• Spatial Information Research
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to develope BIM Template according to major building material for efficiently and quantitatively evaluating greenhouse gas emission at the design stage. Template users consider various environmental impacts without connecting simulation tools for analyzing environmental impact and Template users who have no prior knowledge can Life Cycle Assessment by using The green template. For this study, Database which was reflected in template was constructed considering environmental performance. and 6 kinds of environmental impact categories and PPS standard construction codes were analyzed by major building material derived from literature. Based on this analyzed data, The major Material Family according to the main building material was developed. When users conduct modeling by utilizing Family established, evaluating result can be confirmed in the Revit BIM Modeling program by using the schedule function of the Revit. Users through the modeling, the decision-making environment performance possible. In addition, we propose to create a guideline for the steps required to build an additional established family.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.39 no.9
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• pp.527-533
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• 2017

Environmental concern about smart phone is growing because it has short product life span while having intensive production technology and cost. In this study environmental impact of the smart phone is quantified using the LCA methodology based on the ISO 14040 series standards. The assessment considers potential environmental impacts across the whole life cycle of the smart phone including; pre-manufacturing; manufacturing; distribution; product use; and end-of-life stages. The pre-manufacturing stage is the most dominant life cycle stage causing the highest environmental impacts among all 10 impact categories assessed. The global warming impacts of the smart phone in the pre-manufacturing, distribution, use, manufacturing, and end-of-life stages were 52.6% 23.9%, 15.7%, 7.0%, and 0.8%, respectively. Sensitivity of the life cycle impact assessment results to the system boundary definition and assumptions made were quite high. Three components of the smart phone, PCB, battery, and display module were identified as the key components causing majority of the potential environmental impact in the pre-manufacturing stage. As such the slim and light-weight design and the use of environmental friendly materials are important design factors for reducing the environmental impact of the smart phone.

• The Korean Journal of Financial Management
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.119-156
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• 1999

본 연구는 우리나라 기업지배권 시장에서 합병이 과연 새로운 부를 창출하는가를 상장기업들 간의 합병사례를 이용하여 실증적으로 분석한다. 이를 위해, 우리나리 증권시장에서 1980년에서부터 1997년까지의 기간동안 성공적으로 이루어진 상장기업 간 합병사례 중에서 34개 합병기업 및 합병대상기업을 표본기업으로 선정하여, 공시일과 최종 합병일을 전후로 한 합병절차의 전과정에서 발생하는 합병의 가치효과를 추정한다. 실증분석 결과, 합병기업 및 합병대상기업의 주주들은 선행연구의 결과와는 달리 합병절차의 전과정을 통해 새로운 부의 창출에 기여하지 못하는 것으로 나타났다. 합병대상기업의 경우에는 오히려 합병 공시일에서 최종 합병일까지의 중간기간 동안에 유의적인 음의 초과수익률을 얻는 것으로 나타났다. 특히, 합병대상기업의 규모가 합병기업에 비해 상대적으로 작을수록, 합병대상기업의 경영부실화가 심할수록, 공시일-합병일 중간기간에서 발견되는 합병대상기업의 주주 부의 감소가 더욱 확대된다는 것을 발견하였다. 이러한 연구 결과는, 우리나라 기업지배권 시장에서 합병기업이 주주의 부를 극대화시키는 동기에서 합병을 추진하고 있지 않다는 것을 시사해 주고 있다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Information Management Conference
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• 1998.08a
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• pp.155-158
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• 1998

도서관이나 정보센터가 전자환경에서 전자자료를 어떻게 수집하고 관리할 것인가를 자료의 계획, 선택 및 평가, 수서, 장서구축과 관련된 업무 전과정에서 변화된 측면을 분석하고 각 단계별로 변화된 상황에서 효과적으로 전자정보관리를 위한 방안으로 도서관간의 협력체제 구축과 자료선정 및 평가기준 개발, 업무 전과정의 정보를 통합적으로 관리할 수 있는 참고도구의 개발을 제안한다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.267-274
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• 2011

The environmental impacts of 95% remediation of a total petroleum hydrocarbon-contaminated soil were evaluated using life cycle assessment (LCA). LCA of two remediation systems, soil vapor extraction (SVE) and biopile, were conducted by using imput materials and energy listed in a remedial system standardization report. Life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) results showed that the environmental impacts of SVE were all higher than those of biopile. Prominent four environmental impacts, human toxicity via soil, aquatic ecotoxicity, human toxicity via surface water and human toxicity via air, were apparently found from the LCIA results of the both remedial systems. Human toxicity via soil was the prominent impact of SVE, while aquatic ecotoxicity was the prominent impact of biopile. This study also showed that the operation stage and the activated carbon replacement stage contributed 60% and 36% of the environmental impacts of SVE system, respectively. The major input affecting the environmental impact of SVE was electricity. The operation stage of biopile resulted in the highest contribution to the entire environmental impact. The key input affecting the environmental impact of biopile was also electricity. This study suggested that electricity reduction strategies would be tried in the contaminated-soil remediation sites for archieving less environmental impacts. Remediation of contaminated soil normally takes long time and thus requires a great deal of material and energy. More extensive life cycle researches on remedial systems are required to meet recent national challenges toward carbon dioxide reduction and green growth. Furthermore, systematic information on electricity use of remedial systems should be collected for the reliable assessment of environmental impacts and carbon dioxide emissions during soil remediation.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.189-194
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• 2010

