• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.104 no.1
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• pp.60-66
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• 2015

This study was conducted to determine the effects of seed storage method ($-20^{\circ}C$, $2^{\circ}C$ dry, $2^{\circ}C$ wet 30 days, $2^{\circ}C$ wet 60 days, stratification and room temperature) and shading treatment(control, 50%, 80%) on seed germination, seedling growth of endangered species, Iris dichotoma and Iris setosa. As a result, seed germination rate of I. dichotoma was the highest at 75% when seed were stored at $2^{\circ}C$ wet 60 days and then sown under non-shading condition. The seed of I. dichotoma belong to intermediate seed. Seed germination rate of I. setosa was the highest at 95% when seed were stored at $2^{\circ}C$ wet 60 days and then sown under 80% shading condition. The seed of I. setosa belong to recalcitrant seed. Seedlings of I. dichotoma and I. setosa showed not only the best seedling quality but also seedling vigor index in seed stored at $2^{\circ}C$ wet 60 days under non-shading condition, with the growth characteristics of plant height (6.4, 7.2 cm), number of leaves (3, 4), leaf width (4.6, 3.2 mm), leaf length (5.7, 6.8 cm), fresh weight (aerial/root part; 144/260, 97/153 mg), dry weight (aerial/root; 31/20, 17/17 mg) and seedling vigor index and modified seedling vigor index (13,895/9,479, 13,256/8,668). In this research, I. dichotoma and I. setosa seed were stored at $2^{\circ}C$ wet 60 days, and then sown in non-shading condition, seed germination rate was more than 75%, 90%, respectively, and production of superior quality seedlings.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.327-337
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• 2022

Ecological restoration is considered a good means to prevent biodiversity loss in terms of the ecosystem's health and sustainability. However, there are difficulties in putting it into practice as there is no comprehensive and objective standard for the selection of plant species, such as environmental, ecological factors, and restoration goal setting. Therefore, this study developed an evaluation index necessary for selecting plant species for restoration using the Delphi method that synthesizes the opinions of the expert group. A survey with 38 questionnaires was conducted twice for experts in ecological restoration, etc., and the importance and priority of evaluation indicators were analyzed by dividing the restoration targets into inland and island regions. The result of the importance analysis showed that "native plants" had the highest average of 4.9 among the evaluation indices in both inland and island regions, followed by "seed security", "propagation", and "root growth rate". In the inland region, the index priority was analyzed in the order of "native plants", "appearance frequency", "root growth rate", "distribution range", and "seed security" in the island region, it was analyzed in the order of "native plants", "root growth rate", "appearance frequency", "distribution range", and "tolerance", showing slight differences between the two indicators. As a result of the importance and priority indicator analysis, we set the mean importance and priority of 4.1 and 2.9, respectively, in the inland region and 4.2 and 2.9, respectively, in the island region. As for the criteria of selecting plant species for ecological restoration, the "native plants" had the highest importance and priority. "Seed securing", 'viability", "topography", "proliferation", "tolerance", "soil conditions", "growth characteristics", "early succession", "distribution range", "appearance frequency", and "germination rate" were classified into subgroups of low importance and priority. The lowest indicators were "final stage of succession", "transition period", 'transition stage", "root", "reproduction", "soil", "appearance", "technology", "landscape", "climate", and "germination rate". We expected that the findings through objective verification in this study would be used as evaluation indicators for selecting native plant species for ecological restoration.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.207-214
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• 2017

There is little information about the seed longevity of wild plants, although seed bank storage is an important tool for biodiversity conservation. This study was conducted to predict the seed viability equation of Agastache rugosa. The A. rugosa seeds were stored at moisture contents ranging from 2.7 to 12.5%, and temperatures between 10 and $50^{\circ}C$. Viability data were fitted to the seed viability equation in a one step and two step approach. The A. rugosa seeds showed orthodox seed storage behaviour. The viability constants were $K_E=6.9297$, $C_W=4.2551$ $C_H=0.0329$, and $C_Q=0.00048$. The P85 of A. rugosa seeds was predicted to 152 years under standard seed bank conditions. The P85 predicted by seed viability equation can be used as basic information for optimization of seed storage processes.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.32-37
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• 1994

