DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Current status of global seed industry and role of golden seed project in Korea

국내외 종자산업의 현황과 GSP사업의 역할

  • Shin, Wan Sik (Korea Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries)
  • 신완식 (농림수산식품기술기획평가원)
  • Received : 2015.04.26
  • Accepted : 2015.04.27
  • Published : 2015.06.30

Abstract

Developed countries have set seed industry as a new growth engine, which demands strong support from the government. Multinational seed companies such as Monsanto and DuPont have made huge financial investment to secure their major roles in the global market. To spur domestic seed industry performance, Korean government laid out the foundation for developing seed industry through policy promotion in the late 2000s. In this paper, I look at the current state of the domestic and international seed market to provide information for improving the efficiency of the propulsion of the Golden Seed Project (GSP) along with its vision. The increasing size of global giant companies has been regarded to monopolize the world seed industry wherein ten renowned companies occupy 73% of the overall global market. In effect, this causes a price hike due to limited seed choices. Domestic seed market has been stuck in a range due to a sustained low agricultural production resulting in decreased seed demand and market size. Though breeding technologies for rice and vegetables are world-class, the technologies for top global crops such as cabbage, paprika, and forage are insufficient therefore professionals in this field are not easily employed. Moreover, there is a lack in appropriate infrastructure set up in the universities which adds to ineffective training of professionals. Being a key-supporting industry for agriculture, seed industry should be granted with strong and sustainable investment support from the government. In view thereof, GSP, which started in 2012, ambitions to spur researches outlined by excellent professionals in universities and seed companies aimed to drive seed export volume and quality and attain domestic seed self-sufficiency through adoption of export- and import-substitution seed types (10 varieties each) development strategies. To develop Korea's seed industry excellent achievement of GSP's goals should be drawn successfully and to do this beside development of high quality seeds, support programs for promotion of seed exports are also needed.

선진국들은 종자산업을 국가 신성장 동력산업으로 설정하여 정부차원의 지원을 강화하고 있으며, 글로벌 종자기업은 세계의 종자시장을 선점하기 위하여 종자개발분야에 막대한 예산을 투자하고 있으며, 우리나라도 2000년대 후반 들어 국내종자산업 발전을 위한 정책 추진을 통해 종자산업 육성을 위한 토대를 형성하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 국내외 종자시장 현황을 살펴보고 이에 따른 GSP사업의 역할에 대한 전망을 통해 GSP 사업 추진의 효율성을 제고해 보고자 한다. 세계 종자산업은 글로벌 거대 기업의 대형화로 인하여 독점체제를 형성하고 있어 상위 10개 종자기업이 전체 시장의 73%를 점유하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 종자업체의 대형화는 종자선택에 대한 제약으로 인하여 가격상승을 불러일으키는 부작용을 초래할 것으로 보여진다. 국내 종자시장은 농업생산량 감소로 인하여 정체상태가 유지되고 있으며, 전반적인 국내 농업생산량의 축소에 따른 종자수요 감소로 인하여 국내 종자시장 규모의 정체와 업체의 영세성과 채소, 벼등 일부 특정품목에 대한 육종기술은 세계적인 수준이나 양배추, 파프리카 및 사료작물 등 글로벌 품종의 육종기술이 상대적으로 취약하고 국내 종자기업들의 신규 전문인력 채용은 거의 이루어지지 않고 있으며, 대학 등의 종자관련 전문인력 양성에 대한 인프라가 부족하여 우수한 육종 전문가 양성이 미흡한 실정이다. 따라서 종자산업은 농산업의 핵심으로 국가의 기간산업을 지탱하는 원천 산업으로서 국가정책적으로 우선순위가 매우 높은 만큼 미래성장 산업으로 정부의 지속적인 투자가 뒷받침되어야 할 것이다. 이에 대한 일환으로 GSP 사업을 추진을 2012년부터 야심차게 추진하고 있으며, 수출전략형 종자개발(10개 품목)과 수입대체 종자개발(10품목)을 통해 수출과 국내 종자자급율 확보를 목표로 종자관련 기업체와 대학 및 연구소의 우수한 전문인력이 투입되어 종자개발연구에 매진하고 있다. 우리나라 종자산업의 발전을 위해서는 GSP 사업의 우수한 성과가 반드시 도출되어야 할 것이며, 이를 위해서는 품종개발 단계외에 종자 수출에 대한 별도의 지원 프로그램 추진이 필요하다.

Keywords

References

  1. Kang SJ (2012) Training measures of seed business of major crops of Jeju region, Korea Seed Association
  2. Kim MJ (2014) Current situation and study of measures to improve the international competitiveness of Korea seed, Dongguk University master's thesis
  3. Kim EJ, Yun SJ, Kwon YK (2014) Effectively study the ecosystem of seed development R & D technology commercialization, Korea Science and Technology Evaluation and Planning Institute
  4. Kim SJ (2014) Export expansion measures of the Korean vegetable seed industry, Kyungpook National University graduate school master's thesis
  5. Kim HT (2012) Outlook of current situation and growth of domestic and international seed industry, KB Industry report
  6. Park KW (2014) Trends and prospects of the world's seed market, World Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries food industry trends report No. 161, South Korea Rural Economic Institute
  7. Park HT, Park KW (2013) Challenge for the seed industry leap, Agricultural policy focus No. 46, South Korea Rural Economic Institute
  8. Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (2013) Golden Seed project business one step comprehensive plan
  9. Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (2014) Golden Seed project business two step comprehensive plan
  10. Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (2015) Golden Seed project business three step comprehensive plan
  11. Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (2015) Development of efficient strategy of seed industry support project.
  12. Agriculture, Forestry and Livestock food section (2014)
  13. ISF(International Seed Federation) (2012)
  14. ETC Group (2011) Who will control green economy

Cited by

  1. Identification of an SNP variation of elite tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) lines using genome resequencing analysis vol.57, pp.2, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13580-016-0132-7
  2. Development of Non-Destructive Sorting Technique for Viability of Watermelon Seed by Using Hyperspectral Image Processing vol.36, pp.1, 2016, https://doi.org/10.7779/JKSNT.2016.36.1.35