• 한국해양학회지
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.164-172
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• 1992

This study was carried out to investigate the benthic polchaete community in the southern area of Kyeonggi Bay, Korea. The species composition was examined in Asan Bay in 1985, the coastal area near Yibug in 1987, the area between Daeranjido and Asan Bay for 1988-1989, and the offshore south of Deogjeogdo in 1992. Polychaetes, the dominant faunal group occupying 57.4% in total density, comprised a total of 124 species with a mean density of 211 indiv.m/SUP -2/. The dominant polychaete was Prionospio sp. (28.8%), followed by Nephtys polybranchia (6.0%), Tharyx sp. (4.8%) Stermaspis scutata (4.4%), Lumbrineris longifolia (3.9%). The Number of species and density were higher in the coastal area near Yibug, Asan Bay and the mouth of Namyang Bay, while lower in the channels of offshore region. The cluster analysis revealed that the study area could be divided into 5 regions, which were distributed serially along the coast from Asan Bay to open sea. Each region sustained its specific Bay, Stermaspis-Heteromastus assemblage from Asan Bay to Daeranjido, Hemipodus assemblage in the channels of offshore, Lumbrineris assemblage on the coastal area o Yibug and Prionospio assemblage in the coastal area south of Yibug. Tharyx-Chone assemblage had the highest species number of 75 spp. and Prionospio assemblage had the highest density of 3,695 indiv.m/SUP -2/ due to the predominance of prionospio sp.. Hemipodus assemblage with the lowest density occupied the largest area in offshore region. The southern Kyeonggi Bay showed higher species number and lower density than the northern Kyeonggi Bay. But the dominant Polychaetes were similar between the southern Bay and the channel regions of the northern Bay.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.313-329
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• 1996

The present study was based on the specimens collected from the Yellow Sea between Sept. 17 and Oct. 2, 1992 within the framework of Korea-China Yellow Sea Research Joint Program. Additional materials were also provided from the benthic samples collected from the tidal mud flats surrounding Inchon, Korea and from the subtidal shallow waters of the Kwang-yang Bay in the southern coast of Korea. Paraonid polychaetes have not been previously reported form Korea waters. Here, a total of six species in two genera are described and illustrated, and they are newly recorded in Korea polychaetous fauna : Cirrophorus furcatus, Cirrophorus armatus, Cirrophorus branchiatus, Aricidea (Aedicira) pacifica, Aricidea (Aricidea) wassi, adn Aficidea (Acesta) assimilis.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.125-138
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• 2011

This study was conducted to investigate the benthic condition around Busan Port by analysing spatio-temporal distribution pattern of polychaete community and some benthic environmental factors. Field survey was seasonally carried out at 15 stations covering in and outside of Busan Port from February to December, 2007. Water temperature, salinity and the type of surface sediment showed little changes among the stations, but factors related to organic enrichment such as TOC, AVS, coprostanol showed an obvious contrast, especially between in and outside of Busan Port. A total of96 species occurred and mean density was 1,814 ind./$m^2$. Species richness was higher at outer port than inner port, but density was higher at inner port. Dominant species were Aphelochaeta monilaris, Magelona japonica, Pseudopolydora paucibranchiata, etc. and many of them were typical species of organically enriched area. From the multivariate analyses, the whole study area was composed of two distinct polychaete communities located at the inside and outside of the port, and seasonal changes didn't have any influential effects on the structure. Coprostanol and AVS, indicators of organically enriched condition, well explained the community structures of polychaete worms in the vicinity of Busan Port. In this context, the innermost area of North Harbor was in a highly enriched state.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.287-304
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• 2007

This study was carried out to investigate spatio-temporal variations of benthic environment and macrobenthic polychaete communities in Gamak Bay where excessive organic matters from untreated sewage effluents and fish and shellfish farming activities have been accumulated in certain regions. Such environmental variables as sediment composition, organic content, acid volatile sulfide and dissolved oxygen content etc. were measured and polychaete specimens were taken in September 1999 and February 2000. In September 1999, organic contents were up to three times higher in the northwestern part of the bay and the area closed to Gukdong harbor than in the rest of the bay. In particular, benthic environment of the northwestern part of the bay was extremely deteriorated by the occurrence of hypoxia and highly concentrated sulfide. Of 28 stations investigated in summer, 5 stations located in the northwestern part were azoic. In the rest of the stations, a total of 119 polychaete species were sampled with a mean density of 900 $ind./m^2$. While species richness was higher in the entrance and central part of the bay where water exchanges with open sea were relatively active, density was higher in the moderately enriched stations neighbouring Gukdong harbor and fish farms where such potential indicators of organic pollution as Aphelochaeta monilaris, Lumbrineris longifolia were largely dominant. In February 2000, a total of 81 polychaete species appeared with a mean density of 2,802 $ind./m^2$ from 12 stations sampled in winter. Azoic areas were recolonized by Capitella capitata, Pseudopolydora paucibranchiata and Dipolydora socialis which showed maximum density in the innermost station. On the other hand, the rest of the stations were dominated by Euchone alicaudata and Praxillella affinis. The configuration of the stations sampled in summer and winter on the multidimensional scaling plots reflected the position of each stations within the bay in which there were great differences in organic content, sulfide concentration and oxygen content rather than in sediment composition. Therefore, heterogeneities in polychaete community structure in Gamak Bay were primarily influenced by the degree of the disturbance depending on the position within the bay.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.635-648
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• 1995

