• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.158-169
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• 2014

In the context of $CO_2$ mitigation, how early reduction action taken by individual companies previous to the actual regulated period is implemented at the free allocation process, remains one of the major issues. This article considered efficiency factor as a criterion for the early action. Then the emissions allowance allocated was compared and analyzed with and without the consideration of early action. In the cases of manufacturing sectors of Korea for the period 2001~2009, it is shown that emissions in the all industries fell by their efficiency factors. The amounts of emissions allowance allocated to the all industries except petro-chemistry are increased when EA is counted in the allocation process.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.16 no.1 s.49
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• pp.15-21
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• 2007

In order to solve problems of global warming, many policies and measures has been implemented in various countries. In January 2005, the European Union Emission Trading Scheme officially started. In order to take it into action, the EU ETS stated that all members must submit the national allocation plan including the national's total allowances, allowances for installations, reserve for new entrants, etc. In the process of this decision-making, it was also stated that problems related with early action should be solved by each member state at its option. This paper is a study on necessity of compensation for early action and its limitation of its practices. With a comparative study on dealing with early action in the key nations including Germany, the Netherlands and United Kingdom, we can get insights and strategies for effective processes of dealing with early action and the direction for harmonizing data collection and allocation rules.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.23-37
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• 2007

Background: Even though cervical cancer poses a significant global cancer burden, successful implementations for early detection offer an opportunity to prevent deaths and reduce the cancer burden. In Korea, cervical cancer is the most prevalent type of cancer among adult women, but it is one of the few cancers in which a consensus-approved screening test exists for early diagnosis, Pap test, that can be combined with highly efficacious treatment regimens for early-stage disease. Purpose: This study was carried out to identify the cognitive-behavioral factors associated with cervical cancer screening behavior among adult women, aged 40 to 59, and to develop tailored messages and to evaluate the effectiveness of stage-matched educational program. Method: A total of 283 women who aged 40 years or older was recruited in Seoul, from September, 1st to November, 14th, 2003. The intervention group (N=162) and the control group (N=121) were selected from five sub-districts in Seocho-gu, Seoul. Building on the TTM, a quasi-experimental study was conducted to test the effectiveness of stages-matched intervention addressed at the five stages of cervical cancer screening behavior. Women in the intervention group were randomly assigned to one of two conditions, internet or postal services. Results: In our results, 88.9% of participants had received a Pap test at least once in their life-time, and 65.4% had got it in the past two years. With regard to cognitive-behavioral factors, the stages-matched educational program increased attitude and process of change for cervical cancer screening. The percentage changed was the largest in maintenance stage. With regard to delivery methods for tailored messages, the print materials were more effective at increasing screening adherence than the e-mail. Whereas the postal service group showed remarkable the change of behavior stage, the internet service group did not. Also it was not shown any difference of the satisfaction with stages-matched educational program between internet and postal service groups. Conclusion: This study suggested that cervical cancer screening behavior could be changed by tailored messages which had developed with cognitive-behavioral factors. The stages-matched educational program was effective to promote the screening adherence for cervical cancer.

• Korean Public Health Research
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.1-13
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• 2018

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to explore the subjective experiences of problem drinkers participating in the early intervention program for moderate alcohol drinking. Methods : A qualitative descriptive study design was used. Data were collected through individual interviews with thirteen problem drinkers and analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Results : The experiences of the problem drinkers participating in the early intervention program were derived from four themes and nine sub-themes in terms of awareness, alcohol expectancies, perceived self-efficacy and behavioral change. They participated in programs offered in the workplace, and there were differences in motivation level among individuals, but generally accepted the necessity of the program. Participants who had trust with the program provider were more likely to change drinking behavior. Conclusion : Problem drinkers who participated in the early intervention program showed that it is a useful approach to change the problem drinking behavior by promoting awareness of alcohol-related knowledge, motivation for change through acquiring enough information and acquisition of self-efficacy as a behavior skill. These findings can be used as basic information for implementing and adapting early intervention for prevention of alcoholism in primary health care setting including workplace.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.7
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• pp.375-387
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• 2018

This study investigates the factors that induce the early adoption of environmentally friendly vehicles. We measure the affective, cognitive, and behavioral factors influencing the early adoption intentions of car owners in three countries (the US, Germany, and Japan). We find that affective and cognitive factors are significant, but behavioral factors are only partially significant. Specifically, eco-centric values and knowledge about green technology are significant in explaining early adoption intent. However, of the behavioral factors, usage context is significant, whereas commute distance is not significant in explaining early adoption intent. Finally, between-country differences indicate that any policy to increase the adoption of environmentally friendly vehicles should be fine-tuned for each country.

