• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.86-90
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• 2014

This study was conducted to examine the state of confusion about those azalea cultivars(hereinafter, Azalea Cultivars) that are used among practicians in landscaping businesses(designers, constructors, and producers). Which Azalea Cultivars would be delivered when they were ordered to producers using the names of Azalea Cultivars notified by the Public Procurement Service. In addition, the situations of azalea cultivar planting designs in the planting design drawings of three apartments completed recently and whether the Azalea Cultivars on the design drawings were the same as those Azalea Cultivars that were actually planted were examined. When Azalea Cultivars were ordered using the notified names, three Azalea Cultivars; Beni, Three, and Daewang were delivered for the name Yeongsanhong and two Azalea Cultivars; Zasanhong and Hancheol were delivered for the name Zasanhong. Yeongsanhong was perceived as a common name of Beni, Three, and Daewang by producers. Therefore, this caused confusion between producers and purchasers. In the case of Zasanhong, as the traits of Zasanhong are similar to those of the cultivar Hancheol, the producers or purchasers might have been unable to clearly distinguish between the cultivars and thus two cultivars might have been delivered without being distinguished from each other. The names of Azalea Cultivars used in planting design drawings were the names notified by the notifying agencies or comprehensive and unclear names such as azalea and Yeongsanhong. Completely different Azalea Cultivars from those written in planting design drawings were planted in actual construction sites in many cases. These situations should have occurred because designers did not write accurate cultivar names in planting design drawings and constructors could not accurately perceive the classification characteristics of individual Azalea Cultivars but planted those Azalea Cultivars with similar flowers colors or those that could be easily bought to fit the conditions of construction sites.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 1999.05a
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• pp.48-50
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• 1999

미국 J.C. Raulston 식물원에는 한국자생 조경수목 36과 110종 3품종이 재배되고 있다. 이중 때죽나무 'Emerald Pagoda' 신품종은 1985년 미국 국립식물원 식물탐사팀과 J.C Raulston이 소흑산도에서 꽃이 많고 잎이 크고 두꺼운 신품종으로 등록한 우리나라 자생종으로 미국내에서 감상가치가 매우 뛰어난 것으로 평가 받고 있다. J.C. Raulston은 이 때죽나무를 품종명 'Sohuksan'이라고 명명하였다가 'Emerald Pagoda'로 개칭하였다. Raulston은 소흑산 때죽나무를 수화물에 보관하여 미국에 도입했다. 도한 아왜나물를 진도에서 채집하였는데, 이것은 지금도 'Chindo'라는 품종으로 불이고 있으며 미구내 동남부 지바으이 조경에 적응성이 높고 감상가치가 높아 대량번식 및 보급 중에 있다.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.29-36
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• 2020

P. linteus (Korea Sanghwang, PLKS) and P. baumii (Jangsoo Sangwhang, PBJS) were artificially cultivated under the same conditions. Fruiting bodies were extracted using 70% methanol, 60% ethanol, and hot water. Phenol and flavonoid contents were optimally extracted using 60% ethanol. Antioxidant activities of 60% ethanol extracts from fruiting bodies and mycelia from each Sanghwang mushroom species were measured using DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbisthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging activities, and FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power). The antioxidant activities of fruiting bodies were relatively higher in comparison to those of mycelial samples. In high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis, styrylpyrone-class poly phenolic compounds, davallialactone, hispidin, hypholomine B, and inoscavin A were detected in fruiting body samples of two Sanghwang mushroom species, but not in their mycelial samples.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.348-351
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• 2008

New bicolor standard rose (Rose hybrida Hort.) cultivars was developed in the Flower Research Institute, Gyeongnam ARES after going through seeding and line selection in 2000, and their characteristics were examined three times from 2003 to 2006, 'Redme' was crossed between 'Violina' and 'Akito' and it had a red Petals of a red-group (RHS No. 46A), few thorns and standard large flowers with a good harmony between ray and flower center Petals. The vase life of cut flower was 10 days. Registered as a commercial cultivars in 2006, the new cultivar can be planted in most greenhouse production region of Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.30-36
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• 2014