As the seriousness of the global environment is gaining our attention recently, studies on application of LCA(Life Cycle Assessment) to ship are being carried out dynamically in various industrial fields. This study was carried out to examine the application of LCA to ships and was focused on the inventory analysis on global warming gas from merchant cargo ships. Two merchant cargo ships were adopted as ship models. Actual voyage data of at last several years was used to analysis the ship's exhaust gas inventory. The analysis shows how many weight of global warming gas being exhausted to transport 1 ton of each cargo per 1 nautical mile.

• Explosives and Blasting
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.9-16
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• 2023

To compare the global warming impact of the TBM and NATM method, which are representative tunnel excavation methods, a life cycle assessment was performed for each method. Life cycle assessment should compare the sum of carbon emissions by considering the pre-manufacturing stage, product manufacturing stage, usage stage, and disposal stage. However, access to TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) manufacturing and disposal data is limited, so I had no choice but to focus on the analysis for the usage stage. In general, carbon emissions during the pre-product manufacturing stage and product manufacturing stage often exceed 90% of carbon emissions throughout the entire process. Therefore, since it is difficult to achieve the analysis goal only by comparing the usage stage, the analysis scope was expanded, and carbon emissions for the process were calculated for the NATM method with access to manufacturing data. As a result of comparing the relative impact on global warming, the carbon emissions of the TBM method were found to be higher than those of the NATM method even though TBM method was only considered for the usage stage. So there it is, the NATM method can be seen as environmentally friendly in the future when considering the impact of climate change (global warming), which has recently attracted attention among environmental impact fields.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2013.11a
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• pp.1474-1475
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• 2013

부항은 열 또는 음압(陰壓)장치에 의하여 부항단지 안에 음압을 조성하여 피부에 붙임으로써 피를 뽑거나 울혈(鬱血)을 일으키며 물리적 자극을 주어 병을 치료한다. 부항으로 얻어지는 물리적인 자극은 혈액순환을 촉진하고, 죽은피를 빼냄으로써 혈관을 자극하고 그로인해 다양한 효과를 얻는다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 신장에 해당하는 명문혈을 자극하여 신장과 관련된 음성분석 요소의 변화를 측정하였다. 이를 위해 신장에 이상이 없는 피실험자 10명을 선정하고 신장에 해당하는 명문혈을 자극하기 전과 후의 음성을 수집하였다. 실험은 음성분석 요소 중 신장과 관련된 1 Formant Bandwidth를 적용하여 신장 명문혈 자극 전과 후의 변화를 측정, 분석하였다. 실험 결과, 90%의 피실험자가 값이 감소하는 현상을 보였으며, 이를 통해 명문혈 자극에 따른 신장과 음성신호와의 상관성을 분석할 수 있었다.

• Clean Technology
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.85-89
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• 2015

Utilized in a variety of electronic components, electronic components industry with metallic ink technology was established itself as a major technology research and development was gradually increasing, silver ink that is excellent in conductivity and stability, have long been used in the industry of electronic components in recent years and silver ink has been the size of nanoscale particles dispersed by developing display, an electronic tag, a flexible circuit board or the like used in the semiconductor and electronics as has been highlighted in, however industry modernization of equipment by increasing the production and consumption of products generated during the production process and environmental pollutants by use of waste products is expected to bring a serious environmental problem. In this study, prepared by a wet reduction method, the manufacturing process of the silver nano-ink to the entire process of the environmental impact assessment (LCA) was evaluated using the techniques. Life cycle assessment software GaBi 6 was used as received from the relevant agencies of the silver nano-ink data with reference to the manufacturing process, building inventory was international organization for standardization (ISO) 14040, 14044 compliant LCA conducted over four stages.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.31 no.4A
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• pp.269-278
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• 2011

Recently, methods on minimizing environmental effect caused from human-made goods have been studied in various research fields. Such issue has been also spotlighted into the civil engineering field; however, application of environmental performance assessment on civil structures is very complicated, since they handles vast ranges of materials and has comparatively long life span with various construction stages. Thus, this study intended to apply environmental performance assessment into an ordinary type of steel box girder bridge, using most popular Life cycle assessment (LCA) procedures, which are called Survey-based method and Indirect method. For better comparison of two methods, greenhouse effect of the example bridge is considered. As result of analysis, total $CO_2$ emission is evaluated as 241.27 ton with Survey-based method while it is evaluated as 221.03 ton with Indirect method. It is also revealed that most $CO_2$ is generated from the process of manufacturing and producing construction materials. Such result indicates that the efficient design which secures certain level of structural safety with minimized input materials. It is considered that the specific LCA on civil structure performed in this study could be utilized to other civil structures for reasonable environmental performance assessment.