• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.58 no.1
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• pp.50-56
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• 2013

For accurate analysis of low molecular peptides using SELDI-TOF MS (surface enhanced laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry), the optimized analytical conditions should be established for a specific biological sample. This study was conducted to optimize SELDI-TOF MS analytical conditions for profiling low molecular peptide below 10 kDa presented in sorghum seeds. Analytical conditions were as follows; (1) protein chips: CM10 (weak cation exchanger) and Q10 (strong anion exchanger), (2) dilution factors of binding buffer: 1/2, 1/5, 1/10, 1/20, 1/50, 1/100, and 1/200, (3) the stringency of Q10 binding buffer: 10 mM and 100 mM, and (4) protein extraction buffers: sodium borate, sodium borate + acetone, phenol, and TCA buffers. Optimum dilution factors were selected as 1/20 and 1/50 in both protein chips, CM10 and Q10. Low stringency of Q10 binding buffer (10mM) detected more peptide peaks than high stringency (100 mM). Selected protein extraction buffers of sorghum seed for SELDI-TOF MS analysis was the sodium borate buffer in the range of 2~10 kDa, while the phenol buffer was more suitable in the range of 10~20 kDa.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.420-429
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• 2018

Skin ageing is associated with compromised performance of its fundamental barrier functions, with undesirable changes in appearance. Since this may introduce a detrimental impact on the quality of life, significant effort to discover effective ingredients against ageing is being invested. Recently, collagen hydrolysates containing tripeptides such as GlyPro-Hyp (GPH) have been developed with anticipation of improved effects compared to that of existing collagen hydrolysate-products. To evaluate the cutaneous hydration effect of collagen tripeptides (CTP), meaningful biomarkers in human dermal fibroblasts (HDF) and NC/Nga Tnd mice were analyzed in this study. Increased levels of ceramide kinase, hyaluronic acid, collagen 1A, and hyaluronan synthase-2 (HAS2), and decreased levels of hyaluronidase-1 (HYAL1) and CD44 in HDF cells were demonstrated. Furthermore, significant reduction of transepidermal water loss (TEWL), scratching behavior, HYAL1, $TNF-{\alpha}$ and IL-6 and increased water content and HAS2 were verified by in vivo tests. These results strongly suggest the potential of CTP as a skin hydration agent.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.522-527
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• 2008

Low molecular peptides were isolated from Asterias amurensis via SDS-PAGE. The peptides were separated via consecutive gel filtration as five fractions (F1-F5) according to molecular weights, based on the results of MALDI-TOF MS analysis. The molecular weight of the most active peptide was estimated as 15,000 daltons. The peptide showed cytotoxicity on normal human fibroblast cells at levels as low as 20% when 1.0 mg/mL of the samples was added. The peptide also exhibited higher levels of nitric oxide production from macrophages than the lipopolysaccaharides. It was determined that prostaglendin $E_2$ production was significantly inhibited, up to 127.8% as compared to the control. The low molecular peptide inhibited hyaluronidase activity as 535.7 ${\mu}g/mL$ of $IC_{50}$. It can be concluded that the relatively low molecular weight peptide, fucoidan, from A. amurensis has excellent cosmetic and immunomodulatory activities, which can be considered as a possible resource of new cosmetic agents for skin immunomodulation.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.625-629
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• 2007

This study was carried out to investigate the anti-wrinkle effects of peptides derived from collagens isolated from Asterias amurensis, which was collected in the East Sea. The molecular weights of the peptides were between 10-50 kDa, as determined through sephadek G-75 gel. The cytotoxicities against CCD-986sk cells and HEL-299 cells were measured using the MTT assay. The cytotoxicity of all the fractions(F1: Fraction No. 4-13, 116 kDa; F2: Fraction No. 25-30, 100 kDa; F3: Fraction No. 45-55, 58 kDa; F4: Fraction No. 59-63, 43 kDa; F5: Fraction No. 79-90, 24 kDa) was less than 25%, by the addition of 1.0 mg/mL. These peptides did not show any adverse effects on human skin cells. In the presence of F1 at 1.0 mg/mL, matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) expression of UVA-induced human normal fibroblasts was reduced to 34.8%. Overall, the results seem to suggest that peptides of approximately 20 kDa have superior anti-wrinkle effects.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.579-588
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• 2016

The aim of this study was to investigate and development collagen peptide materials from skate skin. Protein and fat content of collagen peptide showed about 95% and 0.1%, respectively. Average molecular weight of collagen peptide was measured as 1,015. In the analysis of amino acid, glycine and hydroxy proline content in collagen peptide was 19.32% and 16.25%, respectively, showing a typical characteristics of the collagen peptide. In obese db/db mice ingested 500 mg/day of collagen peptide for 18 days, the amounts of food and water intake were decreased considerably, contents of triglyceride, total cholesterol were decreased significantly in white adipose tissue of db/db mice. The final yield of collagen peptide was 17.23% in the optimized process for mass production. These results indicate that collagen peptide from skate skin may serve as candidates of fat reduction in adipose tissue and could be used as functional food and cosmetic ingredients.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.435-439
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• 2013

