• Bulletin of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.56-72
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• 1990

The hydrodynamic aspects of bow flare impact are discussed and the assumptions implicit in typical flare impact calculations are examined. Calculations based upon a pressure release free surface boundary condition are presented. While this simplified boundary condition eliminates the possibility of important factors such as splash-up and above-surface wetting, it has the significant advantage of being computationally simple. Both three-dimensional and two-dimensional results are compared with experiments. Errors resulting from the approximate free surface condition are examined. Also included in the two-dimensional and three-dimensional analysis are longitudinal distributions of the vertical bending moment and vertical shear force.

• Composites Research
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.17-24
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• 2007

In this study, the failure modes by ballistic impacts were studied both for a neat Kevlar woven fabric and a Kevlar liquid armor impregnated with shear thickening fluid (STF) containing silica particles. These two materials showed quite different failure modes macroscopically in ballistic impacts tests used by Cal.22 FSP and 9mm FMJ bullet. Yarn pull-out for the neat Kevlar woven fabric and yarn fracture occurred partially through all plies from 1st ply to last one for the STF-Kevlar are an important energy absorption mechanisms. The results observed by S.E.M showed commonly fiber damage which are torn skin in the longitudinal fiber direction, fiber split axially and fiber fracture for two materials. The reasons why STF-kevlar liquid armor material exhibits excellent ballistic performance are as follow: firstly the increased friction forces between yarn-yarn and fabric-fabric covered with silica particles and secondary the evolution of shear thickening phenomenmon resulting in suppression of yarn mobility.

• Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.45-50
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• 1999

Copper has been widely used for the electronic parts, and especially spot welded one for the leads of condenser or resistor. However, copper is generally hard to be spot welded because of its low electrical resistivity. For this experiment, Sn-37%Pb solder which has relatively higher resistivity was coated on the Cu-sheet to improve the spot weldability of copper. As the experimental variables welding pressure was varied from 100 to 200kgf, welding time from 20 to 50ms, and welding current from 100 to 2500A. Experimental results showed that the solder coated Cu-sheet can be spot welded under the conditions of 400~2200A welding current, 100~200kgf pressure and 20-50ms welding time. The tensile shear strength of the spot welded joint increased with welding current up to the critical current, and after the critical value decreased with current.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.41 no.12
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• pp.967-974
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• 2013

Recently the authors had proposed the z-pinning patch concept to simply manufacture z-pinned composite structures at industrial production site and manufactured composite single-lap shear joint specimens using the concept. Through static tensile test on the specimens they had obtained 54~68% improvement of the joint strength. As a sequential study of it, in this study, fatigue test has performed to measure an improvement of joint strength under cyclic loading. The z-pin's material is stainless steel and its surface was specially machined into zagged shapes and chemically corroded to increase the connection force with composite materials. Approximately 98~125% improvement of the joint strength under cyclic loading was obtained.

• Composites Research
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.371-376
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• 2020

The adhesive strength can be improved through surface treatment. The most common method is to improve physical bonding by varying the surface conditions. This study presents the effect of laser surface treatment on the adhesive strength of CFRP. The surface roughness was patterned using a 1064 nm laser. The effects of the number of laser shots and the direction and length of the pattern on the adhesion of the CFRP/CFRP single joint were investigated through tensile tests. Tests according to ASTM D5868 were performed, and the bonding mechanism was determined by analyzing the damaged surface after a fracture. The optimized number of the laser shots and the optimized depth of the roughness should be required to increase the bonding strength on the CFRP surface. When considering the shear stress in the tensile direction, the roughness pattern in the direction of 45° that increases the length of the fracture path in the adhesive layer resulted in an increase of the adhesive strength. The surface treatment of the bonding surface using a laser is a suitable method to acquire a mechanical bonding mechanism and improve the bonding strength of the CFRP bonding joint. The study on the optimized laser process parameters is required for utilizing the benefits of laser surface processing.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.309-316
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• 1996

