• Journal of Christian Education in Korea
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• v.66
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• pp.11-48
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• 2021

This paper is a thesis that explored the necessity and possibility of spiritual teaching that forms the inner side of human beings in the age of AI where objective knowledge is prevalent, focusing on "contemplative pedagogy". For this it first examined the characteristics of objective epistemology of AI and the direction of school education in the AI and explored the necessity and character of spirituality and spiritual teaching as a request for the AI era, and also explores the possibility of realization of spiritual teaching in general school setting through contemplative pedagogy, which actually puts this into practice. As a result of the study, it found that spiritual teaching is not exclusive to a specific area such as religious studies or theology, but is a teaching that should be embodied in all schools and educational fields in today's era where third person knowledge is widespread. It also found that in addition to contemplative teaching, various spiritual teaching models need to be developed and put into practice for this purpose.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.12
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• pp.439-449
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• 2020

This study aimed to identify factors influencing the preferences for end-of-life (EOL) care among undergraduate nursing students. In this cross-sectional study, data were collected from December 2017 to February 2018. This study included 217 undergraduate nursing students. Factors influencing the preference for 'autonomous physiological decision-making' were the following: education level(by grade), having biomedical education, attitude towards death, and attitude towards life-sustaining treatments (LSTs). Preference for 'decision-making by healthcare professionals' was related to having a religion. Factors influencing the preference for 'spirituality' were education level, having a religion, and academic major satisfaction. Preference for 'pain control' was associated with education level, experience with dying patients, bad self-rated health, attitude towards death, and attitude towards LSTs. The study findings suggest that education regarding LSTs, EOL care, and EOL decision-making in nursing curricula is essential.

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.143-164
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• 2022

It is not an exaggeration to say that our society is already one of disputes. Since circa 2010, the average number of lawsuits filed every year is upwards of six million cases, and resolving disputes through trials is already fully saturated. The functional roles of the court reflect that there are many lacking areas such as systems, tools, and procedures related to social integration. In addition, ADR, which is carried out in advanced capitalist nations to supplement the judicial functions, has also been implemented in our society for the past 60 years. However, for the reason why the usage rate of ADR did not increase for legal consumers, we cannot overlook government activities that did not make sufficient promotions related to the lack of awareness. In Korea, ADR is mainly composed of government-initiated types, and in particular, there is no ADR framework act that can play an integrated role. Furthermore, for the conciliation system of the court, over 80%of conciliation are conducted focusing on court of lawsuits, and legal basis and procedures between institutes are different for administrative ADR, and communication does not go smoothly, thus making it inefficient. Such examples cannot avoid being a background for criticism when considering the fundamental ideologies and beliefs of ADR. The Vinaya Pitaka of sangha related to ADR is a separate method for operating communities. This is the BDR (Buddhist Dispute Resolution) method that encompasses personal ethics, organizational ethics, harmony through various community gatherings, and adhikaranasamatha on the four issues that could occur in legal review procedures. This has become the sufficient background for succession and development for parisa sangha and gana sangha among individuals.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.601-608
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• 1999

1960년대와 70년대 초기 미국은 인도의 음악, 철학, 종교, 복식 등, 다양한 문화 양식에 관하여 강한 관심을 나타냈고 이는 청년층의 반문화적 행동유형에 의해 시작되어 전반적인 사회계층으로 확산된 문화현상의 한 예로 설명되었다. 이에 본 논문은 Gentlemen's Quarterly 와 Sears and Roebuck Co. Catalgue를 이용하여 수집된 자료를 내용분석법으로 처리하여 미국 남성복에 나타난 인도복식의 영향과 사회계층별 차이점에 관한 실증적인 연구를 시도하였다 연구결과에 따르면 이 시기의 미국 남성복식에 보여진 인도의 영향은 주로 네루 스타일의 복식(Nehru jacket/suit Nehru collar Nehru hat)과 Indian sandal과 jewelry tie-dye와 madras로 의복 직물 악세서리등 다양하게 나타났다 그러나 인도복식으로부터 받은 영향의 내용과 정도는 사회계층에 따라 그 차이가 뚜렷하여 중류층에서는 제한된 종류의 스타일의 단기간 동안 채택되었으나 상류층에서는 다양한 스타일이 비교적 오랜 기간동안 지속되었던 것으로 밝혀졌다 이러한 결과는 중류층의 남성복식이 새롭고 비관습적인 스타일의 채택에 대하여 보수적인 양상으로 띠는 것으로 해석된다. 더불어 인도복식의 영향이 1968년을 절정으로 나타남으로서 이시기의 사회변화가 복식에도 그대로 반영되고 있음으로 보여주고 있다

