• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
• /
• v.42 no.4
• /
• pp.172-197
• /
• 2009

The stone stupas of the Mireuk Temple Site and Jeongnim Temple Site were the beginning of Korean stone stupa and the unique ones stemming from the Baeje period. Therefore, the work of investigating the characteristics of these two stone stupas would give us a basis for understanding Korean stone stupas in a large scale and Baekje-style stone stupas in a narrow sense. As shown in some records, the excellent architectural skills of Baekje could be known by the fact that Abiji was invited to the building of Hwangryong Wooden stupa, one of the national undertakings of Shilla and the skills and styles related to stone stupas were thought to be disseminated in this process. However, it has not been very convincing that the stone stupas with Baekje styles were disconnected in an instant with the unification of Shilla, in terms that culture and art would inherited and developed. The current academic circle set a frame and defined all these types of stone stupas as Baekje-system stone stupas built in Goryeo period and put them in a uniformly chronological order. The popularization of Buddhism, support of regionally powerful clans and cultural revival were suggested as the factors of their appearance, but it seemed difficult to be assured that these led Baeje-style stone stupas to reappear in a moment by breaking the gap of about 300 years. Of course, it has not been active in Gyeongju area, but they have greatly influenced the stone stupas of Shilla; therefore, it would be possible to consider that they were developed but limited to certain areas. This study focused on the starting point of such development and investigated the formation of Baeje-style stone stupas through the stone stupas of the Mireuk Temple Site and Jeongnim Temple Site and their subsequent development through Wanggung-ri Stone Stupa.

• 한국문화재보존과학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2005.11a
• /
• pp.111-117
• /
• 2005

• Korean Architects
• /
• no.3 s.204
• /
• pp.53-71
• /
• 1986

건국대학교는 창립40주년을 맞이하여 2,000년대를 조명하는 미래지향적이고 기능적인 도서관건립을 위해 지명현상공모를 실시하여 응모결과 총8점의 작품이 접수되어 지난 2월28일 심사후 그 결과를 발표하였다. 단일건물로서의 상징성과 웅장성을 강조한 이번 현상공모에는 아도무건축(장석웅) 안이 최우수작으로 결정되었으며 본지에서는 8점의 응모된 전작품을 게재하면서 지면의 부족으로 방대한 내용의 일부만을 게재함을 안타깝게 생각한다

• Electronics and Telecommunications Trends
• /
• v.8 no.3
• /
• pp.53-65
• /
• 1993

1992년부터 서비스를 시작한 범유럽 디지틀 이동통신 시스팀인 GSM은 범세계적인 규격으로 발전해가고 있다. 이에 따라 본 고에서는 GSM의 향후 발전 방향을 가늠해보고자 그동안 추진되었던 GSM의 표준화 정림, 추진 체계 등을 알아보고, 현재 드러나고 있는 여러가지 현안 사항들을 조사한 후, 이로부터 발전된 것과 계획을 차례로 살펴보기로 한다.

• Computational Structural Engineering
• /
• v.4 no.3
• /
• pp.48-50
• /
• 1991

산업전반에서 전산화와 자동화의 추세가 점차로 가속화되고 있는 이 시점에서 건축설계를 전문으로 하는 업체에서의 COMPUTER의 응용과 실무에서의 적용은 이제는 전혀 새롭다거나 놀랄만한 일로 보여지지 않는 시기가 도래하였다고 보여지며, 현재는 누가 얼마나 현실적인 사용에 바탕을 둔 응용 및 개발전략으로 생산성의 향상과 업무의 효율화를 꾀하고 있는가 하는 것이 중요한 문제로 부각되어지고 있다. 주지하는 바와 같이 건축설계를 전문으로 하는 업체에서의 전산조직은 CAD와 구조계산, 견적을 그 주축으로 하고 있으며, 가장 많은 투자와 개발이 이루어지고 있는 분야이기도 하다. 따라서 본 회사의 전산조지과 그 운용에 관한 논의는 위의 각 분야별로 사용장비 및 인원구성, 현재의 이용현황, 향후 투자 및 개발계획 등을 간략하게 소개하는 것으로 대신하겠다.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• v.5 no.1
• /
• pp.141-148
• /
• 1985

This paper is a study on a analysis of geometrical composition about two Back-Jae stone pagodas-stone pagoda at the site of Mir$\bar{u}$k-Sa Temple in Iksan and five storied stone pagoda at the site of Ch$\check{o}$ngrim-Sa Temple in Puy$\check{o}$, existing stone pagodas which Were built in Back-Jae Dynasty. By using P31 terrestrial metric camera and A-10 for precision stereo plot, Ch$\check{o}$ngrim-Sa stone pagoda which has Bock-bal and Mir$\bar{u}$k-Sa stone pagoda which has many broken area are analyzed comparatively. From this result same geometric composition principle; orthotrigon is drawn in respect to module and the length ratio of the widths of Okgesuks which exist at the end-point of the orthotrigon, is found to be decrease as 9 : 8 : 7 : 6 : (5) also the height up to Bock-bal before broken, is able to estimate.