This study was conducted to determine the causes of unreasonable prices and small numbers of azalea cultivars by analyzing the price trends and the number of azalea cultivars announced over the last 25 years based on data from the Public Procurement Service(PPS), Korea Price Research Center and the Landscaping Tree Association(LTA)(hereinafter, officially announcing agencies and organizations) which are major references used when landscape planting is decided. The prices of azalea cultivars announced by the official announcing agencies and organizations have moved in similar patterns over the past 25 years because the prices of azalea cultivars announced by the LTA were referred to by other official announcing agencies and organizations when they officially announced the prices of azalea cultivars. The PPS set lower officially fixed prices of azalea cultivars compared to other official announcing agencies and organizations, and the reason for this is considered to be the intention of the PPS to suppress landscape tree price increases because of the government's policies to suppress price increases. The prices of azalea cultivars seem to change rapidly due to the imbalance between the demand and supply of azalea cultivars rather than the effects of consumer price fluctuation rates because the production periods of azalea cultivars are shorter when compared to other landscape trees. The prices of azalea cultivars from the official announcing agencies and organizations have been set higher than the prices in actual transactions. The reason for this is considered to be the intention of the official announcing agencies and organizations to allow landscaping companies to cover defect costs resulting from the practice of subcontracting planting work and secure profits of subcontractors for planting work. The official announcing agencies and organizations have simply announced prices of 5~8 main azalea cultivars that have been used in the past. The names of azalea cultivars being cultivated and criteria for classification have not been clear; thus, landscape designers have not written clear names of azalea cultivars to be cultivated on planting drawings as practice and landscapers planted those azalea cultivars which could be easily obtained. Therefore, it is assumed that there has been no demand for new azalea cultivars. Thus, the vicious circle in which the prices of only those azalea cultivars that were produced in the past have been announced is repeated.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.77-85
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• 2014

This study was conducted to examine the morphological characteristics of those Azalea Cultivars(hereinafter, Azalea Cultivars) that are mainly used for landscaping in Korea in order to prepare classification criteria. As testing materials, major Azalea Cultivars cultivated in large quantities by its producing companies were collected. Thereafter, the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the traits of Azalea Cultivars were investigated in the way of characteristic investigation for new cultivars of azalea used by the Korea Seed and Variety Service in order to classify them and prepare the classification criteria. Since cultivar names have not been established for Azalea Cultivars for landscaping thus far, the data were compiled using the names used by cultivating companies. According to the results, Azalea Cultivars cultivated in Suncheon, Jeonnam mainly for landscaping were 10 in number; Beni, Daewang, Three, Zasanhong, Hancheol, Sancheoljuk, Gyeobsancheoljuk, Baekcheoljuk, Akado, and Seok-am. Among them, the cultivars Beni, Daewang, and Three could not be easily distinguished from each other because they are commonly called Yeongsanhong by cultivating companies and the shapes of their leaves and flowers are similar to each other. In particular, the flower color of Beni was 'bright red', that of Daewang was 'vivid purple', and that of Three was 'bright purple'. In addition, Zasanhong and Hancheol were similar to each other in shape the degree of expression of spots on the flowers and the gloss on the front side of the leaves of Hancheol were higher and stronger compared to that of Zasanhong. Sancheoljuk flowered in early April, earlier compared to other Azalea Cultivars. Gyeobsancheoljuk is an elementary species of Sancheoljuk and it had double flowers although all other traits were similar to those of Sancheoljuk. Although Baekcheoljuk was easily distinguished because it had white flowers, its leaves were similar to those of Akado the reason why these two cultivars could not be easily distinguished from each other. The cultivar Akado flowered early May later compared to other Azalea Cultivars and its flowers were relatively large in diameter as with Baekcheoljuk and Sancheoljuk. Finally, the cultivar Seok-am was easily distinguished because it had smaller leaves compared to other cultivars and it flowered late as with the cultivar Akado.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.141-147
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• 2010

