• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 2019.10a
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• pp.514-518
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• 2019

기존의 교차 도메인 추천은 일반적으로 서로 다른 도메인 데이터의 지식 결합이나 지식 공유를 바탕으로 진행된다. 이러한 방식들은 최소 한 개 이상의 도메인 데이터가 필요해서 모든 도메인의 피드백 데이터가 없는 실제 서비스 초기 상황에는 적합하지 않을 수 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 서비스 초반 모든 도메인의 피드백 데이터가 없고 콘텐츠 데이터만 존재하는 상황에서 교차 도메인 추천 시스템을 효과적으로 시작하기 위해 텍스트 임베딩, 클러스터링, 프로파일링 및 콘텐츠 기반 필터링을 활용한 추천 시스템 구성을 제안하고자 한다. 평가를 위해 여행지, 지역 축제, 공연을 포함하는 문화 관광 데이터와, 이에 대한 사용자 프로파일링 결과를 바탕으로 추천을 진행하였다. 그 결과, 콘텐츠 임베딩에 대한 유사도를 시각화하여 교차 도메인 아이템 간 유사성을 확인할 수 있었고, 사용자별 추천 결과를 통해 제안한 교차 도메인 추천 시스템이 유의미하게 동작함을 보였다.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 2023.10a
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• pp.295-300
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• 2023

대화 데이터와 같은 데이터는 사람이 수작업으로 작성해야 하기 때문에 데이터셋 구축에 시간과 비용이 크게 발생한다. 현재 대두되고 있는 Large Language Model은 이러한 대화 생성에서 보다 자연스러운 대화 생성이 가능하다는 이점이 존재한다. 이번 연구에서는 LLM을 통해 사람이 만든 적은 양의 데이터셋을 Fine-tuning 하여 위키백과 문서로부터 데이터셋을 만들어내고, 이를 통해 문서 검색 모델의 성능을 향상시켰다. 그 결과 학습 데이터와 같은 문서집합에서 MRR 3.7%p, 위키백과 전체에서 MRR 4.5%p의 성능 향상을 확인했다.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 2023.10a
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• pp.672-676
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• 2023

지식 추적 (knowledge tacing)은 주어진 학습자의 과거 문제 해결 기록을 기반으로 학습자의 지식 습득 정도를 파악하여 목표 문제에 대한 정답 여부를 예측하는 것을 목표로 한다. 이전 연구에서는 이진 분류 기반의 모델을 사용하여 정답 유무만 예측하였기 때문에 학습자의 답변에 존재하는 정보를 활용하지 못한다. 최근 연구에서는 이를 생성 태스크로 변환하여 컴퓨터과학 분야에서 프로그래밍 질문에 대한 지식 추정을 수행하는 open-ended knowledge tracing (OKT)이 제안되었다. 하지만 최적의 OKT 모델에 대한 연구는 진행되지 않았으며 따라서 본 논문에서는 시간에 따라 변화하는 학습자의 지식 상태에 따라 답변 생성을 조정하는 새로운 OKT 방법론을 제안한다. 실험을 본 논문에서 제안하는 방법론의 우수성과 효율성을 증명한다.

• 사회경제평론
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.165-201
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• 2018

According to F. Nietzsche and A. N. Whitehead, the fatal error of the modern Western ontology is to mistakenly assume that the structure of reality is the same as the structure of language, and to misplace the fictional linguistic subject as a realistic subject. This fictional concept of the subject is the concept of person. This paper will analyze how this fictional concept of person forms the basis for the development of modern finance. The historical period and place of analysis of the paper is England in the late 17th century. At this time and place, the modern form of banking began, and the concept of person was developed philosophically by English intellectuals, especially by John Locke. And at the same time, joint-stock companies and the English nation state acquired their independent abstract personhood. The fictional concept of person has reduced social relations to "exclusive property rights" and "creditor-debtor relations," and this reduction forms the ontological basis of modern finance. In modern finance where property rights and creditors' rights are mixed, property owners excercise exclusive property rights but avoid responsibility for the exercise by being transformed to creditors. Furthermore, property owners' privilege were extended when the modern groups-joint-stock companies and the nation state-who are endowed with eternal and independent personhood are reduced to debtors for the property owners.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.14 no.8
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• pp.77-90
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• 2020