• Journal of architectural history
• /
• v.25 no.4
• /
• pp.57-64
• /
• 2016

It was believed that Jeongnimsa temple was built after the capital was moved from Gongju to Buyeo. It was confirmed that it was built A.D. $625{\pm}20$ by conducting a paleomagnetic analysis on the fireplace, which was recently found at the bottom of Jungmunji(middle gate). Consequently, it is assumed that the temple was built in the early 7th century unlike the previous point of view. Therefore, this study evaluated if the fireplace at the bottom of Jungmunji was found at the geological stratum representing the Jeongnimsa temple. Moreover, the study examined when the fireplace at the bottom of Jungmunji was constructed on the soil stratum. It is possible that the fireplace was built in the early 7th century as shown in the paleomagnetic analysis. However, when we compared the soil strata of the Jungmunji and the existing five-story stone pagoda, it showed that the ground was prepared differently and they were built over a fairly long period of time. Furthermore, I discovered that there was a wooden pagoda under the five-story stone pagoda by examining the soil strata map. Therefore, previous studies evaluated the arrangement of auxiliary buildings of Jeongnimsa temple and concluded that it was built in the early 7th century. It is hard to determine when the temple was built based on the arrangement of auxiliary buildings, because it takes a long time to build a temple and auxiliary buildings can be relocated during this long construction period. Rather, we have to admit that there are various arrangement patterns through minor changes in buildings from the one pagoda and one main building(Geumdang) arrangement.

• Journal of Korean Association for Spatial Structures
• /
• v.8 no.5
• /
• pp.67-74
• /
• 2008

Multi-layered stone masonry monuments, such as stone pagoda can be modeled as a multi-degrees of freedom system. The dynamic behavior of these structures are mainly influenced by contour condition of contacting surface of stones. In this case the mass of the system can be easily estimated, mean while the estimation of stiffness at junction is not simple. In this paper a method for estimating the spring constant at the contacting surface of stone in proposed. This paper describes a method of computational modelling technique for structural analysis of stone pagodas using measurement of natural frequency and eigenvalue analysis. For this purpose Five story stone pagoda in Cchongnimsa site was selected as a model.

• Geotechnical Engineering
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.79-100
• /
• 1995

This paper proposes a stabilizing method against landslide using slide suppressor wall reinforced with soil nails. Included are a procedure to predict earth pressures acting on the concrete panel and a method of analysis of stabilizing pile. Based on the proposed procedure, the efficient installation type and inclusion angle of nails are analyzed. Also, optimum location of the slide suppressor wall composed of concrete panel and stabilizing pile is analyzed. Finally the comparison with a method proposed by Wright is made, and the effect of interactions between stabilizing piles is examined, throughout the design example.

• MISULJARYO - National Museum of Korea Art Journal
• /
• v.99
• /
• pp.50-71
• /
• 2021

The Five-story Stone Pagoda from the Dongsa-ri Temple Site in Buyeo, dated to early Goyeo Dynasty, is valuable in that it is the southernmost example of the capital Kaesong pagoda style. This pagoda exhibits characteristics of the central Goryeo style featured in the pagodas built in and around the capital Kaesong, such as the diagonally curved section of the support for the cover stone above the upper stereobate. It also shares stylistic affinities with eleventh-century stone pagodas. The ansangmun (elephant eye patterns) in the lower stereobate of the Dongsa-ri Five-story Stone Pagoda resemble those in the pedestal of the Stone Seated Buddha (which was likely repaired in 1028 during the reign of King Hyeonjong), at the Jeongrimsa Temple site in Buyeo. It also reflects elements found in the flagpole supports from the Cheonheungsa Temple site in Cheonan. The sculpting techniques used in these patterns are also similar. Such congruencies suggest that the Dongsa-ri Five-story Stone Pagoda was built in the eleventh century. The Dongsa-ri Temple Site in Buyeo, located near the Geumgang River, served as a principal route for transporting grain-tax during the Goryeo Dynasty. It was also situated along the way to the Goryeo royal temple, Gaetaesa Temple. The geographical significance of the site and the extensive repairs undertaken at Jeongrimsa Temple during the reign of King Hyeonjong (r. 1009-1031) of the Goryeo Dynasty appear to have impacted the production of the Dongsa-ri Five-story Stone Pagoda. The Dongsa-ri Five-story Stone Pagoda also bears stylistic resemblances to the stone pagoda and flagpole supports found at neighboring Cheonheungsa Temple, which is presumed to be related to the establishment of Honggyeongsa (or Honggyeongwon) Temple in 1021 in Cheonan. This indicates the route of the transmission of the Kaesong pagoda style. The Five-story Stone Pagoda from the Dongsa-ri Temple Site pays testimony to the cultural accomplishments of eleventh-century stone artworks in Buyeo and adjacent regions. This pagoda embodies the majestic and assertive aesthetics that define of the Goryeo Dynasty, as do early Goryeo colossal Buddhist sculptures, including the Stone Standing Maitreya Bodhisattva at Daejosa Temple in Buyeo, the Stone Standing Buddha Triad at Gaetaesa Temple in Nonsan, and the Stone Standing Maitreya Bodhisattva at Gwanchoksa Temple in Nonsan. All of these bear similarities to the massive stone lantern and pagoda at Hyeonhwasa Temple in the capital Kaesong. The production of the light, sleek, sharp, and sophisticated Dongsa-ri Five-story Stone Pagoda is presumed to reflect the maturity of the cultural competence of the people in Dongsa-ri, Buyeo under the influence of Buddhist culture from the capital Kaesong during the eleventh century, a time marked by active cultural exchanges among regions.