This experiment was conducted to obtain the basic information for the increase ofgermination percent by the seed diameter, specific gravity, different grain filling period and stratification in Bupleurum falcatum seeds. The seed size of B.falcatum ranged from 2.0 to 3.9mm in diameter, The large seed showed the higher germinability, The optimum specific gravity of salt selection for seed screening was 1.05 resulting in screening out seeds with high germinability over 70%.The seeds needed grain filling period for 60 days or longer after flowering to keep high germinability The optimum period of stratification treatment to promote seed germination was about 80 days.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.256-262
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• 2017

BACKGROUND: Seed of perilla (Perilla frutescens var. japonica Hara) is short-lived in conventional storage conditions. For long-term conservation of plant species, cryopreservation is the method currently available. This study was performed to find out reliable methods for a long-term storage of seeds of perilla as a genetic resource. METHODS AND RESULTS: Using seeds of 9 perilla cultivars, the effects of desiccation, aging, and cryopreservation on seed germinability and ascorbate peroxidase activity in the seeds were investigated. Initial germinability of the seeds was various, and dry seeds of all cultivars survived cryopreservation without loss of viability. The highest germination was achieved at 4-5% moisture content, and stimulatory effect of cryogenic temperature on the seed germination was observed in some cultivars. Accelerated aging of perilla seeds led to reduction in germination and ascorbate peroxidase activity, and the susceptibility of seeds to aging was different among the tested cultivars. No significant difference in germination was observed for the aged seeds of control and liquid nitrogen exposed. CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggest that cryopreservation at 4-5% moisture content would be a suitable method for long-term conservation of perilla seeds without detrimental effects on germination.

• The Journal of Natural Sciences
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.65-70
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• 1993

The objectives of this research are to survey the utilization types of radish and its adapted cultivars and to investigate the desirable traits in Japan. Many types of radish cultivars which hold diversified characteristics have been released according to the cropping type. Qualities and shape demanded in Japan was very different from Korean type radish cultivars. To meet the rapid require ment of our radish seed in Japan, we have to take the following measurements urgently: (1) to breed higher quality cultivars adapted for the utility of radish, (2) to secure various genetic resources of radish and (3) to develop cultivars resitant to specific pests and pathogens.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.287-293
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• 1987

To find out the effects of seed maturity and seeding rate of two planting times on the seed emergence and silage and seed yields of rye, a local variety 'Paldanghomir' harvested 30 and 45 days after heading(DAH) were planted at five seeding rates on October(optimum) and November(late) in 1985. At the optimum planting, number of seedlings per unit area and number of tillers per plant were affected by seeding rate, but not by the seed maturities. However, at the late planting, number of seedlings per unit area and number of tillers per plant wer higher in the seed harvested 45 DAH, and they were not correlated with seeding rate in both seeds harvested 30 and 45 DAH. Heading date was 2 or 3 days earlier in the seeds harvested 45 DAH in both planting times. Silage yield was higher at the optimum planting and increased as seeding rate increased in both planting times. Number of spike and 1000~seed weight were higher at the optimum planting than late planting and higher in the seed harvested 45 DAH than 30 DAH in late planting, but were not different among seeding rates. Seed yield at optimum planting showed no difference between seed maturities and among seeding rates, and recommandable seeding rate was 600 seeds per $m^2$. At late planting the seed yield of the seed harvested 45 DAH in the seeding rate over 750 seeds per $m^2$ approached to the yield of the optimum planting. The seed harvested 30 DAH was unstable because of extremely low emergence rate and yield even at the higher seeding rate in late planting. planting.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2021.04a
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• pp.28-29
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• 2021