• MALSORI
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• no.62
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• pp.133-147
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• 2007

In this paper, we introduce a phone vector discrete HMM(PVDHMM) that decodes a phone sequence string, and demonstrates the applicability to spoken document retrieval. The PVDHMM treats a phone recognizer or large vocabulary continuous speech recognizer (LVCSR) as a vector quantizer whose codebook size is equal to the size of its phone set. We apply the PVDHMM to decode the phone sequence strings and compare the outputs with those of a continuous speech recognizer(CSR). Also we carry out spoken document retrieval experiment through PVDHMM word spotter on the phone sequence strings which are generated by phone recognizer or LVCSR and compare its results with those of retrieval through the phone-based vector space model.

• MALSORI
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• no.49
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• pp.135-144
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• 2004

In this paper, we make a study of classification normal from abnormal - normal, asthma through analysis of thoracic sound to take use thoracic sound detection system. Thoracic sound detection system has a function to store thoracic sound and analyze the data. The wave shape of thoracic sound is similar to noise and is systematically generated by inhalation and exhalation breathing, therefore, in this paper, to classify asthma sound in thoracic sound, we could discriminate between normal and abnormal case using level crossing rate(LCR) and spectrogram energy rate.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.31-41
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• 1990

It is difficult to detect such flaws as stress-corrosion cracking or corrossion wastage(loss of bolt diameter) in the threads. In many cases the critical size of a flaw is very small(1-2mm order). This paper describes how it is possible to discriminate small flaw indications in threads using the time difference of thread signals [TDTS] by a signal-conditioning technique.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.60-65
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• 1998

전화기의 선택 및 제어 신호는 직류 임펄스의 수에 의한 방법을 사용하였으나 현재 는 복합 주파수 방식을 널리 사용하고 있으며, 음성을 이용한 서비스들도 복합 주파수 방식 에 의해 제공되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 전화기의 복합 주파수 신호를 한글 자소로 변환하는 번호판 매핑 방법을 제시하였으며, 이 방식을 이용하여 상용되는 음성 정보 서비스의 검색 코드 입력 방식을 재구성해 보았다. 즉, 여러 가지 서비스에서도 한글 문장을 사용할 수 있 음을 보였다. 또한, 전화 통화시 사용되는 문장을 번호판 매핑 방식을 적용하여 구성함으로 써 전화기에서의 문장 편집 및 문장 정보 교환의 가능성을 보였다.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.3-10
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• 1998

본 논문에서는 음소단위 PSOLA 한국어 합성을 LSP line의 조절과 자모음 분석을 통해서 실시하였다. 음성합성에서 많이 사용하는 triphone, diphone, demisyllable등과 같은 합성단위들은 자연스러운 합성음을 위해 다양한 음운환경에서 수집된다. 그러나, 이런 방법 은 많은 시간과 메모리가 요구된다. 본 논문에서는 합성단위로서 자음17개, 모음 16개로 총 33개의 음소를 이용하였다. 자음은 후위모음/이/인 CV에서 segment되고, 모음은 단음절의 단모음과 이중모음을 1인의 화자로부터 합성데이터를 수집하였다. 또한, 10명의 화자가 발성 한 CV에서 각 모음에 따라 변하는 자음의 주파수를 분석하였고, CV+VC 또는 CV+CV에서 각 자음에 따라 변하는 모음의 포먼트변화를 분석하였다. 분석결과를 토대로 모음은 LSP line을 조절해서 PSOLA합성을 하고, 자음은 합성하려는 모음과 결합하였다. 그 결과 6개의 합성단어에 대한 청취율은 65%를 보였다.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.19 no.8
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• pp.63-67
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• 2000

This paper deals with text-prompt speaker recognition based on dynamic time warping (DTW). The Genetic Algorithm was applied to the creation of reference patterns for suitable reflection of the speaker characteristics, one of the most important determinants in the fields of speaker recognition. In order to overcome the weakness of text-dependent and text-independent speaker recognition, the text-prompt type was suggested. Performed speaker identification and verification in close and open set respectively, hence the Genetic algorithm-based reference patterns had been proven to have better performance in both recognition rate and speed than that of conventional reference patterns.