As byproducts of chicken slaughtering, chicken feathers are produced and mostly discarded without proper treatment, which results in serious environment pollution. Therefore, the appropriate treatment and utilization of chicken feathers are needed. In particular, chicken feathers can be used as protein sources for the preparation of protein hydrolysates, considering that chicken feathers have a large amount of proteins. In this study, chicken feather protein hydrolysates were prepared and their iron-binding peptides were isolated. Chicken feather protein was extracted from feathers of slaughtered chicken, and its hydrolysates were prepared via hydrolysis with Flavourzyme for 8 h. Then the chicken feather protein hydrolysates were ultra-filtered to obtain small peptide fractions and fractionated using Q-Sepharose and Sephadex G-15 columns to isolate their iron-binding peptides. Two major fractions were produced from each of the Q-Sepharose ion exchange chromatography and the Sephadex G-15 gel filtration chromatography. Among the fractions, the peptide fraction with a high iron-binding activity level, F12, was isolated. These results suggest that chicken feather protein hydrolysates can be used as iron supplements.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.147-153
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• 2021

Collagen hydrolysate (CH) is known to prevent skin aging by stimulating skin dermal fibroblasts to promote synthesis of extracellular matrix such as collagen and elastin. Recently, among the various factors that cause skin aging, advanced glycation end products (AGEs) have received particular attention. However, the effect of CH on AGE accumulation has not been studied. Since CH could affect AGE accumulation by promoting production of skin structural proteins, clinical trial was performed using low molecule collagen peptide (LMCP), which were CH containing 25% tripeptide and 4% Gly-Pro-Hyp. Skin autofluorescence (SAF) values were measured using an AGE reader to evaluate accumulation of AGE in skin. As a result of applying 0.5% and 1.0% LMCP solutions to the subject's forearm for 8 weeks, the SAF value at the test site significantly decreased compared to the control site. Additionally, in vitro test was performed using CCD-986sk to evaluate the promotion of collagen synthesis in skin fibroblasts by LMCP. As a result, 800 ㎍/mL of LMCP significantly increased synthesis of human pro-collagen Iα1 (COL1A1) in CCD-986sk. Through this study, we have confirmed that tropical LMCP applications can promote collagen synthesis to help anti-glycation effects, suggesting that LMCP has potential as an anti-aging cosmetic material.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.719-725
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• 2000

This study focused on the purification and characterization of ACE inhibitor from Porphyra yezoensis. The dried Porphyra yezoensis was ground and hydrolyzed with 2.5 N HCl, followed by neutralization and centrifugation. Then, the subsequential purification of ACE inhibitor was carried out by Amberlite XAD 8, DEAE-Toyopearl 650C, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography and reverse phase HPLC with C18 column. The purified ACE inhibitor was peptide which consisted of glycine (24.5%), arginine (56.8%) and proline (18.8%). Also, it showed the competitive inhibition pattern to ACE. The apparent molecular mass of purified peptide was 580 dalton, and an IC50 value of ACE inhibitor was 10.6 $\mu\textrm{g}$.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.23-27
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• 2004

We were investigated the cognitive ability enhancement in rats using B. mori fibroin molecular controlled hydrolysate by preparative recycle HPLC system. Also, some of its physicochemical properties and free amino acid components were investigated, too. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrum are measured different pattern between high (HF) and low (LF) molecular controlled B. mori fibroin samples, respectively. The in vitro test by neuron primary cell culture are showed dependent on molecular weight (Mw) of B. mori fibroin in the order of LF > MF > HF, too. However, the memorial effects in rats by in vivo test are large dependent molecular weight on that maximum 50% than control. Also, the memorial effect was higher than the enzymatic relative and acid hydrolysate, which was 50.0$\pm$2.1 and 25.9$\pm$0.32%, respectively.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.383-390
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• 2023

The goal of this study was to identify new bioactive peptides in extracts derived from Tenebrio molitor (T. molitor) larvae for the development of functional foods. After extraction from freeze-dried T. molitor larvae with various solvents on time course, the extracts showed the highest 2,2,1-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity at 5 and 10 hr per total protein and solid contents, respectively. When the water extract was fractionated, a high methanol concentration led to a reduced level of high-molecular-weight proteins in the centrifugal supernatant, whereas increased DPPH activity in the supernatants suggests low-molecular-weight peptides may mediate antioxidant activity in the supernatant. Most of the organic solvent partitions, excluding butanol, showed similar activities in the water phases, and the organic solvent partition fraction exhibited a 28~44% decrease in activity following heat treatment, implying that some components in the fraction become unstable in the presence of heat. The addition of proteinase K to the water extract increased DPPH activity by 10~20%, suggesting that peptides, when released from total proteins, partially increase antioxidant activity. Therefore, we suggest that the antioxidants in T. molitor larval extracts make them a potential source of functional animal food.