• Review of KIISC
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.31-40
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• 2023

차량 기술의 발전으로 커넥티드 및 자율주행 차량 환경과 같은 차량 기술의 발전은 운전자에게 편의와 안전을 위한 기능을 제공한다. 하지만 이러한 장점들에도 불구하고 사이버 공격의 다양한 취약점 노출되어 있다. 최근까지 자동차 내부 네트워크로써 가장 널리 사용되는 통신기술인 CAN(Controller Area Networks) 통신은 대부분 차량의 동력을 담당하는 역할을 하다보니, 보안 문제의 중심에 서게 될 수 있다. 다양한 이기종 네트워크에서 구성된 가상화 기반의 사이버 훈련 프레임워크에 대해 설명하고자 한다. 이러한 사례 연구는 차량에 대해 물리적인 실험 환경에서의 모의침투와 같은 테스트가 어렵고, 보안과 안전이 함께 고려되어야 하는 특수성을 가진 차량 내부 네트워크의 사이버 훈련 프레임워크 설계에 도움을 줄 것이다. 본 논문에서는 가상화 개발환경 구축 사례 조사, 가상화 개발환경 구현과 차량의 공격 시나리오 및 탐지 프레임워크의 동향을 설명한다.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.202-210
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• 2019

This paper evaluated the performance of passenger vehicles with an AEB(Autonomous Emergency Braking) for various pedestrian-vehicle collision situations. The experiment was conducted at a speed of 30-60km/h on a 2017 3,000cc vehicle using a range of collision scenarios. The results showed that the test vehicle stopped before crashing a pedestrian dummy under all scenarios at 30km/h. The test vehicle reduced the speed but crashed the pedestrian dummy in all scenarios at 40-60km/h. From the paired t-test, there was a speed difference from the AEB system at a significant level of 0.05. In addition, the percentage of speed reduction was quite different for each scenario tested. It was concluded that the current AEB system can prevent pedestrian collisions at speed of 30km/h, but cannot prevent collisions with pedestrians at speed of 40-60 km/h.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.511-524
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• 2017

This study aims to evaluate the availability of ABM (Active-Based Model), FEATHERS, as a policy evaluation tool. To achieve the goal, scenario analysis on flexible working policy was conducted to measure its impact on activity-travel behavior. As a consequence, there seems no significant change in worker's daily life, other than mitigating traffic congestion due to decreasing commuting travel in the rush hour. The result of VKT (vehicle kilometers traveled) shows an opposite pattern according to given household/individual constraints. The scenario analysis on telecommuting indicates a decreasing trend in both travel frequency and distance because of the diminished number of commuting trips. As the activity space of telecommuters is shifted to a residential area, there are more short-distance trips by using non-motorized transport, which leads to decrease in VKT (using a private vehicle). Thus, the sensitivity of VKT by population groups varies due to transport mode shift (between personal and another mode) and growing non-work trips (using a private mode). This study found few things. First, it is necessary to evaluate the details of policy impact by population groups since it can be varied depending on household/individual characteristics. Second, the case study shows a promising performance of ABM as policy measurement that provides reality in policy evaluation. Third, ABM allows us to do more accurate analysis (i.e. time-series analysis by population groups) of policy assessment than those of FSM (Four-Step Model). Lastly, a further effort in data collection, literature review, and expert survey should be made to enhance the accuracy and confidence of future research.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.71-78
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• 2018

Transportation is gradually changing into the era of V2X and autonomous cars. Accurate judgement of traffic conditions is an important indicator of route choice or autonomous driving. There are many ways to use probes car such as taxis, as a way to identify accurate traffic conditions. These methods may vary depending on the characteristics of the probe vehicle, and there is a problem with the cost. The V2X vehicle can solve these problems and collect traffic information in real time. If all vehicles are of V2X vehicle, these issues are expected to be resolved briefly. However, if the communication information of a V2X vehicle is represented by a traffic representative in a traffic with only V2X, the traffic information of some V2X vehicles will be able to collect traffic information. To accomplish this, a virtual network and transport were created and various scenarios were performed through SUMO simulations. It has been analyzed that 3-5 % of V2 vehicles are capable of representative the road traffic characteristics. In the future, various follow-up studies are planned.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.37-45
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• 2011

The main objective of this study is two-fold: 1) to analyze the effect of PG technology application on road user's satisfaction and driving speed, and 2) to investigate the relationship between driver's subjective workload level and their reactions related to the PG technology application. Based on the result of field observation, the experimental scenario for driving simulation study was prepared. The experimental results showed that drivers were more satisfied to the road condition with PG technology applied, and even the pattern of speed reduction was more stable than control condition. The pattern of speed reduction along driver's subjective driving workload level were slightly different by physical road condition, and road user's satisfaction was revealed to be negatively correlated with their subjective driving workload level. This result indicates that depending on situation and driver characteristic, information for the drivers could be nothing more than nuisance that just distracts drivers. In order to facilitate the implementation of PG technology in Korea, further study on related human factors, especially for those who are weak in traffic situations, is recommended.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.9-23
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• 2015

