• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2022.06a
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• pp.193-194
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• 2022

자율운항선박은 제4차 산업혁명 시대의 핵심기술인 사물인터넷과 빅데이터, 인공지능 등이 집약된 미래 고부가가치 선박으로 주목받고 있는 반면, 실제 선박 운항 중 많은 위험요소들로 선박 안전상의 우려가 제기되고 있다. 해양교통에 있어 안전규제는 해사안전 증진 및 해양사고 위험성을 최소화하기 위한 중요요소라고 할 수 있으며, 자율운항선박 시대에서도 동일하게 작용할 것으로 보인다. 이에 자율운항선박 시대 준비를 위한 안전규제의 재정립은 선박의 안전운항을 위한 안전관리체계 정비를 위한 핵심사항이라고 할 수 있으며. 최근 국내·외에서 논의되고 있는 자율운항선박 운항을 위한 규제 개발 역시 중요한 의미를 가진다. 본 논문에서는 자율운항선박 운용을 위한 안전규제체계 개선을 위해 실제 상용화를 앞둔 자율주행자동차 안전위험 이슈 분석 사례를 기반으로 자율운항선박 운용에 따른 안전위험 이슈를 도출했다. 이러한 결과는 자율운항선박의 운용을 위한 규제 개발 논의 시점에서 향후 자율운항선박의 상용화 및 안전규제체계 마련을 위한 기초자료로 활용 할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2023.05a
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• pp.116-118
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• 2023

자율주행차가 제공하는 새로운 시장과 경쟁력, 인력 및 시간 절약, 교통 체증 문제 해결 등의 장점을 다루고, UN 사이버 보안 법률에 따른 자율주행차의 기술적인 요구사항을 준수해야 한다. 하지만 자율주행차에 대한 기술적인 요구사항을 준수하는 것으로는 모든 사이버 공격에 대해서 막을 수 없다. 자율주행차의 법적 요구사항과 사이버 보안 위협에 대처하는 방법을 다룬다. 특히 RTOS(Real Time OS)와 같은 실시간 시스템에 매우 위험할 수 있는 DRAM(Dynamic Random Access Memory)에 대한 로우해머링 공격 기법에 대해 분석하고 로우해머링에 대한 보안 방법을 제시한다. 그리고 자율 주행 시스템의 안전과 신뢰성을 보장하기 위해 하드웨어 기반 또는 소프트웨어 기반 방어 기술을 소개하고 있다.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.361-369
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• 2019

With the commercialization of the ADAS functions, the need for the experience of the autonomous driving system is increasing, and the role of the artificial intelligence agent is attracting attention. This study is an autonomous driving experience experiment that verifies the effect of self-efficacy and agent embodiment. Through a simulator experiment, we measured the effect of existence of self-efficacy and agent embodiment on social presence, perceived risk, and perceived ease of use. Results show that self-efficacy had a positive effect on social presence and perceived risk, and agent embodiment negatively affected perceived ease of use. Based on the results of the study, we proposed guidelines for agent design that can increase the acceptance of the semi-autonomous driving system.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.983-988
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• 2009

When the railway vehicle passing through curves & transitions, the running speed must improve by proposing the practical standard about maximum running possibility speed of each section on existing line considering running safety. In this paper, when the railway vehicle passing through curves of actual track conditions (Namsunghyun-Chungdo up & down lines), the effect that has influence on running safety is examined to devise the high speed of vehicle which passing through curves which risk of derailment is high. The running safety analysis is performed that running speed by curve radius improves 5-20% compared with existing speed under actual track conditions. In result of the running safety analysis, in case the speed condition is fewer than 15% compared with existing speed, the derailment coefficient and unloading ratio are within acceptable level. so we could confirm possibility of speed improvement on the whole Namsunghyun-Chungdo up & down lines.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.91-102
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• 2019

Autonomous vehicles can be exposed to severe danger when failure occurs in any of its components. For this reason many countries are making efforts on the legislative issue how to objectively evaluate failure safety of an autonomous vehicle when such a vehicle is commercially available to a customer in the near future. In level-3 automation, a driver must take over the control of his vehicle when failure occurs, and the driver's controllability must be secured for escape from the imminent danger. In this paper, quantitative methods have been developed for evaluating failure safety of the level-3 autonomous vehicle, and they were validated by simulation. And also, we confirmed that the proposed evaluation method can quantitatively evaluate the failure safety.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.51-65
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• 2018

