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Hazard Analysis of Autonomous Vehicle due to V2I Malfunction

V2I 오작동에 의한 자율주행자동차의 위험성 분석

  • Ahn, Dae-ryong (Cooperative Automated Vehicle Research Center, Korea Automotive Technology Institute) ;
  • Shin, Seong-geun (Cooperative Automated Vehicle Research Center, Korea Automotive Technology Institute) ;
  • Baek, Yun-soek (Cooperative Automated Vehicle Research Center, Korea Automotive Technology Institute) ;
  • Lee, Hyuck-kee (Cooperative Automated Vehicle Research Center, Korea Automotive Technology Institute)
  • 안대룡 (자동차부품연구원 자율협력주행연구센터) ;
  • 신성근 (자동차부품연구원 자율협력주행연구센터) ;
  • 백윤석 (자동차부품연구원 자율협력주행연구센터) ;
  • 이혁기 (자동차부품연구원 자율협력주행연구센터)
  • Received : 2019.11.18
  • Accepted : 2019.12.03
  • Published : 2019.12.31

Abstract

The importance of autonomous driving systems that utilize V2X services such as V2V(Vehicle to Vehicle) and V2I(Vehicle to Infrastructure) for safer and more comfortable driving is increasing with the recent development of autonomous vehicles. Partly autonomous vehicles based on environmental sensors have limitations for predicting and determining areas beyond the recognition distance of the mounted sensors and in response to atypical objects that are difficult to detect. Therefore, it is important to utilize the V2X service to improve the limit of sensor detection performance and to make driving safer and more comfortable. However, there may be an accident risk of autonomous vehicles due to incorrect information provided by V2X. Thus, the application of technology to prevent this needs to be considered. In this pater, we used the ISO-26262 Part3 Process and performed HARA (Hazard Analysis and Risk Assessment) to derive the risk sources of autonomous vehicles due to V2I malfunctions by using the communication between vehicles and infrastructure among V2X. We also developed ASIL ratings based on the simulations and real vehicle tests of the malfunctions of major cases of usnig V2I.

최근 자율주행자동차의 개발이 활발하게 진행되면서 더욱 안전하고 쾌적한 주행을 위해 V2V, V2I 등 V2X 서비스를 활용하는 자율주행시스템의 중요성이 높아지고 있다. 환경 센서에 기반한 부분 자율주행자동차는 장착된 센서의 인식 거리를 벗어나는 영역에 대한 예측 및 판단과 센서가 검지하기 힘든 비정형 물체에 대한 대응에 한계가 있다. 따라서 센서 검지 성능의 한계를 개선하고 보다 안전하고 쾌적한 주행을 위한 V2X 서비스 활용은 중요하다. 하지만 V2X의 잘못된 정보 제공으로 인한 자율주행자동차의 사고 위험도 존재할 수 있어 이를 방지하기 위한 기술의 적용 또한 고려되어야 할 것이다. 본 논문에서는 ISO-26262 Part3 프로세스를 활용하고 HARA를 수행하여 V2X 중에서 차량과 인프라의 통신을 활용한 V2I 오작동에 의한 자율주행자동차의 위험원을 도출하고 주요 V2I 사용례의 오작동 시뮬레이션 및 실차 시험을 기반으로 ASIL 등급을 산정하였다.

Keywords

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