• Journal of the Korea Computer Graphics Society
• /
• v.26 no.3
• /
• pp.49-59
• /
• 2020

In this paper, we propose a speech animation synthesis specialized in Korean through a rule-based co-articulation model. Speech animation has been widely used in the cultural industry, such as movies, animations, and games that require natural and realistic motion. Because the technique for audio driven speech animation has been mainly developed for English, however, the animation results for domestic content are often visually very unnatural. For example, dubbing of a voice actor is played with no mouth motion at all or with an unsynchronized looping of simple mouth shapes at best. Although there are language-independent speech animation models, which are not specialized in Korean, they are yet to ensure the quality to be utilized in a domestic content production. Therefore, we propose a natural speech animation synthesis method that reflects the linguistic characteristics of Korean driven by an input audio and text. Reflecting the features that vowels mostly determine the mouth shape in Korean, a coarticulation model separating lips and the tongue has been defined to solve the previous problem of lip distortion and occasional missing of some phoneme characteristics. Our model also reflects the differences in prosodic features for improved dynamics in speech animation. Through user studies, we verify that the proposed model can synthesize natural speech animation.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
• /
• v.41 no.4
• /
• pp.189-194
• /
• 2017

The Moving Search Radar System (MSRS) monitors sea areas by moving along the coast. Since the radar is initially aligned to the front of the vehicle, it is important to know the changes in the heading azimuth of the vehicle to quickly acquire the target azimuth from the radar after the MSRS has moved. The heading azimuth can be obtained using the gyro compass, the GPS compass or the electronic compass. The electronic compass is suitable for MSRS requiring fast maneuverability due to its small volume, short stabilization time and low price. However, using a geomagnetic sensor may result in an error due to the surrounding magnetic field. Errors can make early automatic tracking of the satellites difficult and can reduce the radar detection accuracy. Therefore, this paper proposes a method to automatically compensate for the error reflecting the correction value on the radar obtained by comparing the reference azimuth calculated by solving the geodesic inverse problem using two coordinates between the radar and the geostationary satellite with the actually-directed azimuth angle of the satellite antenna. The feasibility and convenience of the proposed method were verified by applying it to the MSRS in the field.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
• /
• 2008.06a
• /
• pp.241-241
• /
• 2008

Macrofore formation in silicon and other semiconductors using electrochemical etching processes has been, in the last years, a subject of great attention of both theory and practice. Its first reason of concern is new areas of macropore silicone applications arising from microelectromechanical systems processing (MEMS), membrane techniques, solar cells, sensors, photonic crystals, and new technologies like a silicon-on-nothing (SON) technology. Its formation mechanism with a rich variety of controllable microstructures and their many potential applications have been studied extensively recently. Porous silicon is formed by anodic etching of crystalline silicon in hydrofluoric acid. During the etching process holes are required to enable the dissolution of the silicon anode. For p-type silicon, holes are the majority charge carriers, therefore porous silicon can be formed under the action of a positive bias on the silicon anode. For n-type silicon, holes to dissolve silicon is supplied by illuminating n-type silicon with above-band-gap light which allows sufficient generation of holes. To make a desired three-dimensional nano- or micro-structures, pre-structuring the masked surface in KOH solution to form a periodic array of etch pits before electrochemical etching. Due to enhanced electric field, the holes are efficiently collected at the pore tips for etching. The depletion of holes in the space charge region prevents silicon dissolution at the sidewalls, enabling anisotropic etching for the trenches. This is correct theoretical explanation for n-type Si etching. However, there are a few experimental repors in p-type silicon, while a number of theoretical models have been worked out to explain experimental dependence observed. To perform ordered macrofore formaion for p-type silicon, various kinds of mask patterns to make initial KOH etch pits were used. In order to understand the roles played by the kinds of etching solution in the formation of pillar arrays, we have undertaken a systematic study of the solvent effects in mixtures of HF, N-dimethylformamide (DMF), iso-propanol, and mixtures of HF with water on the macrofore structure formation on monocrystalline p-type silicon with a resistivity varying between 10 ~ 0.01 $\Omega$ cm. The etching solution including the iso-propanol produced a best three dimensional pillar structures. The experimental results are discussed on the base of Lehmann's comprehensive model based on SCR width.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartA
• /
• v.11A no.2
• /
• pp.195-202
• /
• 2004