A lane change maneuver which has a high driver cognitive workload and skills sometimes leads to severe traffic accidents. In this study, the Advanced Lane Change Assist System (ALCAS) was developed to assist with the automatic lane changes in merging sections which is mainly based on an automatic control algorithm for detecting an available gap, determining the Optimal Lane Change Start Point (OLCSP) in various traffic conditions, and positioning the merging vehicle at the OLCSP safely by longitudinal automatic controlling. The analysis of lane change behavior and modeling of fundamental lane change feature were performed for determining the default parameters and the boundary conditions of the algorithm. The algorithm was composed of six steps with closed-loop. In order to confirm the algorithm performance, numerical scenario tests were performed in various surrounding vehicles conditions. Moreover, feasibility of the developed system was verified in microscopic traffic simulation(VISSIM 5.3 version). The results showed that merging vehicles using the system had a tendency to find the OLCSP readily and precisely, so improved merging performance was observed when the system was applied. The system is also effective even during increases in vehicle volume of the mainline.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.423-430
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• 2019

The convergence of the automotive industry and the ICT technology can be broadly divided into the commercial service sector and the Cooperative-ITS (C-ITS) service sector. The C-ITS service sector is using V2X communication technology as a field that aims to provide safer transportation, more green and efficient transportation, and more predictable and productive mobility. The recent convergence of self-driving cars and connected cars requires high data rates, low transmission delays, and low transmission error rates. Interest in comparison of performance between WAVE and C-V2X (LTE-V2X, 5G-V2X) has been amplified and application services by communication technology are being studied. In this paper, we design the application performance evaluation method of Hybrid V2X communication system and confirm that the decrease of packet error rate (PER) performance is caused by the increase of communication distance, not the vehicle speed.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.161-168
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• 2022

After the corona virus, as non-face-to-face services are activated, domain services that guarantee integrity by embedding sensing information of the Internet of Things (IoT) with block chain technology are expanding. For example, in areas such as safety and security using CCTV, a process is required to safely update firmware in real time and to confirm that there is no malicious intrusion. In the existing safe security processing procedures, in many cases, the person in charge performing official duties carried a USB device and directly updated the firmware. However, when private blockchain technology such as Hyperledger is used, the convenience and work efficiency of the Internet of Things environment can be expected to increase. This article describes scenarios in how to prevent vulnerabilities in the operating environment of various customers such as firmware updates and device changes in a non-face-to-face environment. In particular, we introduced the optimal blockchain technique for the Internet of Things (IoT), which is easily exposed to malicious security risks such as hacking and information leakage. In this article, we tried to present the necessity and implications of security management that guarantees integrity through operation applying block chain technology in the increasingly expanding Internet of Things environment. If this is used, it is expected to gain insight into how to apply the blockchain technique to guidelines for strengthening the security of the IoT environment in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.209-219
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• 2013

Epidemiological models on disease spread attempt to simulate disease transmission and associated control processes and such models contribute to greater understanding of disease spatial diffusion through of individual's contacts. The objective of this study is to develop an agent-based modeling(ABM) approach that integrates geographic information systems(GIS) to simulate the spread of FMD in spatial environment. This model considered three elements: population, time and space, and assumed that the disease would be transmitted between farms via vehicle along the roads. The model is implemented using FMD outbreak data in Andong city of South Korea in 2010 as a case study. In the model, FMD is described with the mathematical model of transmission probability, the distance of the two individuals, latent period, and other parameters. The results show that the GIS-agent based model designed for this study can be easily customized to study the spread dynamics of FMD by adjusting the disease parameters. In addition, the proposed model is used to measure the effectiveness of different control strategies to intervene the FMD spread.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.129-140
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• 2018

In this study, we analyzed the electric vehicle (EV) purchasing behavior with market segmentation in Seoul using the binary logit model. For the model estimation, the experimental design of SP survey generated 24 scenarios with purchase price, charging station availability, and driving range of EVs. The results of market segmentation analysis indicated that the owners of subcompact and compact size cars were primarily affected by the purchasing price while those of mid and full size cars were more sensitive to the charging station availability. By housing type, the charging station availability was the most important factor for the residents of apartment while the purchase price was the most important factor to choose the EVs. These results presented that the EV supply strategy of the automobile manufacturer should be diversified according to the marketing target and the expansion of the public charging infrastructure should be the top priority in the government policy.