Macrobenthic fauna were collected seasonally using the van Veen Grab $(0,1/m^2)$ to investigate the benthic faunal assemblages on the soft-bottoms around the Youngjong Island during October 1991 to July 1992. A total of 266 species was identified. Of these polychaetes comprised 111 species $(41.7\%)$; crustaceans $75(28.2\%)$ molluscs, $59 (22.2\%)$ and others including echinoderms, $27(7.9\%)$. Mean density and biomass were estimated to be 498 $ind./m^2$ and 54.8$g./m^2$, respectively. Polychaetes were the most dominant faunal group in terms of abundance $(332\;ind./m^2)$ and number of species as well, whereas echinoderms were predominant in biomass $(332\;g./m^2)$. The dominant species were Mediomastus sp., Heteromastus sp., Nipponomysella oblongata, and Nephts polyranchia; the abundance of these species showed seasonal variations. The study area was divided into three regions by cluster analysis based on the similarity of species composition. The first region consisted of intertidal flat (G-I); the second, shallow subtital region of muddy sand (G-II); the third, channel region of mud sediments (G-III). The intertidal flat showed the highest density, and the channel was the lowest density, but the Highest in species diversity. Distribution of macrobenthic faunal assemblages of the study area seemed to be controlled by sedimentary facies and duration of tidal exposure.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.346-356
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• 2000

This study was carried out to investigate the distribution pattern of macrobenthos in the subtidal sandy bottoms of the east coast of Korea, and seasonal samplings were performed from April 1993 to February 1994. The species number of macrobenthos was in the range from 70 in winter to 109 in spring season. Polychaete worms were the most dominant faunal group in species richness and abundance, but mollusks showed the highest biomass. The mean density of macrobenthos fluctuated from 631 individuals/m$^2$ in autumn to 1,995 individuals/m$^2$ in summer. The major macrofauna in abundance were polychaetes, Spiophanes bombyx which occurred all seasons with top rank and Prionospio sp. and a mollusk, Alvenius ojianus, and crustaceans, Wecomedon sp. and Urothoidae spp. were also numerically dominant macrobenthic fauna. The macrobenthos in the study area were classified into two assemblages by water depth. However, they showed a different community structure near small rivers in autumn and winter seasons.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.429-442
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• 2002

The faunal assembalges of macrobenthos and their habitat conditions on the soft-bottoms around Dokdo(Dok Island) was investigated using a box corer and a van Veen grab in Sept. 1999 and May 2000. The sediments in the slope sites were composed of sand particles and those in Ullneung Basin were mud. The sediments in the shelf sites were in the range of fine to medium sand. The organic content of the slope sediments was in the range of 1 to 2%. The macrobenthos occurred at the slope sites represented by 15faunal groups belonging to 8 phyla, and the major faunal group was polychaetous annelids. They comprised ca. 80.6% in slope sites, and 84.8% in shelf sites. Dominant species in the slope were Exogone verugera(40.9%), Cossura longocirrata (8.4%), Tharyx sp. (6.6%), Scalibregma inflatum (4.9%), Aedicira sp. (4.7%), Aricidea ramosa (3.8%), and Sigambra tentaculata (3.7%). Dominant species in the shelf were Chone sp. (49.3%), Tharyx sp. (18.4%), Ophelina acuminata (6.7%), Chaetozone setosa (3.8%), Glycera sp. (2.6%), and Aedicira sp. (2.4%). The mean densities of macrobenthos in the slope and shelf area were $2,028\;ind./m^2$ and $456\;ind./m^2$, respectively. The trophic composition of benthic polychaete worms in the slope area was different from that in shallow shelf area: surface deposit feeding worms were most abundant in slope area whereas filter feeding worms in shelf area. According to the cluster analysis and MDS plots, the spatial distribution of macrobenthos in Dokdo slope region was related with the sediment properties such as particle size and organic content. In the case of vertical distribution of macrobenthos in slope sites, most faunas concentrated in the upper sediment layer within 2cm depth.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.73-79
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• 1996

