uptake of heavy metals by plants and be a temporary method of reclamation at the highly heavy metal accumulated soils by ISS.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.694-700
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• 2018

To investigate the effect of heavy metals (Cu, Cd, Hg, Pb, Zn) on mosquito Culex pipiens, 50% lethal concentration ($LC_{50}$) concentration, total lipid content, lipid content composition, and total protein content were measured. The results showed that the Hg $LC_{50}$ was $0.45mg\;kg^{-1}$ and the Hg toxicity was higher than the other metals. The results also showed that cadmium (Cd) significantly retarded the growth of mosquito larvae among the tested heavy metals. Six types of lipid bands were isolated from mosquito samples exposed to heavy metals, and five of them were identified (phospholipid, cholesterol, fatty acid, triglyceride, and cholesterol ester). The total lipid content of all treatments decreased compared to the control. In addition, the protein content of the control group ($0.51mg\;ind.^{-1}$) was higher than that of the treated group, and the protein content of the larvae treated with Hg and Cd was very low. In conclusion, heavy metals not only lower the survival rate of mosquitoes, but also affect the protein content and lipids in the mosquito's body, thereby causing growth inhibition. These results indicate that heavy metal contamination will affect the size of mosquito population by inhibiting the survival and growth of mosquitoes, and it is expected that it can be used to measure the degree of contamination using mosquito through subsequent studies.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.25-32
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• 1999

In order to examine the degree of heavy metal pollutions around Samcheonpo and Youngkwang power plants, marine sediment samples were analyzed to determine heavy metal contents. Some of these sediment samples were also analyzed by using of a sequential extraction technique to know geochemical forms of the metals. The results showed that the spatial distribution of heavy metals coincided very well with those of mean grain size, carbonates and organic matters. The chemical speciation data using sequential extraction analysis also showed that a considerable amount of heavy metals except for Mn were bounded in the residual fraction, which mode of occurrence of heavy metals was generally interpreted as being the result of the lithogenic origin.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.446-452
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• 2010

Five year term study from 2002 to 2006 was carried out to examine the effects of continuous long-term application of swine liquid manure on soil chemical properties including heavy metal contents and yield of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) and cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) in a greenhouse. Treatments were conventional chemical fertilizers and three types of swine slurry; Slurry composting and biofiltration (SCB), Thermophilic aerobic oxidation (TAO), and Bio-mineral water (BMW). Total nitrogen level of the SCB, TAO, and BMW was 0.47%, 0.09%, and less than 0.01%, respectively. The heavy metal contents of the three liquid manures were much lower than the Korean regulation level. The soil phosphorus, potassium, and heavy metal contents after five year continuous application of swine slurry were not significantly higher than those of chemical fertilizer use. Contents of heavy metals in leaves of the crops did not show significant difference among treatments. The levels of copper and zinc, plant essential elements, in leaves were in the range of optimum plant growth. Yields of tomato and cucumber for swine liquid manures were not significantly different from that of chemical fertilizer. The results implied that the three types of swine slurry may not deteriorate soil chemical properties including phosphate and trace elements in greenhouse soils when they are applied as a basal fertilization at a recommended nitrogen rate based on soil testing.

• The Journal of Natural Sciences
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.65-75
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• 2008

This research was conducted to determine heavy metal contents of soil and tree in pear orchard located near national road with heavy traffics. Topsoil (0-15 cm depth) and subsoil (15-30 cm) samples in pear orchard located within 40 m from national road had higher Pb, Cu, and Zn contents than background orchard (BG) and these heavy metal contents decreased with distance from road. Topsoil samples taken at 10 m from national road had 4 times higher level in Pb, 3 times in Cu, and 2.5 times in Zn compare to BG. The Cd contents of topsoil in orchard were higher than those of BG but were not in subsoil. Highest heavy metal contents of pear leaves in roadside orchard were 20.08 in Pb, 7.02 in Cu, 30.83 in Zn, and $1.68\;mm.kg^{-1}$ in Cd and these heavy metal contents in roadside orchard were higher than BG. Cd contents of fruit and Pb contents of fruit stalk in roadside orchard were higher than BG and these heavy metal contents decreased with distance up to 40 m from the road.