Today, the transition to the era of "post-drama" brought a change in the position of text, which was considered the center of the play, and the expansion of the role of actors. After entering the post-drama era, the actor no longer transforms himself into "delivering" the fixed meaning of text, but "producing" the valid meaning of "now, here" meeting the audience. In other words, actors in the post-drama era have expanded their roles as "performers" who can become the subject of narratives themselves and create various theatrical languages. Despite the expansion of the actor's role, verbal-centered actor training through text, which still forms the basis of acting education, does not satisfy the newly changing contemporary theatricality and creates a gap between education and the field. Therefore, the researcher argued that non-verbal-centered acting education needs to be discussed, and highlighted the actors' physical training on the "empty" side. The researchers first compare and analyze the characteristics of modern theater people's training methods from an "empty" perspective. Based on this, researchers about the meaning and direction of the training "empty". Furthermore, the study concludes with an emphasis on the direction of acting education in the post-drama era, which is free from language that can respond to stimuli and interact freely.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.25 no.11
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• pp.27-40
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• 2020

In this paper, we investigate the correlation between the amount of English sentences that Korean English learners (L2ers) are exposed to and their sentence processing patterns by examining what Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) language models (LMs) can learn about implicit syntactic relationship: that is, the filler-gap dependency. The filler-gap dependency refers to a relationship between a (wh-)filler, which is a wh-phrase like 'what' or 'who' overtly in clause-peripheral position, and its gap in clause-internal position, which is an invisible, empty syntactic position to be filled by the (wh-)filler for proper interpretation. Here to implement L2ers' English learning, we build LSTM LMs that in turn learn a subset of the known restrictions on the filler-gap dependency from English sentences in the L2 corpus that L2ers can potentially encounter in their English learning. Examining LSTM LMs' behaviors on controlled sentences designed with the filler-gap dependency, we show the characteristics of L2ers' sentence processing using the information-theoretic metric of surprisal that quantifies violations of the filler-gap dependency or wh-licensing interaction effects. Furthermore, comparing L2ers' LMs with native speakers' LM in light of processing the filler-gap dependency, we not only note that in their sentence processing both L2ers' LM and native speakers' LM can track abstract syntactic structures involved in the filler-gap dependency, but also show using linear mixed-effects regression models that there exist significant differences between them in processing such a dependency.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.46
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• pp.411-434
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• 2017