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of salivary contamination of etched enamel on shear bond strength of a bracket adhered to etched enamel. Eighty extracted human permanent premolars were used in this study. These samples were divided into two groups. Buccal surface of samples were etched in vitro with 38% phosphoric acid for 15 seconds and 60 seconds. Each group was divided into four subgroups. Etched enamel surfaces were contaminated with saliva for 0, 1, 20, 60 seconds, washed and dried. Test surfaces were examined using scanning electron microscope(SEM). The shear bond strength of each sample was determined with a universal testing instrument(Instron Co. Model 4201). Results were as follows; 1. Salivary contamination for 1, 20, 60 seconds did not affect shear bond strength when compared with the uncontaminated enamel group. 2 There was no significant difference(P>.05) in shear bond strength between 15 sec. and 60 sec. etching in uncontaminated enamel groups. 3. When samples were examined using SEM, organic materials coated enamel surface masked the etched pattern partially.

• Proceedings of the Korea Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.127-127
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• 2001

종이의 공극은 도공용 원지 또는 인쇄 용지로 사용될 때 도공액과 잉크 조성분의 침 투 거동에 영향을 미침으로써 여러 가지 물리적 성질에 변화를 가져온다. 도공 공정의 경우, 도공액에 포함되어 있는 물과 수용성 고분자 물질의 원지 침투는 도공 작업성과 도공층의 구조에 변화를 가져 올 수 있다. 이러한 변화는 물을 포함한 수용성 물질의 원지 침투가 빨라질 때 도공액의 고형화점 상승에 의한 원지 피복력 저하에 따른 도공 지의 평활성 감소를 가져온다. 또한 높은 전단력이 가해지는 블레이드 도공에서는 도피 직전 도공액의 수분 이탈이 급격하게 일어날 경우 블레이드에서 도공액의 유동성 저하 가 발생됨으로써 여러가지 문제점을 나타낸다고 보고 된 바 있다. 인쇄 공정의 경우에 는 도공층이 잉크의 직접적인 기질(substrate)로 작용되어 잉크 성분의 잔류 및 침투 거동에 영향을 미친다. 즉 지나치게’발달된공극 특성을 지닌 도공층에서는 잉크 안료가 적절한 결합력을 가지고 도공층에 정착되기 전에 잉크 속의 레진과 용제가 도공층의 공극으로 소실됨으로써 인쇄 완료 후 작은 외력에도 잉크 층이 파괴되는 효킹 ( (chalking) 현상이 일어난다. 그러나 과도한 바인더의 적용과 미세한 안료의 사용에 따 라 도공층의 공극이 폐쇄될 경우에는 인쇄 후 잉크의 건조가 늦어져 인쇄 작업성의 저 해 요인으로써 작용한다. 종이의 공극성과 인쇄적성은 주지하는 바와 같이 불가분의 관계에 있으며, 본 연구에 서는 피인쇄체로서 공극성을 달리한 세 종류의 도공지를 제조하고 실험실적으로 제조 된 잉크를 사용하여 각각의 특성에 따른 잉크의 잔류 특성에 대하여 고찰해 보고자 하 였다. 특히 인쇄 전 피인쇄체의 공극 특성에 따른 인쇄 전후의 공극율 변화와 주요 인 쇄 적성간의 관계에 대해 초점을 맞추었다.시아노에틸화한 PYA용액의 점탄성 평가를 위하여 storage modulus와 loss modulus 를 분석하였다. 일반적 유변특성 평가 결과 PYA용액은 shear-thinning, pseudoplastic 한 특성을 나타내어 표면사이즈 공정에서의 적용 가능성을 확인할 수 있었다. 사용하는 통계기법 중의 하나인 주성분회귀분석을 실시하였다. 주성분 분석은 여러 개의 반응변수에 대하여 얻어진 다변량 자료의 다차원적인 변 수들을 축소, 요약하는 차원의 단순화와 더불어 서로 상관되어있는 반응변수들 상호간 의 복잡한 구조를 분석하는 기법이다. 본 발표에서는 공정 자료를 활용하여 인공신경망 과 주성분분석을 통해 공정 트러블의 발생에 영향 하는 인자들을 보다 현실적으로 추 정하고, 그 대책을 모색함으로써 이를 최소화할 수 있는 방안을 소개하고자 한다.금 빛 용사 둥과 같은 표면처리를 할 경우임의 소재 표면에 도금 및 용 사에 용이한 재료를 오버레이용접시킨 후 표면처리를 함으로써 보다 고품질의 표면층을 얻기위한 시도가 이루어지고 있다. 따라서 국내, 외의 오버레이 용접기술의 적용현황 및 대표적인 적용사례, 오버레이 용접기술 및 용접재료의 개발현황 둥을 중심으로 살펴봄으로서 아직 국내에서는 널리 알려지지 않은 본 기 술의 활용을 넓이고자 한다. within minimum time from beginning of the shutdown.및 12.36%, $101{\sim}200$일의 경우 12.78% 및 12.44%, 201일 이상의 경우 13.17% 및 11.30%로 201일 이상의 유기의 경우에만 대조구와 삭제 구간에 유의적인(p<0.05) 차이를 나타내었다.는 담수(淡水)에서 10%o의 해수(海水)로 이주된지 14일(日) 이후에 신장(腎臟)에서 수축된 것으로

• Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.31-35
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• 2022

Recently, with the 4th industrial revolution, the demand for high-density semiconductors for large-capacity data processing is increasing. Researchers are interested in researching the reliability of surface mount technology (SMT). In this study, the effect of PCB pad design on assembly and adhesion reliability of passive component was analyzed using design of experiment (DOE). The DOE method was established using the pad length, width, and distance between pads of the PCB as variables. The assembly defect rate of the passive element after the reflow process was derived according to the misplacement direction of the chip resistor. The shear force between the passive element and the PCB was measured using shear tests. In addition, the shape of the solder according to the pad design was analyzed through cross-sectional analysis.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.56 no.4
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• pp.269-277
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• 2018

Purpose: This study examined the effects of glass infiltration treatments on the shear bond strength (SBS) between zirconia core and ultra low-fusing porcelain veneer. Materials and methods: The zirconia specimens were classified into 4 groups (n = 12): Untreated zirconia (group Z), zirconia coated ZirLiner (group ZL), glass-infiltrated zirconia (group ZG), glass-infiltrated and sandblasted zirconia (group ZGS). A cylinder of ultra low-fusing veneer porcelain was build up on each disk ($6mm{\times}3mm$). SBS was measured using a universal testing machine. Scanning electron microscope and Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy were used to evaluate the surface of zirconia and failure pattern after SBS. Results: SBS value of group ZGS was significantly lower than that of other groups (P < .05). No significant differences were detected among group ZL, group Z and group ZG. Conclusion: Glass infiltration is not effective to the bond strength between zirconia and ultra low-fusing porcelain veneer. Sandblasting also dramatically decreased the bonding strength.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 1999.10a
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• pp.255-262
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• 1999

This paper summarizes the results of a study which uses the recently developed Optical Profile Microscopy technique (Dove and Frost, 1996) as the basis for investigating the role of geomembrane surface roughness on the shear strength of goomembrane/geotextile interfaces. The results show that interface friction can be quantitatively related to the surface roughness of the geomembrane. The peak and residual interface strengths increase dramatically through the use of textured geomembranes as opposed to smooth geomembranes. For the smooth geomembranes, the sliding of the geotextile is the main shear mechanism. For the textured geomembranes, the peak interface strength is mainly mobilized through the micro-texture of the geomembrane, however, the residual interface strength is primarily attributed to macro scale surface roughness which pulls out and breaks the filaments from the geotextile. The results of this study can be extended to the other interfaces such as joints in rock mass, and also can be used to provide a quantitative framework that can lead to a significantly improved basis for the selection and design of geotextiles and geomembranes in direct contact.