• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.359-367
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• 2009

This study was conducted to provide useful information for the scientific training of spikes and instruction, by analyzing all kinematical variants including time, distance, velocity, angle factors in spike movements of volleyball matches. The subjects were 4 foreigner players, who participated in the V-League of 2008-2009. The conclusion from this study is as follows. Time for a jumping step was .33s, and Angelko had a bit longer takeoff time than other players. In Angelko and Anderson who were leading in attack power, the whole distance of a spike motion was relatively short, less than 4m. The moment when the center of gravity reached the lowest point was when the right foot bearing weight in the jumping step was passing the left foot, and the highest point of gravity was 2.30m, which appeared just before the impact. The horizontal speed of the center of the gravity was highest as 4.19m/s at the beginning of a jumping step, and lowest at the stance phase of the fore foot just before takeoff. The vertical speed of the center of the gravity was lowest after the right foot touched the ground, and highest after the takeoff of the fore foot. Impact was 3.22m, and the highest ball speed was 28.18m/s.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.121-131
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• 2007

Despite the close linkage in changes between the ecological and hydrological processes in forest ecosystems, an integrative approach has not been incorporated successfully. In this study, based on the vegetation and hydrologic data of the Gwangneung headwater catchment with the Geographic Information System, we attempted such an integrated approach by employing the Regional Hydro-Ecologic Simulation System (RHESSys). To accomplish this, we have (1) constructed the input data for RHESSys, (2) developed an integrated calibration system that enables to consider both ecological and hydrological processes simultaneously, and (3) performed sensitivity analysis to estimate the optimum parameters. Our sensitivity analyses on six soil parameters that affect streamflow patterns and peak flow show that the decay parameter of horizontal saturated hydraulic conductivity $(s_1)$ and porosity decay by depth (PD) had the highest sensitivity. The optimization of these two parameters to estimate the optimum streamflow variation resulted in a prediction accuracy of 0.75 in terms of Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSec). These results provide an important basis for future evaluation and mapping of the watershed-scale soil moisture and evapotranspiration in forest ecosystems of Korea.

• Proceedings of The Korean Society of Health Promotion Conference
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• 2005.09a
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• pp.121-149
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• 2005

미국 캘리포니아 주의 건강문제로는 흡연, HIV/AIDS, 천식, 정신질환, 아동비만, 유방암, API, 건강한 생활양식 형성, 인종간의 건강격차 등을 들 수 있다. 이러한 건강문제를 해결하기 위해 캘리포니아주에서 진행되는 지역사회 중재전략은 지역사회 단체와의 협력이라는 특성을 지니고 있으며, 도시지역의 노인이나 다양한 인종들을 대상으로 하는 프로그램들의 경우는 교회를 통한 접근방법이 빈번하게 활용된다. 중재 프로그램들은 지역사회 조직모형과 역량강화의 개념을 활용하며, 문화적으로 다른 배경을 가진 인구집단을 대상으로는 이들의 요구에 맞는 프로그램을 진행하는 형태로 기존의 프로그램을 채택하는 것이 아닌 이들의 다양한 요구에 맞도록 수정된 프로그램을 제공하고 있다. 개인 간 의사소통을 활용하여 사회적 관계망의 활성화를 도모하며, 일반인이 건강지도자가 되는 교육모형도 활용하고 있다. 한국교민사회 자문위원회(Korean Community Advisory Board, KCAB)는 CDCPRC(CFCH)의 기금으로 진행되는 연구 프로젝트를 수행할 목적으로 1993년 설립되었다. 장기적인 지역사회 건강증진을 위하여 전문가와 일반인 지도자들이 지역사회에서 협력하는 방법을 활용하며 요구도 진단, 수행 평가, 건강옹호와 같은 다양한 사업을 진행한다. 회원들은 핵심 회원과 일반회원으로 구분되고 이들은 사업의 수행과 관련된 의사결정에 도움을 주게 된다. 한국교민사회 자문위원회가 수행한 프로그램은 'Health is Strength', 'Virtual Village Program'이 있으며, 현재는 'Quitting is Winning'이라는 미국거주 한국 남성을 대상으로 하는 인터넷 금연 프로그램을 수행하고 있다. 또한 캘리포니아 주 거주 한국인의 건강상태에 대한 조사를 진행하고 그 결과를 보고하는 프로젝트를 진행하고 있다. 이들이 하는 주요 업무는 지역에서 발생되는 건강문제에 대한 우선순위를 파악할 수 있도록 하여 한국교민들의 건강요구를 파악하고 사업의 우선순위를 설정하는데 도움을 주고 있다. 센터에서 진행되는 한국교민 대상 연구나 사업에 가장 효과적일 수 있는 방법에 대한 지침이나 정보를 제공한다. 또한 문화적으로 민감한 사항이나 적절성 여부에 대한 확인을 하며 연구결과를 보고하고 확산하는데 도움을 주고 있다. 캘리포니아 주는 다양한 인종들이 거주하는 지역이다. 따라서 문화적 민감성이나 문화적 대응전략, 문화적 적절성은 건강증진사업을 수행할 경우에 매우 중요한 이슈가 된다. 또한 이들은 소수민족인 경우가 많아 언어장벽으로 인하여 의료서비스 이용에 제한을 받게 된다. 따라서 보건의료전문가들은 이러한 문화적 요소들을 능숙하게 다루는 기술이 필요한데, 이러한 기술이란 문화가 다른 사람들 간에는 갈등이 존재한다는 점을 인식하고, 건강관련 믿음과 건강행동에 영향을 미치는 사회문화적 요인들을 파악하고, 대안적 해결책을 제시하며, 결과를 평가할 수 있는 능력을 의미한다. 이러한 영역에서 health care interpreter는 소수인종의 보건의료 서비스의 원활한 이용을 위하여 매우 활발한 역할을 수행하고 있다.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.19-32
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• 2008

