• Journal of rehabilitation welfare engineering & assistive technology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.187-198
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• 2017

In this study, we analyzed the accessibility of open platform Android mobile banking applications, based on Korean mobile application accessibility KS standard, Section 508 technical standard of Rehabilitation Act, and European BBC guidelines. Experimental result showed that there are no mobile banking applications of 8 commercial banks in Korea that satisfy all guidelines of three standards. Typical violations included missing alternative text, keyboard focus violations, control size and spacing non-compliance, and low contrast ratio. These violations are fatal in that they make the accessibility of the blind, the disabled and the low vision and the elderly impossible. The reason that mobile banking applications do not comply with accessibility is that mobile application developers and providers have low awareness of accessibility and do not know how to implement accessibility properly. Comparing Korea mobile application accessibility guidelines with the revised standard of the Section 508 of Rehabilitation Act and the BBC standard, many guidelines are missing. Also, evaluation criteria are ambiguous and abstract, making it difficult for developers to refer specifically. Therefore, improving mobile application accessibility requires developer and government efforts and complementation of standards.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.159-167
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to find out preschool children's health status and their mothers' health management in the vulnerable classes. Methods: The assessment tool was developed, taken into consideration existing studies, materials produced by the customized visiting health care system, and review of visiting nurses of health centers and related experts. Data were collected January to February 2010 from 259 mothers by visiting nurses, and analyzed using SAS program for descriptive statistics. Results: Body weight less than 3 percentile was found for 5.0% children and over 97 percentile for 7.7%. Atopy was found in 17.8% children, no hand-washing after toileting and before meal in 30.9% and 36.7% respectively, no breakfast in 15.8%, and irregular meal in 32.0%. Sex education was made by 45.7% mothers, regular dental check by 56.6%, and hearing and eyesight test by 61.1% and 66.8% respectively. Home environment for upbringing is 34.3 in the scale of 41, and accident prevention 17.5 in the scale of 22. Conclusion: It is necessary to make an intervention on children's weight, personal sanitation and meal time in the vulnerable classes. Mothers need to be educated for appropriate health care, and home environments to improve upbringing and accident prevention.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.109-114
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was designed to investigate the condition of refractive correction on wearing glasses currently of elementary school children and their accommodative ability in Jinju city. Methods: Objective refraction, subjective refraction, amplitude of accommodation, negative and positive accommodation, accommodative facility, and dynamic retinoscopy were examined on 60 elemenary school children who aged 8~12 wearing myopiacorrected glasses. Results: The condition of refractive corrections was distributed that a case of full correction was 11.7%, a case of low correction with more than 0.8 visual acuity (VA) was 10%, and a case of low correction with less than 0.8 VA was 78.3% in wearing glasses currently. In results from examination of accommodative ability, the number of children having accommodative anomaly is 8 persons (13.3%), they were divided into accommodation insufficiency (4 persons), accommodative facility insufficiency (2 persons), accommodation excess (1 person), and accommodation insufficiency related to ocular function (1 person). Conclusions: It is demanded a periodic inspection of refractive correction to growing children, and the refractive correction after due consideration to accommodative ability is really needed.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.489-493
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• 2013

Purpose: This study was to investigate peripheral vision and provide people with macular degeneration with a guideline for eccentric viewing training. Methods: 30 adult subjects with normal vision took part in this study. The lateral area of $20^{\circ}$ eccentricity from the fovea of right eye was only used to measure the physiological summation. The target was sinusoidal vertical gratings within a circular aperture. The critical points in spatial and temporal summation was found to compare each other for 0.7 cpd and 3.0 cpd, respectively. Results: Critical duration and contrast sensitivity for 0.7 cpd were 540 ms and 1.1, and 315 ms and 0.98 for 3.0 cpd respectively. The critical degrees and contrast sensitivity for 0.7 cpd were $11.3^{\circ}$ and 2.8, and $5^{\circ}$ and 2.63 for 3.0 cpd respectively. Conclusions: The critical point in peripheral vision reaches relatively faster than the one in central vision. It is recommended to train the peripheral retina under the lower spatial frequency more frequently for a short time than constantly for a long time.

• Journal of Service Research and Studies
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.186-200
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• 2023

This study aims to improve the usability of the white cane, which is walking equipment that most local visually impaired people use and carry when going out, and to contribute to the prevention of safety accidents and the walking rights of visually impaired people by providing improvement and resolution measures for the problems identified. Also, this study is a study on the visually impaired, primarily targeting the 1st to 2nd degree visually impaired people, who cannot go out on their own without walking equipment such as a white cane, corresponding to 20% among approximately 250,000 blind and low vision people in the Korean population. In the study process, the concept has been developed from the user's point of view in order that the white cane becomes a real help in the walking step of the visually impaired and the improvement of usability of the white cane, the main walking equipment for the visually impaired, are done by problem identification through the Double Diamond Model of Design Thinking (Empathize → Define → Ideate → Prototype → Test (verify)). As a result of the investigation in the process of Empathy, a total of five issues was synthesized, including an increase in the proportion of the visually impaired people, an insufficient workforce situation to help all the visually impaired, an improvement and advancement of assistive devices essential for the visually impaired, problems of damage, illegal occupation, demolition, maintenance about braille blocks, making braille block paradigms for the visually impaired and for everyone. In Ideate and Prototype steps, situations derived from brainstorming were grouped and the relationship were made through the KJ method, and specific situations and major causes were organized to establish the direction of the concept. The derived solutions and major functions are defined in four categories, and representative situations requiring solutions and major functions are organized into two user scenarios. Ideas were visualized by arranging the virtual Persona and Customer Journey Map according to the situation and producing a prototype through 3D modeling. Finally, in the evaluation, the final concept derived is a device such a smart cane for guidance for the visually impaired as ① a smart cane emphasizing portability + ② compatibility with other electronic devices + ③ a product with safety and convenience.