Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.14479/jkoos.2013.18.4.489

Study on Physiological Summation in Peripheral Retina for Eccentric Viewing Training  

Seo, Jae-Myoung (Dept. of Optometry, Gwangyang Health College)
Lee, Ki-Young (Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, Chonnam National University)
Publication Information
Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society / v.18, no.4, 2013 , pp. 489-493 More about this Journal
Abstract
Purpose: This study was to investigate peripheral vision and provide people with macular degeneration with a guideline for eccentric viewing training. Methods: 30 adult subjects with normal vision took part in this study. The lateral area of $20^{\circ}$ eccentricity from the fovea of right eye was only used to measure the physiological summation. The target was sinusoidal vertical gratings within a circular aperture. The critical points in spatial and temporal summation was found to compare each other for 0.7 cpd and 3.0 cpd, respectively. Results: Critical duration and contrast sensitivity for 0.7 cpd were 540 ms and 1.1, and 315 ms and 0.98 for 3.0 cpd respectively. The critical degrees and contrast sensitivity for 0.7 cpd were $11.3^{\circ}$ and 2.8, and $5^{\circ}$ and 2.63 for 3.0 cpd respectively. Conclusions: The critical point in peripheral vision reaches relatively faster than the one in central vision. It is recommended to train the peripheral retina under the lower spatial frequency more frequently for a short time than constantly for a long time.
Keywords
Eccentric viewing training; Contrast sensitivity; Physiological summation; Rod cell;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Nakayama K. The iconic bottleneck and the tenuous link between early visual processing and perception. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 1990;411- 422.
2 Schumacher EH, Jacko JA, Primo SA, Main KL, Moloney KP, Kinzel EN et al. Reorganization of visual processing is related to eccentric viewing in patients with macular degeneration. Restor Neurol Neurosci. 2008;26(4-5):391-402.
3 Nilsson UL, Frennesson C, Nillsson SE. Patients with AMD and a large absolute central scotoma can be trained successfully to use eccentric viewing, as demonstrated in a scanning laser ophthalmoscope. Vis Res. 2003;43(16):1777-1787.   DOI   ScienceOn
4 Schreckenbach U. Untersuchung zum Erfolg einer adaptierten Variante des exzentrischen Sehtrainings nach Nilsson bei Sehbehinderungen mit Zentralskotom. Diplomarbeit, Fachhochschule Jena, Germany. 2006.
5 Sharpley R, Lam DM-L. Contrast sensitivity; Proceedings of the retina research foundation symposia, Vol 5. London: The MIT Press, 1993;201-213.
6 Rovamo J, Luntinen O, Nasanen R. Modelling the dependence of contrast sensitivity on grating area and spatial frequency. Vis Res. 1993;33(18):2773-2788.   DOI   ScienceOn
7 Balas B, Nakano L, Rosenholtz R. A summary-statistic representation in peripheral vision explains visual crowding. J Vis. 2009;9(12):13.1-18.
8 Tyler CW, Mcbride B. The morphonome image psychophysics software and a calibrator for macintosh systems. Spatial Vis. 1997;10(4):479-484.   DOI   ScienceOn
9 Cheung SH, Legge GE. Functional and cortical adaptations to central vision loss. Vis Neurosci. 2005;22(2):187-201.
10 Rovamo J, Virsu V, Laurinen P, Hyvarinen L. Resolution of gratings oriented along and across meridians in peripheral vision. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1982;23(5):666-670.
11 Seo JM. Analysis of the visual function in low vision patients and normals in Canada, using contrast sensitivity. J Korean Oph Opt Soc. 2009;14(3):83-88.
12 Luntinen O, Rovamo J, Nasanen R. Modelling the increase of contrast sensitivity with grating area and exposure time. Vis Res. 1995;35(16):2339-2346.   DOI   ScienceOn
13 Wertheim T, Peripheral visual acuity: Th. Wertheim, Trans. Dunsky, I.L. American Journal of Optometry and Physiological Optics. 1980;57(12):915-924.   DOI
14 Maino JH, Carty RE. Part II. Victors: A model for the provision of low vision services to the partially sighted veteran. J Am Optom Assoc. 1983;54(11):991-993.
15 Watson GR, De l'Aune WR, Stelmack JA, Maino JH, Long S. National survey of the impact of low vision device use among veterans. Optom Vis Sci. 1997;74(5):249-259.   DOI   ScienceOn
16 Fahle M, Schid M. Naso-temporal asymmetry of visual perception and of the visual cortex. Vis Res. 1988;28(2):293- 300.   DOI   ScienceOn