Usually in South Korea, land cover type and topographic undulation are frequently changed even in a narrow area. However, most of researches using aerial LIDAR(LIght Detection And Ranging) data in abroad had been acquired in the study areas to be changed infrequently. This research was performed to explore reconstruction methodologies of 3D surface models considering the distribution of land cover type and topographic undulation. Composed of variously undulatory forests, rocky river beds and man-made land cover such as streets, trees, buildings, parking lots and so on, an area was selected for the research. First of all, the area was divided into three zones based on land cover type and topographic undulation using its aerial ortho-photo. Then, aerial LIDAR data was clipped by each zone and different 3D modeling processes were applied to each clipped data before integration of each models and reconstruction of overall model. These kinds of processes might be effectively applied to landscape management, forest inventory and digital map composition. Besides, they would be useful to resolve less- or over-extracted problems caused by simple rectangle zoning when an usual data processing of aerial LIDAR.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.305-313
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• 2012

Unreinforced masonry buildings represent a significant portion of the existing and historical buildings around the world. Recent earthquakes have shown the need for seismic retrofitting for these types of buildings. Various types of retrofitting materials (i.e., shotcrete, ECC and Fiber Reinforced Polymer sheets (FRPs)) for unreinforced masonry buildings (URM) have been developed. Engineers prefer to use FRPs, because these materials enhance the shear strength of the wall without expansion of wall sectional area and adding weight to the total structure. However, the complexity of the mechanical behavior of the masonry wall and the lack of experimental data from walls retrofitted by FRPs may cause problems for engineers to determine an appropriate retrofitting level. This paper investigate in-plane behavior of URM and retrofitted masonry walls using two different types of FRP materials to determine and provide information for the retrofitting effect of FRPs on masonry shear walls. Specimens were designed to idealize the wall of a low-rise apartment which was built in 1970s in Korea with no seismic reinforcements with an aspect ratio of 1. Retrofitting materials were carbon FRP and Hybrid sheets which have different elastic modulus and ultimate strain capacities. Consequently, this study evaluated the structural capacity of masonry shear walls and the retrofitting effect of an FRP sheet for in-plane behavior. Also, the results were compared to the results obtained from the evaluation method for a reinforced concrete beam retrofitted with FRPs.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.979-991
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• 2016

Measuring nation images was a challenging task when employing offline surveys was the only option. It was not only prohibitively expensive, but too much time-consuming and therefore unfitted to this rapidly changing world. Although demands for monitoring real-time nation images were ever-increasing, an affordable and reliable solution to measure nation images has not been available up to this date. The researcher in this study developed a semi-automatic ontology construction algorithm, named "double-crossing double keyword collection (or DCDKC)" to measure nation images from Wikipedia in real-time. The ontology, WikiOnto, can be used to reflect dynamic image changes. In this study, an instance of WikiOnto was constructed by applying the algorithm to the big-three exporting countries in East Asia, Korea, Japan, and China. Then, the numbers of page views for words in the instance of WikiOnto were counted. A collection of the counting for each country was compared to each other to inspect the possibility to use for dynamic nation images. As for the conclusion, the result shows how the images of the three countries have changed for the period the study was performed. It confirms that DCDKC can very well be used for a real-time nation-image monitoring system.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.887-900
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• 2011

