• Journal of Life Science
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.504-508
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• 1998

A study was conducted to evaluate a protein removal characteristics by foam separation. The foam separator was operated in well-mixed tank which would be considered as a completely mixed condition. The feasibility of foam separation to remove protein from fresh and sea water was investigated. Protein removal characteristics of the foam separator were obtained by batch reactor operations. To find the effect of the operating parameter to protein removal rate, the foam separation was carried with variation of initial protein concentration and foam height. The results indicated that the protein removal efficiency was increased with increasing protein concentration and decreased with increasing foam height. The relationship between protein concentration and protein removal rate was evaluated by linear regression.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.33 no.8
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• pp.583-590
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• 2011

The effect of the physical parameters in the reactor (aeration depth, bubble size, and surface area) and the alkalinity of the solution on the ammonia stripping by bubbling were evaluated. When an airflow of 30 L/min was bubbled below the solution surface in the range 6-53 cm, the ammonia removal rate were observed to be the same regardless of the bubbling depths. At pH 10.0 and a temperature of $30^{\circ}C$, the average rate constant and the standard deviation were $0.178h^{-1}$ and 0.004. No appreciable changes in the ammonia removal rate were also observed with varying the bubble size and the air-contacting surface area. Alkalinity of the solution was found to affect the ammonia removal rate indirectly. This is expected because the pH of the solution would vary with dissolution of gaseous $CO_2$ by air bubbling. The real wastewaters from landfill site and domestic wastewater treatment plant were tested. In the case of domestic wastewater (pH = 7.1, alkalinity = 75 mg/L), the ammonia removal rate was poor even with the control of pH to 9.3. The raw landfill leachate (pH = 8.0, alkalinity = 6,525 mg/L), however, showed the appreciable removal rate with increasing pH during aeration. When the initial pH of the leachate was adjusted 9.4, the removal rate was significantly increased without changing the pH during aeration.

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Sciences Society Conference
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• 1999.10a
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• pp.67-68
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• 1999

포말분리법을 이용하여 해수 중의 단백질 제거 실험을 수행한 결과 유입 단백질의 농도가38.0g/m일 때 제거 속도가 최대였으며 0.48min의 수력학적 체류시간에서 9.65g protein/m3.min의 가장 높은 단백질 제거속도를 얻을 수 있었다.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.627-635
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• 2011

This study was conducted to assess the effects of the removal of pesticide residues and microorganisms from yuja (Citrus junos Sieb ex Tanaka) using a surface-washing system, under the following washing conditions: 0.11, 0.42, and 0.73 m/s spray rotation speeds; 0.6, 0.9, and 1.2 MPa water pressure and 0.046, 0.092, and 0.138 m/s conveying speeds. Tap-water treatment was used as the control. The washing efficiency when using squid ink was highly correlated with the conveying speed and the spray rotation speed. In addition, the highest washing efficiency was achieved when the water pressure was 0.9 MPa. The microorganisms were reduced to 0.40 log CFU/g for the tap-water treatment, and all the treatments, except those at the conveying speed of 0.138 m/s and the spray rotation speed of 0.11 rpm (6.07 log CFU/g), produced higher removal efficiencies compared with the tap-water treatment. Reductions of 2.20 and 2.05 log CFU/g were achieved at the spray rotation speeds of 0.42 and 0.73, respectively. The largest reductions were observed when the conveying speed was 0.046 m/s. Higher pesticide residue removal efficiency values were obtained at slower conveying speeds and higher spray rotation speeds. Higher than 50% removal efficiency was achieved when the spray rotation speed was 0.046 m/s for spirodichlofen, deltamethrin, benomyl, thiophanate-methyl, and acequinocyl. Especially, the removal efficiency for benomyl and thiophanate-methyl was more than 90%. It can thus be concluded that the pesticide residues in yuja can be effectively reduced by washing the latter with a less-than-0.092-m/s conveying speed and a higher-than-0.42-m/s spray rotation speed.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.66-69
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• 2009

An adaptive echo canceller is necessary for an application such as a speakerphone, 3G image telephony and VoIP service system. These echo cancellers need to have many taps for filtering echo signals. Many taps cause computation data to increase and convergence speed to be low. To overcome these problems, An adaptive echo canceller with the advanced convergence speed is proposed in this paper. To improve the speed, we divide an echo band into subbands and place a subband filter to be adaptive for each subband. Each subband filter recognizes the echo signal as subband echo signals. So, dynamic range of subband is small, the convergence speed is fast. Moreover, as the number of Tap and weight update are estimated in each subband, the implementation complex of a adaptive filter is low.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.9 no.12
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• pp.1337-1344
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• 2014