With emphasis on various local cultures to confront the Western central culture, Ngugi wa Thiong'o proposes them 'to move horizontally' so as not to repeat the oppressive culture of the West. We need not only dialogues between dominant languages and peripheral languages, but also between marginal languages. With respect to this point, Ngugi thinks that translation itself could be very effective. Ngugi wants to stimulate writing and speaking in marginalized languages and promote translation as a means of making these languages visible. He regards translation as a conversational tool among languages and cultures in the multicultural global community. As is already well known, his determination to write his later works only in his native Gikuyu language has a great meaning in his anti-colonial as well as anti-neocolonial movement. Its proof is his recent effort to cooperate with Jalada Africa. Simon Gikandi criticized the English translation of Matigari as a denial of cultural hegemony of Gikuyu language and its subordination to the global cultural market. However, the concept of 'thick translation', helps us move from Gikandi's doubt of the 'epistemology of translation' to a meaningful strategy of postcolonial translation. Facing some of the scholars' doubts related to his over-stressing language problem, Ngugi points out that the world has managed to function well through translation: the possibility of translation between cultures and translation as a mediating tool for communication nationally as well as internationally. Based on this two-sided solution of translation, he believes that we can overcome the opposition between relativity and universality, center and periphery, and the dominant and the subordinate.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.243-250
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to discuss the implicit meaning of advertising content with highly persuasive language formats from a communication perspective and its interpretation process in relation to communication education, while simultaneously developing interpretative codes for media literacy education in modern society. For a successful discussion, I assumed the narrative content of advertising content that implements a special purpose as a general conversational act, and raised the issue anew that regularity exists for implicit semantic expressions. It also said that in order for media literacy education in the present society to proceed correctly, linguistic interpretations of implicit meaning cannot be guided as a principle of communication in prior research. As a solution, we confirm that socio-cultural sharing knowledge and recognition are essential interpretation codes. For further discussion, the analysis of advertising media languages with special purposes in terms of language usage was conducted to verify the process of interpreting the implicit meaning shown in them. After analyzing the implicit advertising language that I arbitrarily typified, I found that the linguistic meaning implicit with the intention of persuading the speaker can be provided mostly as media literacy education as a framework for analysis by various information and cognitive effects. In other words, acceptors should not perform only literal interpretations in the process of interpreting the implicit meaning inherent in the media language. If guided by including native language materials and background knowledge, socio-cultural customs, and general common knowledge, efficient media literacy education can be expected.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.57-67
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• 2019

This study aimed to investigate regional differences in the development of speech production in Korean children. A total of 619 children aged 2 to 7 years from the Jeolla, Seoul/Gyeonggi, Chungcheong, and Gyeongsang areas were included in this study. The subjects were assessed with the UTAP2 word-level test. In PWC, PMLU, and PWP, the performance was significantly lower in Gyeongsang at 2 years 11 months and in Jeolla and Chungcheong at 3 years 5 months than in Seoul/Gyeonggi. The total PCC of Gyeongsang and Chungcheong and UTAP PCC of Chungcheong were significantly lower at 2 years 11 months compared with those of Seoul/Gyeonggi, while Jeolla and Chungcheong showed significantly lower total PCC and UTAP PCC than Seoul/Gyeonggi at 3 years 5 months. However, no regional difference was observed in any indicators after the age of 3 years 6 months. These results suggest that there are regional differences in the ability to produce speech sounds at a very young age, and that the differences can be explained by the differences between Seoul/Gyeonggi and the other provinces rather than by the individual characteristics of specific regions.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2004.10b
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• pp.529-531
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• 2004

웹 상에는 많은 자원들과 정보들이 존재한다. XML은 이러한 자원들과 정보들을 구조화하기 위해서 개발되었다. XTM(XML Topic Maps)은 XML의 형태로 자원들과 정보들에 의미를 부여할 수 있는 언어이다. XTM은 Topic과 Association을 이용해서 자원들과 정보들이 가진 의미를 표현한다 XTM상에서 나타나는 Topic과 Association은 매우 거대하고 다양하기 때문에 모든 Topic과 Association을 한꺼번에 표현하기 어렵다 또한, 사용자가 수백만개의 Topic과 Association에서 원하는 Topic과 Association을 찾기 어렵다. 따라서 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위해서 다양한 시각화 방법이 연구되었다. 현재 Topic Maps을 표현할 때 트리, 그래프, 맵 등 하나의 구조를 이용해서 표현한다. 하지만 추상화정도에 따라 시각화 방법은 장ㆍ단점을 지닌다. 본 논문에서는 웹 상의 자원, 정보들과 의미 사이에 여러 계층이 존재하는 다층적 시각화를 제안한다. 각 계층은 독립적인 표현구조로 나타내어 추상화정도에 따라 최적화된 구조를 사용한다. 사용자는 자신이 원하는 Topic과 Association을 점진적 접근을 통해서 원하는 Topic과 Association을 검색할 수 있다. 또한 Topic이 Association의 member처럼 사용되는 경우, 시각적으로 Topic이 표현되면 Topic은 연결된 Association과 직접적인 연결을 갖는다.