• Electronics and Telecommunications Trends
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• v.22 no.2 s.104
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• pp.114-123
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• 2007

국내 이동전화 무선인터넷 시장은 성장기와 도약기를 동시에 맞이하고 있다. 이동전화무선인터넷은 이동전화 지불 ARPU의 19%를 상회할 정도로 급성장을 거듭해 왔으며HSDPA와 와이브로의 광대역 무선인터넷으로 도약이 추진되고 있다. 이에 국내 무선인터넷의 지속적인 성장을 위해서는 사업자의 적극적 투자, 가치사슬 전 영역에서의 참여, 킬러 서비스의 개발을 통해 광대역 무선인터넷으로 가입자의 조기 전환이 핵심 관건이 된다. 이에 본 고에서는 시장조사 결과를 바탕으로 국내 이동전화 무선인터넷 가입자의 광대역 무선인터넷으로의 전환행동을 전망하고 전환행동에 영향을 주는 요인들을 규명하고자 하였다. 그리고 결론에서는 국내 광대역 무선인터넷이 조기에 활성화되기 위한 방향을 제언하였다.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.9-21
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• 2018

Objective : This systematic review aimed to evaluate the global literature on the effect of early intervention for preschool children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Methods : A literature search of the PubMed database identified 10 studies published up to December 2017, using the following search terms: autism, autism spectrum disorder, ASD, high-function autism, high-function ASD, Asperger syndrome, pervasive developmental disorder, PDDNOS, intervention, and early intervention. Results : Early intervention for children with ASD used Applied Behavior Analysis in 8 of the 10 selected studies. The other two studies used a Sensory Integration approach and Technology-based intervention. Most studies reported positive effects on communication skills, social interaction skills, intelligence, adaptive behavior, and improved attention through early intervention. Conclusions : These results suggested a basis for early intervention for children with ASD. Further research is needed to determine the effectiveness of early intervention.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.2 no.11
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• pp.795-800
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• 2013

Early detection of oestrus in Korean cows is one of the important issues in maximizing the economic benefit. Although various methods have been proposed, we still need to improve the performance of the oestrus detection system. In this paper, we propose a video surveillance system which can detect unusual behavior of multiple cows including the mounting activity. The unusual behavior detection is to detect the dangerous or abnormal situations of cows in video coming in real time from a surveillance camera promptly and correctly. The prototype system for unusual behavior detection gets an input video from a fixed location camera, and uses the motion vector to represent the motion information of cows in video, and finally selects a SVDD (one of the most well-known types of one-class SVM) as a detector by reinterpreting the unusual behavior into an one class decision problem from the practical points of view. The experimental results with the videos obtained from a farm located in Jinju illustrate the efficiency of the proposed method.

• 월간산업보건
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• s.264
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• pp.5-11
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• 2010

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.35-44
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• 1995

본연구의 목적은 아동의 환경의식과 처분행동을 조사하여 환경문제에 대한 아동의 역할을 조명하고 조기환경교육의 기초자료를 제공하는데 있다 조사도구는 질문지를 이용하 였고 분석방법은 SAS통계프로그램을 이용하였다 환경의시과 처분행동의 차이는 ANOVA와 Tukey test를 지역간(도시, 농촌)의 차이는 t-test 와 $\chi$2 검정을 사용하였다 분석에 이용된 자료는 도시 311부 농촌 299부로 총 610부였다 본연구의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다 1) 도시와 농촌간의 환경의식은 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없이 모두 높게 나타났다 2) 인구통 계변수에 따른 환경의식은 생활수준과어머니의 교육수준이 높을수록 높았으며 주거형태별로 는 아파트 거주자가 높게 나타났다 3) 도시와 농촌간의 처분행동은 유의적인 차이를 보였는 데 도시 지역이 높게 나타났다 4) 인구통계변수에 따른 처분행동은 환경의식과 마찬가지로 소득과 어머니의 교육수준이 높을수록 높았으며 아파트 거주자와 종교가 있느 아동이 높게 나타났다 이러한 결과는 환경을 고려하는 행동양식의선행변수가 교육임을 재확인해주었다