Teachers use explanations to communicate important scientific ideas to students. Consequently, all biology teachers should be evaluated to determine how effective they are at constructing and communicating biological explanations. Open response questions are required to detect pre-service biology teachers' abilities to communicate robust and accurate scientific explanations. Nevertheless, multiple-choice questions are typically preferred by educators because of the common drawbacks of using open-response instruments, such as scoring time, inter-rater scoring disagreements, and delayed feedback to test takers. This study aims to measure pre-service biology teachers' competence in building scientific explanations and to investigate how accurately multiple-choice questions predict the results of open-response questions. One hundred twenty four pre-service biology teachers participated in the study and were administered 20 multiple-choice items and three open-response items designed to measure the accuracy and quality of their explanations of evolutionary change. The results demonstrated that pre-service teachers displayed higher competence when tested with multiple choice items than when tested with open response items. Moreover, scores derived from multiple-choice items poorly predicted the scores derived from open-response items. Multiple-choice items were also found to be poor measures of the consistency, purity and abundance of conceptual elements in teachers' evolutionary explanations. Additionally, many teachers held mixed-models composed of both scientific and naive ideas, which were difficult to detect using multiple-choice formats. Overall, the study indicates that multiple-choice formats are poorly suited to measuring several aspects of biology teachers' knowledge of evolution, including their ability to generate scientific explanations. This study suggests that open-response items should be used in teacher education programs to assess pre-service teachers' explanatory competency prior to being permitted to teach science to children.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.51 no.5
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• pp.651-665
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• 2016

This paper tried to delimitate the location and scope of Nokdundo located in the Dumangang estuary. In 18th century, Nokdundo was an alluvial island formed by several tributaries divided from the mainstream of Dumangang. In the mid-19th century, Nokdundo was connected to the Russian territory because some tributaries were blocked by sediment flows. In many maps published in the Joseon Dynasty, the location and size of Nokdundo had not been depicted consistently with each other nor been described correctly. Because of the recurrent extinction-generating phenomena of waterways of the Dumangang due to sedimentation process, the location and scope of Nokdundo can be delimitated differently according to the era. According to the distance information of the records published in the 19th and 20th century, the scope of Nokdundo can be extended widely to the Maritime Province of Siberia. So, the author have set the Sodumangang(Karasik River) as the northern boundary of Nokdundo. The Karasik River is called Sodumangang by the Koreans living in the Maritime Province. As a tributary of the Dumangang, Sodumangang flows into the Posyet Bay. Nokdundo was an island separated from the Korean peninsula and the Maritime Province by the Dumangang and the Sodumangang respectively. Tributaries of the Dumangang have formed many alluvial islands at the mouth of Dumangang where the Dumangang meets with the East Sea. So, the possibility that Nokdundo was consisted of several islands can not be excluded.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.51 no.6
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• pp.853-871
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• 2016

The interest in the prevention of sex crimes and social secure is growing as the number of cases by sexual offences becomes higher. Although various punishable ways have been introduced so far, increasing sex crime is still going on. Thus, effectiveness of legal systems for preventing crimes is questionable. More recently, the approach for environmental criminology has been paid attention for reducing criminal opportunities through environmental design and management of crimes. This study attempts to look over the spatial distribution of sexual crimes in the context of environmental criminology, and examine the correlation between regional environmental factors and the occurrence of sexual crimes empirically. To do this, we visualized the map for sex crimes at the macro-scale and explored the spatial distribution of sexual crimes and spatial clusters based on various spatial statistics using sex crime data published online by the ministry of gender equality and family. Also, we derived the environmental characteristics of sexual crimes by multivariate regression analysis on a large number of explanatory variables of regional environment. Our results will help to understand the current situation and spatial aspects of sex crimes in the nation more realistically. Further, it is respected that our results might be useful basic information for establishing regional policies and plans for the prevention of the sexual crime and enhanced public policing.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.187-199
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to investigate the psychological well-being of married female teachers working in public elementary schools in Gyeonggi Province and Seoul. Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS 12.0 including frequencies, one-way ANOVA, Duncan-test. The findings were summarized as follows: First, they scored average 3.23 on a five-point scale of psychological well-being, which meant they were positive about psychological well-being. Second, with the background variables considered, marital status and subjective standard of life resulted in significant differences. Those who answered their subjective standard of life were high scored the highest point on the scale. Third, with the background variables considered, age, subjective standard of life and happiness, family relation and psychlogical health were shown to affect the psychological well-being.