This paper introduces the design or parallel Pipeline high-speed analog-to-digital converter(ADC) for the high-resolution video applications which require very precise sampling. The overall architecture of the ADC consists of 4-channel parallel time-interleaved 10-bit pipeline ADC structure a]lowing 200MSample/s sampling speed which corresponds to 4-times improvement in sampling speed per channel. Key building blocks are composed of the front-end sample-and-hold amplifier(SHA), the dynamic comparator and the 2-stage full differential operational amplifier. The 1-bit DAC, comparator and gain-2 amplifier are used internally in each stage and they were integrated into single switched capacitor architecture allowing high speed operation as well as low power consumption. In this work, the gain of operational amplifier was enhanced significantly using negative resistance element. In the ADC, a delay line Is designed for each stage using D-flip flops to align the bit signals and minimize the timing error in the conversion. The converter has the power dissipation of 280㎽ at 3.3V power supply. Measured performance includes DNL and INL of +0.7/-0.6LSB, +0.9/-0.3LSB.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.27 no.7A
• /
• pp.683-694
• /
• 2002

In this paper, a digital image compression codec using 2D DWT(Discrete Wavelet Transform) is designed using the FPGA technology for real time operation The implemented image compression codec using wavelet decomposition consists of a wavelet kernel part for wavelet filtering process, a quantizer/huffman coder for quantization and huffman encoding of wavelet coefficients, a memory controller for interface with external memories, a input interface to process image pixels from A/D converter, a output interface for reconstructing huffman codes, which has irregular bit size, into 32-bit data having regular size data, a memory-kernel buffer to arrage data for real time process, a PCI interface part, and some modules for setting timing between each modules. Since the memory mapping method which converts read process of column-direction into read process of the row-direction is used, the read process in the vertical-direction wavelet decomposition is very efficiently processed. Global operation of wavelet codec is synchronized with the field signal of A/D converter. The global hardware process pipeline operation as the unit of field and each field and each field operation is classified as decomposition levels of wavelet transform. The implemented hardware used FPGA hardware resource of 11119(45%) LAB and 28352(9％) ESB in FPGA device of APEX20KC EP20k600CB652-7 and mapped into one FPGA without additional external logic. Also it can process 33 frames(66 fields) per second, so real-time image compression is possible.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
• /
• v.19 no.3
• /
• pp.113-119
• /
• 2009

$^{57}Fe_xCu_{1-x}O$(x = 0.0, 0.02) powders were prepared by sol-gel method and their crystallographic and magnetic hyperfine properties have been studied using X-ray diffraction and $M{\ddot{o}}ssbauer$ spectroscopy (MS). The crystal structure of the samples is found to be monoclinic without any secondary phases and their lattice parameters increase with increasing annealing temperature ($T_A$), which is attributed to an increase in oxygen-vacancy content. MS measurements at room temperature indicate that $Fe^{3+}$ ions substitute $Cu^{2+}$ sites and ferromagnetic phase grow with increasing $T_A$. Magnetic hyperfine and quadrupole interactions of $^{57}Fe_{0.02}Cu_{0.98}O$ ($T_A=500^{\circ}C$) in the antiferromagnetic state at 17 K have been studied, yielding the following results: $H_{hf}=426.94\;kOe$, ${\Delta}E_Q=-3.67\;mm/s$, I.S.=0.32 mm/s, ${\theta}=65^{\circ}$, ${\phi}=0^{\circ}$, and ${\eta}=0.6$.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.69-101
• /
• 1995