The objective of an echo canceller connected to any end of a communication line such as digital subscriber line (DSL) is to compensate the outgoing transmit signal in the receiving path that the hybrid circuit leaks. The echo canceller working in a full duplex environment is an adaptive system driven by the local signal. Conventional echo canceller that implement the least mean square (LMS) algorithm provides a low computational burden but poor convergence properties. The length of the echo canceller will directly affect both the degree of performance and the convergence speed of the adaptation process. To cancel long time-varying echoes, the number of tap coefficients of a conventional echo canceller must be large, which decreases the convergence speed of the adaptive filter. This paper proposes an alternative technique for the echo cancellation in a telecommunication channel. The new technique employs the bi-directional least mean square (LMS) algorithm for adaptively computing the optimal set of the coefficients of the echo canceller, which is composed of weighted combination of both feedforward and feedback algorithms. Finally, Simulation results as well as mathematical analysis demonstrates that the proposed echo canceller has faster convergence speed than the conventional LMS echo canceller with nearly equivalent complexity of computation.

• Clean Technology
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.280-286
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• 2009

To evaluate the feasibility of electrodialysis for nitrate-nitrogen removal from wastewater, the effect of operating parameters on the removal of nitrate-nitrogen was experimentally estimated. The limiting current density (LCD) linearly increased with the nitrate concentration and the flow rate. The time when the nitrate concentration of diluate reached at 20 mg/L was linearly proportional to concentration of diluate, and the concentration of concentrate did not affect the removal rate. Increase in the flow rate gave a positive effect on the removal rate and became insignificant at How rates greater than 1.6 L/min. The removal rate increased with the applied voltage, but the increment in the removal rate decreased as the applied voltage approached the LCD. From the operation of the electrodialysis module used in this research, the flow rate of 1.6 L/min and the voltage corresponding to the 80~90% of LCD were found be the optimum operating condition for the nitrate removal from highly concentrated nitrate-nitrogen solutions.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.324-325
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• 2001

총 암모니아성 질소(TAN)은고밀도 양식에서 한계요소로 작용하는 수질인자 중의 하나이다. 생물학적 암모니아 처리공정의 효율적인 설계를 위해서는 생물반응기의 암모니아 제거속도식을 구하여 처리시스템의 최적 용량을 구하여야 한다. 그러나 현재까지 진행된 고정화 미생물을 이용한 암모니아 제거공정에 대한 연구는 고정화 재질의 특성이나 장치의 운전효율에 대한 것으로 속도식에 대한 연구는 부족하다. (중략)

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Sciences Society Conference
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• 2003.11b
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• pp.295-299
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• 2003

1. 고정화 $TiO_2$의 경우도 분말을 이용한 것과 같이 최적 광촉매 투입량이 나타났으며, 최적 투입량은 33.8 g/L이었고, 분말 $TiO_2$를 이용한 경우보다 빠른 초기반응속도를 보였으며, 최종반응시간도 빠른 것으로 나타났다. 2. 수용액에서 빠른 초기 제거속도의 1차적인 기작은 고정화 $TiO_2$ 표면으로의 흡착 때문이었으며, 빠른 흡착으로 인해 수용액 중의 RhB 농도가 빠르게 감소하여 광 투과율이 증가하므로 전체 반옹속도가 빠른 것으로 사료되었다. 3. 고정화 $TiO_2$를 이용한 유동층 반응기의 경우 최적 공기 공급량은 의한 Rhodamine B의 초기 제거속도는 분말보다 빠르지만 전체적인 제거시간은 흡착된 Rhodamine B의 분해 때문에 분말 $TiO_2$보다 느린 것으로 나타났다.

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.164-166
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• 2008

소음은 현대 사회에서 쉽게 접하게 되는 환경 오염원이다. 능동소음제어(Active Noise Control)는 발생된 소음을 제거하기 위해 구현이 간단한 LMS 알고리즘을 많이 사용하고 있다. 그러나 LMS 알고리즘은 수렴 속도와 소음신호의 변화속도에 따라 발산의 위험을 가지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 LMS의 문제점을 보완하기 위해 경험 모드 분석법을 이용한 feedback FXLMS(Filtered-X Least Mean Square) 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 소음제거 시스템의 출력단에서 검출된 잔차소음을 경험 모드 분석법(Empirical Mode Decomposition)을 이용하여 IMF 신호들로 분해하고, 분해된 각 신호를 FXLMS 알고리즘을 이용하여 수렴시킨 후, 결과들을 다시 결합하여 소음 제거에 이용하였다. 각각의 IMF 신호를 FXLMS 알고리즘으로 수렴시킬 때 수렴속도에 변화를 주어 소음제거의 효율성을 높였다. 제안한 알고리즘을 Matlab을 이용하여 시뮬레이션하였고 기존의 FXLMS알고리즘보다 향상된 수렴속도 및 안정성을 가짐을 입증하였다.