Intentional aggressive driving (IAD) is defined as a hazardous driving event that the aggressive driver intentionally threatens neighbor drivers with abrupt longitudinal and lateral maneuvering. This study developed a methodology for detecting IAD events based on the analysis of interactions between aggressive driver and normal driver. Three major aggressive events including rear-close following, side-close driving, and sudden deceleration were analyzed to develop the algorithm. Then, driving simulation experiments were conducted using a multi-agent driving simulator to obtain data to be used for the development of the detection algorithm. In order to detect the driver's intention to attack, a relative evaluation index (Erratic Driving Index, EDI) reflecting the driving pattern was derived. The derived IAD event detection algorithm utilizes both the existing absolute detection method and the relative detection method. It is expected that the proposed methodology can be effectively used for detecting IAD events in support of in-vehicle data recorder technology in practice.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.38-50
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• 2018

Emerging automated driving environments will lead to a mixed traffic flow depending on the interaction between automated vehicles (AVs) and manually driven vehicles (MVs) because the market penetration rate (MPR) of AVs will gradually increase over time. Understanding the characteristics of mixed traffic conditions, and developing a method to control both AV and MV maneuverings smoothly is a backbone of the traffic management in the era of automated driving. To facilitate smooth vehicle interactions, the maneuvering of AVs should be properly determined by various traffic and road conditions, which motivates this study. This study investigated whether the aggressiveness of AV maneuvering, defined as automated driving aggressiveness (ADA), affect the performance of mixed traffic flow. VISSIM microscopic simulation experiments were conducted to derive proper ADAs for satisfying both the traffic safety and the operational efficiency. Traffic conflict rates and average travel speeds were used as indicators for the performance of safety and operations. While conducting simulations, level of service(LOS) and market penetration rate(MPR) of AVs were also taken into considerations. Results implies that an effective guideline to manage the ADA under various traffic and road conditions needs to be developed from the perspective of traffic operations to optimize traffic performances.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.11-22
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• 2018

The safety of tunnels is quantified by quantitative risk assessment when planning the disaster prevention facilities of railway tunnels, and it is decided whether they are appropriate. The purpose of this study is to estimate the probability of the train stopping in the tunnels at train fire, which has a significant effect on the results of quantitative risk assessment for tunnel fires. For this purpose, a model was developed to calculate the coasting distance of the train considering the coefficient of train running resistance. The probability of stopping in case of train fire in the tunnel is predicted by the Monte Carlo simulation method with the coasting distance and the emergency braking distance as parameters of the tunnel lengths and slopes, train initial driving speeds. The kinetic equations for predicting the coasting distance were analyzed by reflecting the coefficient train running resistance of KTX II. In the case of KTX II trains, the coasting distance is reduced as the slope increases in a tunnel with an upward slope, but it is possible to continue driving without stopping in a slope downward. The probability of the train stopping in the case of train fire in tunnel decreases as the train speed increases and the slope of the tunnel decreases. If human error is not taken into account, the probability that a high-speed train traveling at a speed of 250 km/h or above will stop in a tunnel due to a fire is 0% when the slope of the tunnel is 0.5% or less, and the probability of stopping increases rapidly as the tunnel slope increases and the tunnel length increases.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2023.11a
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• pp.1106-1107
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• 2023

자율주행 선박의 기술 발전에 따라 적대적 공격에 대한 위험성이 대두되고 있다. 이를 해결하기 위해 본 연구는 다양한 신경망 모델을 활용하여 적대적 공격을 탐지하는 성능을 체계적으로 비교, 분석하였다. CNN, GRU, LSTM, VGG16 모델을 사용하여 실험을 진행하였고, 이 중 VGG16 모델이 가장 높은 탐지 성능을 보였다. 본 연구의 결과를 통해 자율주행 선박에 적용될 수 있는 보안모델 구축에 대한 신뢰성 있는 방향성을 제시하고자 한다.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.251-261
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• 2019

The importance of autonomous driving systems that utilize V2X services such as V2V(Vehicle to Vehicle) and V2I(Vehicle to Infrastructure) for safer and more comfortable driving is increasing with the recent development of autonomous vehicles. Partly autonomous vehicles based on environmental sensors have limitations for predicting and determining areas beyond the recognition distance of the mounted sensors and in response to atypical objects that are difficult to detect. Therefore, it is important to utilize the V2X service to improve the limit of sensor detection performance and to make driving safer and more comfortable. However, there may be an accident risk of autonomous vehicles due to incorrect information provided by V2X. Thus, the application of technology to prevent this needs to be considered. In this pater, we used the ISO-26262 Part3 Process and performed HARA (Hazard Analysis and Risk Assessment) to derive the risk sources of autonomous vehicles due to V2I malfunctions by using the communication between vehicles and infrastructure among V2X. We also developed ASIL ratings based on the simulations and real vehicle tests of the malfunctions of major cases of usnig V2I.