Using Bi-Digital O-Ring Test which was developed by Ohmura Toshiaki, constitution classification by the vegetables' was measured by various muscle power measurement meters and the results are as follow : 1. Pinch guage (Model : pc5030HPG, Japan) is the guage to measure finger power between the thumb and second finger, Grip Strength Dynamometer (Model : T.K.K. 5101, Japan) is to measure the hand power (hand dynamometer), Back Strength dynamometer (Model : T.K.K. 5102, Japan)is to measue back muscle strength, Vertical Jump Meter (Model : T.K.K. 5106, Japan) is to measure the height of jump. The above guages were used and its result found that the radish, potato, carrot and cucumber can influence to the muscle strength was not true. 2. When the physical constitution is distinguished vy the O-Ring Test method, Taeyangin's rate appeared as average 21% although it was insistedthat there will be only 0.03-0.1%. This means that the influence power of vegetable doest not appear according to the physical constitution but it appears accidently according to the examinee's emotion about the material such as vegetable etc. as favor or unfavor. 3. It was found that the result of O-Ring Test is the same at any time and at any place was not true. there is no reemergence character. 4. The import of O-Ring Test method to the physical discriminatio disregarded that the mental facor influences absolutely to the physical heath in the ideological physical constitution medicla science. 5. 'O-Ring Test method is a objective judgement method'. is wrong judgement. As you see on the above result, Bi-Digital O-Ring Test set the changeable voluntary muscle as the standard of the judgement, that was first mistake logically, second in spite of leass influence of mental influence by the examiner and examinee than the vegetable discrimination influence, the test disregarded the influence. Thire, only grasp of some material on hand can influence to the voluntary was a wrong theory disregarding the physiology. Finally the misunderstaning his subjective view as an objective view in spite of examiner and examinee's strong influence. Therefore such kind of physical descrimination method must be sublated.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.13 no.5
• /
• pp.129-137
• /
• 2015

This study was carried out to verify application motive for consulting upon the path between quality perception and use of results in the government-supported convergence consulting service on SMEs. A survey was conducted on SMEs which went through government-supported consulting, with the following results of the study. First, it turned out that the perception of the quality of consultant's performance and the perception of the quality of the government support have a positive impact on the perception of the quality of consulting results. Second, the perception of the quality of consultant's performance has a positive impact on the use of consulting results. Third, it was proved that the perception of the quality of the government support has no impact on the use of consulting results. Fourth, it was demonstrated that the perception of the quality of consulting results has a positive impact on the use of consulting results. Fifth, it turned out that there is a difference in paths of non-voluntary application group and application group and application group for consulting service. This study implies that it is necessary to reinforce consultant's competence, government support system and voluntary application for consulting.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
• /
• v.46 no.5
• /
• pp.66-79
• /
• 2009

In this paper, we propose a new adaptive intra coding technique using 1-D and 2-D integer transforms for improving coding efficiency of H.264/AVC. Proposed technique selects the most effective transform and prediction mode for each block after processing 1-D and 2-D transforms of all prediction modes. In case of using 1-D transform, $4{\times}4$ block is divided into four $1{\times}4$ or $4{\times}1$ subblocks and then each subblock is predicted and subtracted by using the decoded subblock located at the nearest position in the direction of prediction. After prediction error subblock is processed by 1-D transform and quantization, four subblocks are merged back into original $4{\times}4$ block and then, reordered as 1-D signal by a DC biased zigzag scanning pattern according to the prediction mode. Finally, comparing the coding efficiency between bitstreams based on 1-D transform and conventional 2-D transform, prediction mode and quantized coefficients for each block are decided and corresponding quantized coefficients are transmitted. Experimental results show that the proposed adaptive technique increases 0.34dB in BD-PSNR and decreases 4.03% in BD-Bitrate on the average compared with H.264/AVC.

• Journal of IKEEE
• /
• v.20 no.3
• /
• pp.220-225
• /
• 2016

In this paer, low on-resistance and high-power trench gate MOSFET (Metal-Oxide-Silicon Field Effect Transistor) incorporating current sensing FET (Field Effect Transistor) is proposed and evaluated. The trench gate power MOSFET was fabricated with $0.6{\mu}m$ trench width and $3.0{\mu}m$ cell pitch. Compared with the main switching MOSFET, the on-chip current sensing FET has the same device structure and geometry. In order to improve cell density and device reliability, self-aligned trench etching and hydrogen annealing techniques were performed. Moreover, maintaining low threshold voltage and simultaneously improving gate oxide relialility, the stacked gate oxide structure combining thermal and CVD (chemical vapor deposition) oxides was adopted. The on-resistance and breakdown voltage of the high density trench gate device were evaluated $24m{\Omega}$ and 100 V, respectively. The measured current sensing ratio and it's variation depending on the gate voltage were approximately 70:1 and less than 5.6 %.