• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.37-48
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• 2019

Current research explores the effect of language on the perception of facial emotion as suggested by the psychological construction theory of emotion by using a psychophysical method. In this study, we hypothesize that the perception of facial expression may be influenced if the observer is shown an affective word before he/she judges an expression. Moreover, we suggest that his/her understanding of a facial emotion will be in line with the conceptual context that the word denotes. During the two experiments conducted for this project, a control stimulus or words representing either angry or happy emotions were briefly presented to participants before they were shown a target face. These target faces were randomly selected from seven faces that were gradually morphed to show neutral to angry (in Experiment 1) and neutral to happy (in Experiment 2) expressions. The participants were asked to perform a two-alternative forced choice (2AFC) task to judge the emotion of the target face (i.e., decide whether it is angry or neutral, or happy or neutral). The results of Experiment 1 (when compared with the control condition) showed that words denoting anger decreased the point of subjective equality (PSE) for judging the emotion of the target as anger, whereas words denoting happiness increased the PSE. Experiment 2, in which participants had to judge expressions on a scale from happy to neutral, produced a contrasting pattern of results. The outcomes of this study support the claim of the psychological construction theory of emotion that the perception of facial emotion is an active construction process that may be influenced by information (such as affective words) that provide conceptual context.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.433-444
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to investigate the moderating role of emotional intelligence (EI) and goal-relevance in the relationship between power and emotional awareness. In Study 1, participants were ask to correctly indicate presented facial expressions of others after completing EI survey. Half of the participants were randomly assigned to the "power" condition and the other half to the "powerless" condition. In Study 2, goal-relevance of expressed emotion was manipulated. The results showed that EI moderated the relationship between power and emotion decoding ability. While participants with high and low levels of EI were not significantly affected by power condition, participants with middle level of EI were strongly influenced by the effect of power. In addition, the role of goal-relevance significantly moderated the relationship between power and emotional awareness. When correctly indicating other's emotion became important and thus emotional awareness was strongly associated with participants' goal, those who had power performed better than before.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.127-133
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• 2007

The present study investigated whether the emotional states reading ability through facial expression changes by age(3-, 5-year-old and university student groups), sex(male, female), facial expression's presenting areas(face, eyes) and the type of emotions(basic emotions, complex emotions). 32 types of emotional state's facial expressions which are linked relatively strong with the emotional vocabularies were used as stimuli. Stimuli were collected by taking photographs of professional actors facial expression performance. Each individuals were presented with stories which set off certain emotions, and then were asked to choose a facial expression that the principal character would have made for the occasion presented in stories. The result showed that the ability of facial expression reading improves as the age get higher. Also, they performed better with the condition of face than eyes, and basic emotions than complex emotions. While female doesn't show any performance difference with the presenting areas, male shows better performance in case of facial condition compared with eye condition. The results demonstrate that age, facial expression's presenting areas and the type of emotions effect on estimation of other people's emotion through facial expressions.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.411-424
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• 2009

Morality is one of the references when people judge the world. In two studies we addressed the impact of social distance and mood on moral judgment. Participants judged the people who kill one person to save the many by moral and action appropriateness. In study 1 Social distance was induced in best friends and strangers condition. We hypothesized that judgments rely on deontology depends on social distance. Study 1 showed that same actions in moral dilemmas are judged more severely when the people are more socially distant(strangers). But this effect of social distant was found only judgment of moral appropriateness. Study 2 examined how mood can affect moral judgment. There have been many work investigated the role of mood in determining the kind of cognitive processing. Results from study 2 showed participants in positive mood condition are judged more severely. This difference between positive and negative mood was found only judgment of action appropriateness in contrast with study 1. These results suggested that moral judgment can be affected by social distance and mood. We also found that these factors have selected impact on moral and action appropriateness.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.47-75
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• 2008

Research on moral judgment has been dominated by rational factor or moral emotion, in which moral judgment is thought to be caused by moral reasoning or moral intuitions. This research demonstrates that offender' anger can influence moral judgment. The study examined the role of offender's anger (control group versus anger group) on moral domain ( life, interpersonal ethic, traffic regulation: 6 case) : 2(groups) ×6(cases) mixed design. Participants were asked to judge the offender, case, sympathy and one's anger about the him or her who offended against the law or convention. Participants who perceived the offender's anger tended to assess questionnaire generous. In interpersonal ethic domain, participants have not been affected by anger. There was not significantly differences between two groups in interpersonal ethic domain. The results of experiment confirmed hypotheses that influence of anger varies with the moral domains affected a value system of culture. These findings indicate functional emotion for moral judgment and suggest people may be decide how much emotion is considered on moral judgment performance according to moral domains.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2010.04a
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• pp.538-541
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 현재 시중에 판매되고 있는 네 가지 휴대용 음원재생기를 자극물로 사용하여 제품 속성에 있어서의 차이가 사용자 경험의 여러 요소에 영향을 주는지 여부(가설 1)와 사용자의 정서적 반응이 사용자가 인식한 제품 특성에 의해 영향을 받는지(가설 2) 그리고 제품에 대한 전체적인 판단이 사용자가 인식한 제품 특성과 감성적 반응에 따라 달라지는지(가설 3) 실험을 통해 조사하였다. 실험결과 기능적 특성과 유희적 특성에 대한 인식 정도는 실험 참가자가 사용한 제품에 따라 서로 다르게 나타났으며, 사용자의 정서적 반응과 전체적인 선호도 또한 평가 제품에 따라 서로 다르게 나타남으로서 제품 속성에 의해 영향을 받는 것으로 분석되었다. 이와 함께 사용자 경험을 구성하는 요소들 간의 상호관계도 테스트하였는데, 사용자의 정서적 반응이 주로 제품의 기능적 특성에 따라 달라지는 반면 사용자의 전체적인 판단은 제품의 기능적 특성과 유희적 특성 모두에 의해 영향을 받고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또 분석결과에서 밝혀진 한 가지 흥미로운 사실은 사용자의 정서적 반응이 전체적인 판단에 아무런 역할도 하지 않는다는 점이다.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.71-80
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• 2021