This study was conducted to investigate the faunal composition and distribution patterns of macrobenthic community in the deep sea sediments of the KODOS area, the northeastern Pacific Ocean during May 1996. Benthic animals were collected at 25 stations using a spade type box corer. Sediments were sieved through -.3 mm mesh screen. A total of 17 faunal groups in 9 phyla and 363 specimens were identified. Nematoda was the most abundant faunal group which accounted for 30.0% of total abundance. Other dominant faunal groups were foraminiferans (25.1%), harpacticoids (10.2%), xenophyophores (5.2%), and polychaetes (4.7%), Polychaeta was a typically dominant component of macrobenthic community in the study area except traditionally recognized meiofauna taxa. Mean occurrence number of faunal taxa was ca. 6 per 0.01 m$\^$2/, and mean density was estimated as 1,288 indiv./m$\^$2/. The abundance of whole fauna and that of each faunal group was highest at the surface layer of sediment, and decreased monotonously along the sediment depth; 98% of faunal abundance was found within 10 cm depth layer.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.8-19
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• 2002

Spatial distribution pattern of macrozoobenthos was studied along the salinity gradient and sedimentary environment in the Watancheon estuary, Beobseongpo, southwest coast of Korea. Ten stations were set from the mouth towards the head of estuary. Three replicate sediment samples were taken using a van Veen grab (surface area $0.1m^{2}$) at each station between June 1998 and January 1999. A total of 114 species were collected during the study period and they are composed of 44 species of polychaetes (39%), 34 of crustaceans (30%), 24 of molluscs (21%) and 12 of miscellaneous. The former two taxa together accounted for 69% in the total number of species. The mean density was 3,053 ind./m$^{2}$, comprising 2,536 ind./m$^{2}$ from polychaetes (83%) and 439 ind./m$^{2}$, crustaceans (14%). Moreover, the mean biomass was 58.23 gwwt./m$^{2}$, consisting of 29.56 gwwt./m$^{2}$ from polychaetes (51%), 23.38 gwwt./m$^{2}$, molluscs (40%). A spionid polychaete Minuspio japonica, two corophiid amphipods Grandidierella japonica and Corophium sinense, a bivalve Potamocorbula amurensis were major dominants at the head of estuary where the salinity was relatively lower compared with contiguous sites. The distributions of M. japonica and G. japonica were significantly related to the salinity and sediment environment, respectively, whereas C. sinense and P, amurensis showed no significance. The nereid polychaete, Hediste japonica, also predominated at the head of the estuary where bottom salinity was relatively low. Species diversity was high at the mouth area whereas low diversity and few species number were seen at the stations in the head of the estuary, influenced by freshwater and sandy sediment. Based on the cluster analysis, the macrobenthic community was classified into four station groups from head (station group A) toward mouth (group D) in the study area. The number of species and abundance between station group B and C were significantly different. And the abundance of between two neighboring station groups (station group A and B, B and C, C and D) was also different. These results suggested that the spatial distribution pattern of macrobenthos in this estuary seemed mainly related to gradients in bottom salinity and sediment grain size among environmental factors.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.20-31
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• 2002

This study was carried out to investigate the composition and the distribution of the benthic polychaetous communities in Deugryang Bay, semi-enclosed bays, on the southern coast of Korea and to deduce temporal changes in community with the comparison of the past studies. In Deugryang Bay, benthic polychaetous community structure was investigated on the base of the samples from 98 stations in 1996 and 1997. The main facies of surface sediment was clayey silt. The overall benthic macrofaunal density was 871 ind./m$^{2}$. The density was highest in the middle part of the bay because Musculus senhousia (Bivalvia) and cumaceans (Crustacea) had their highest densities in some stations. Benthic polychaetes were comprised of 100 species with a mean density of 138 ind./m$^{2}$. Their abundances were higher in the inner bay, in the middle bay, and in the mouth of bay, but poor community structures were established in the whole bay. The dominant species over 1.0 percentage were composed of the total 21 species, and they occupied 78.3% of the total abundance of the benthic polychaetes. The most dominant species was Lumbrineris longifolia (9.3%), followed by Eteone longa (7.3%), Heteromastus filifomis (7.1%), Sternaspis scutata (6.1%). From the cluster analysis, the study area could be divided into three station groups. Station group AI was located in the inner bay and in the shallow coastal region, and its most dominant species was Heteromastus filiformis. At the station group AII in the mouth of bay and in some channel region, its most dominant species were Lumbrineris longifolia and Eteone longa. And at the station group B located in middle part of the bay, the most dominant specis was Sternaspis scutata. In comparison with previous studies, the benthic polychaetous community experienced great change in the view of species number, density and dominant species. The dominant species were Sternaspis scutata and Eteone longa, but their densities declined greatly. Instead of these species, Lumbrineris longifolia and Heteromastus filiformis, known as the potential organic enrichment indicator species, appeared to the new dominant species even if their low densities. These facts mean that Deugryang Bay was maintained yet as little organic enriched area compared to other bays on the coast of Korea, but needed some caution of marine environmental management.