애기똥풀(Chelidonium majus L. subsp. asiaticum H.Hara)의 지상부는 백굴채라고 불리며 항암, 항균 등의 효능을 가지고 있어 예로부터 약용으로 이용되었다. 그러나 천연 약용소재로 개발가치가 높음에도 불구하고 실생묘의 대량 확보를 위한 종자번식 관련 연구가 전무한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 애기똥풀의 발아 및 휴면 특성을 분석함으로써 추후 종자번식을 위한 기초자료를 제공하기 위해 수행되었다. 실험재료로 사용된 애기똥풀 종자는 2019년 6월 경상북도 봉화군에서 채종하였으며 정선 후 건조상태로 실온(25℃)에 보관하였다. 종자의 1000립중은 0.57±0.01g이며, 배종비는 0.21±0.12로 조사되어 형태적으로 미성숙한 배를 가지고 있다. 종자의 활력은 테트라졸륨 검정을 통해 79%로 확인되었다. 종자의 기본 함수율은 7.64±0.25%였으며, 침지 2일 차에 최대함수율(32.6±0.34%)에 도달하였다. 초기 발아검정은 25/15℃ (light/dark, 16/8h)챔버에서 명조건과 암조건으로 구분하여 30일간 진행하였으며, 암조건은 알루미늄 호일로 광을 완전히 차단하고 최종 발아율만 조사하였다. 발아율을 조사한 결과, 명조건은 0.75±0.80%, 암조건은 5.50±1.55%로 조사되어 형태적인 휴면과 생리적인 휴면을 모두 갖는 것으로 판단하였다. 애기똥풀의 생태적인 환경을 고려하여 12주의 Summer temperature(S12, 25/15℃, 16/8h)로 층적하고 연속하여 Autumn temperature(A, 15/10℃, 16/8h)를 4주(A4)와 8주(A8)로 달리하여 종자의 휴면타파를 유도하였다. 층적 후 발아율은 모두 증가되었으며, S12-A4(54%)는 S12-A8(24.5%)에 비해서 휴면타파에 효과적이었다. 휴면타파 효과의 증진을 위해 층적처리한 종자를 500ppm의 GA₃와 GA₄₊₇에 각 24시간동안 4℃에서 침지시킨 뒤 동일한 조건에 파종하였다. GA₃가 처리된 S12-A4는 발아율이 82.0%, S12-A8는 30.8%로 유의적으로 증가하였으나 GA₄₊₇ 처리는 S12-A4(48.5%)와 S12-A8(21.3%)에서 발아율 향상 효과가 없었다. 결론적으로 애기똥풀의 휴면타파를 위해서 12주의 Summer temperature와 4주의 Autumn temperature 변온층적과 추가 GA₃ 처리가 휴면타파를 위한 효과적인 처리방법으로 판단된다.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.71-76
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• 2015

Developed countries have set seed industry as a new growth engine, which demands strong support from the government. Multinational seed companies such as Monsanto and DuPont have made huge financial investment to secure their major roles in the global market. To spur domestic seed industry performance, Korean government laid out the foundation for developing seed industry through policy promotion in the late 2000s. In this paper, I look at the current state of the domestic and international seed market to provide information for improving the efficiency of the propulsion of the Golden Seed Project (GSP) along with its vision. The increasing size of global giant companies has been regarded to monopolize the world seed industry wherein ten renowned companies occupy 73% of the overall global market. In effect, this causes a price hike due to limited seed choices. Domestic seed market has been stuck in a range due to a sustained low agricultural production resulting in decreased seed demand and market size. Though breeding technologies for rice and vegetables are world-class, the technologies for top global crops such as cabbage, paprika, and forage are insufficient therefore professionals in this field are not easily employed. Moreover, there is a lack in appropriate infrastructure set up in the universities which adds to ineffective training of professionals. Being a key-supporting industry for agriculture, seed industry should be granted with strong and sustainable investment support from the government. In view thereof, GSP, which started in 2012, ambitions to spur researches outlined by excellent professionals in universities and seed companies aimed to drive seed export volume and quality and attain domestic seed self-sufficiency through adoption of export- and import-substitution seed types (10 varieties each) development strategies. To develop Korea's seed industry excellent achievement of GSP's goals should be drawn successfully and to do this beside development of high quality seeds, support programs for promotion of seed exports are also needed.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.105-107
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• 2010

This study was carried out to find specific characters of the seed morphology and anatomy of Korean Eranthis in Ranunculaceae. As a result, E. byunsanensis differs with E. stellata on the basis of presence of unicellular hairs on the seed surface. E. stellata has no unicellular hairs on its seed surface. On the other hand, E. byunsanensis bears such unicellular hairs derived from epidermal cells of the seed surface. Besides other morphological characters used when it was published as a new species, the presence of unicellular hairs on the seed surface strongly supports it as an endemic species of Korea. In addition, to compare the seed morphology of E. pinnatifida and E. pungdoensis, for which mature seeds were not available at this time, an additional study should be conducted in near future.