Previous studies using facial expressions have revealed valence and arousal as two core dimensions of affective space. However, it remains unknown if the two dimensional structure is consistent across ages. This study investigated affective dimensions using six facial expressions (angry, disgusted, fearful, happy, neutral, and sad) at three ages (young, middle-aged, and old). Several studies previously required participants to directly rate subjective similarity between facial expression pairs. In this study, we collected indirect measures by asking participants to decide if a pair of two stimuli conveyed the same emotions. Multidimensional scaling showed that "angry-disgusted" and "sad-disgusted" pairs are similar at all three ages. In addition, "angry-sad," "angry-neutral," "neutral-sad," and "disgusted-fearful" pairs were similar at old age. When two faces in a pair reflect the same emotion, "sad" was the most inaccurate in old age, suggesting that the ability to recognize "sad" decreases with old age. This study suggested that the general two-core dimension structure is robust across all age groups with the exception of specific emotions.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.121-132
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• 2016

Emotion is considered to be involved in the moral decision-making process consisting of moral judgment, moral intention, and moral behavior. This research investigated the distinct role of two specific moral emotions, guilt and shame, when they are suppressed, on moral judgment, moral intention, and moral behavior through an online experiment. Moral emotion (guilt vs. shame) as well as suppression of these emotions (suppressing vs. control) was manipulated to infer the causality of moral emotions and the moral decision-making process when they are suppressed. The results suggest that suppressing guilt was involved in moral judgment and moral intention, but was not involved in moral behavior. In particular, participants who maintained guilt evaluated moral vignettes as more moral and perceived that they would follow the behavior described in the vignettes than those participants who suppressed their guilt. On the other hand, our data showed that suppressing shame was not involved in moral judgment and intention but was in behavior. Participants who maintained shame engaged in moral behavior more than participants who suppressed shame. We delineate the different mechanisms between guilt and shame on the moral decision-making process with the discrete emotion theory.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.34-42
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• 2013

The reasons of traffic accidents can be classified into the vehicle, road environment and human factors. In development of vehicle and road technologies, the human factor is the most important. The emotion research recently carried out showed that emotions play an important role in human judgment and decision making. They are also expected to partly determine driving behavior. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of drivers' emotions on their driving behavior. The results of this study showed that positive emotions do not affect driving behavior. As for negative emotions, however, safe driving(SD) and comfort driving(CD) factors have a negative correlation, and violence driving(VD) and regulation violation(RO) factors have a positive correlation. This study is significant as a basic study for establishing and determining a policy for reducing traffic accidents and for educating drivers.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.2.1-2.38
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• 1998

본 연구에서는 소비자 만족 형성 과정에서 발현되는 소비자의 감정 반응의 역할에 대해 이론적 및 실증적으로 고찰하였다. 소비자 감정 반응에 관한 선행 연구의 고찰을 통해 소비자 만족 형성 과정에서 발현되는 소비자 감정 반응은 구매라는 사건을 중심으로 기분 상태와 소비 정서라는 주요한 범주로 구분할 수 있음을 발견하였다. 다음으로 감정과 인지의 관계를 설명하는 이론, 특히 정서의 인지적 평가 이론을 기초로 기존의 기대-불일치 모형에 의한 인지적 과정과 기분 상태→소비 정서의 감정적 과정을 결합하는 연구 모형을 수립하고 확인적 요인 분석과 구조 방정식 모형으로 실증 분석하였다. 실증 연구 결과 점포 내 기분 상태는 유쾌와 각성, 소비 정서는 긍정적 소비 정서와 부정적 소비 정서의 차원으로 구분되며, 기대가 소비자의 점포 내 기분 상태의 인지적 평가로, 불일치가 소비 정서의 인지적 평가로 간주될 수 있으며, 점포 내 기분 상태가 제품의 성과 판단과 소비 정서에 직접적으로 영향을 미친다는 사실이 밝혀졌다.