Resistance to Phytophthora blight (Phytophthora capsici Leonian) of commercial cultivars of Capsicum pepper in Korea were evaluated from 2008 to 2010. In 2008 and 2009, the cultivars were tested for resistance to the Pc003 isolate collected in Youngyang, Gyeongbuk province. In 2010, the selected cultivars in the previous years were tested by inoculating with 3 isolates obtained from the pepper plants in Miryang in Gyeongnam province, Youngyang in Gyeongbuk province, and Goesan in Chungbuk province. A continuous variation in resistance from highly resistant to susceptible was observed among the commercial pepper cultivars. It was also noted that some cultivars, although their names were initiating with 'Yeokgang' or 'PR' meaning Phytophthora resistance, were very low in resistance or susceptible. When the resistant cultivars selected in 2008 and 2009 experiment were inoculated with the 3 isolates, all the commercial cultivars except a rootstock, 'Tantan', succumbed to the exceptionally virulent Pc005 (Miryang) isolate. Pc002 (Goesan) was a little more virulent than Pc003 (Youngyang). A few cultivars resistant to Pc003 (Youngyang) were severely infected by Pc002 (Goesan). Significant interaction in analysis of variance suggested the differential interactions between cultivars and pathogen isolates. Strategies to breed cultivars having high level of resistance to the highly variable pathogenic fungus, Phytophthora capsici, were discussed.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.222-233
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• 2019

'Haepum' is a bacterial blight-resistant, medium maturing rice cultivar with high grain quality. It was derived from a cross between 'Iksan493' (cultivar name 'Jinbaek') and the F₁ cross between 'Iksan495' ('Dacheong') and 'Iksan496' ('Jungmo1005'). Of these three cultivars, 'Jinbaek' is a bacterial blight-resistant mid-late maturing rice cultivar with high grain quality, 'Dacheong' is a mid-late maturing rice cultivar with multiple resistance to disease and insects, and 'Jungmo1005' is a mid-late maturing rice cultivar with lodging tolerance. To develop fixed lines, the anther culture method was applied to F₁ plants. The cultivar 'Haepum' was selected using the pedigree method, yield trials, and local adaptability tests. The heading date of 'Haepum' was August 11^th, three days earlier than that of 'Nampyeong' cultivar. Haepum' is a cultivar tolerant to lodging and it has short culms. Due to its low rate of viviparous germination, 'Haepum' could be useful for preventing pre-harvest sprouting in cultivation of medium maturing rice in the southern plain area of Korea. 'Haepum' carries two bacterial blight resistance genes (Xa3 and xa5), and in our study, it exhibited high-level and broad-spectrum resistance against bacterial blight, including K3a, the most virulent race in Korea. 'Haepum' is also resistant to the rice stripe virus and moderately resistant to rice blast. The yield of 'Haepum' was similar to that of 'Nampyeong'. 'Haepum' showed excellent grain appearance and good taste of cooked rice, and therefore it could contribute to the development of bacterial blight-resistant rice cultivars of improved quality. 'Haepum' would be suitable for cultivation in the southern plain area of Korea as well as in bacterial blight-prone areas. (Registration No. 6068)

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.28 no.12
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• pp.1523-1528
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• 2018

This study investigated the chemical composition of four Korean cultivated Chrysanthemum indicum L. (Gamguk 1 ho, Gamguk 2 ho, Gamguk 3 ho, and Wonhyang) which are used in the food and fragrance industries to identify their volatile flavor compounds. These compounds were analyzed using headspace GC-MS from plant samples cultivated in the same region of Korea (Sancheong-gun, Gyeongsangnam-do). A total of 23 compounds were identified, eight of which were common across the four cultivars. The major flavor components in the three Gamguk plants were identified as 3-carene, camphene, ${\beta}$-phellandrene, eucalyptol and (+)-camphor. Eleven compounds, including (+)-camphor at 31.40%, were identified in Gamguk 1 ho. Gamguk 2 ho was found to contain 12 flavor compounds, predominant of which was camphene at 25.60%. Thirteen compounds including (+)-camphor (26.88%) were identified in Gamguk 3 ho, while 17 were detected in the Wonhyang cultivar, including trans-piperitol (47.33%), sabinene, and ${\gamma}$-terpinyl acetate. These results indicate differences in the type and ratio of functional volatile flavor ingredients in Chrysanthemum indicum L. cultivars which is highly valuable as material for fragrance product development.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.263-276
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• 2019

'Sinjinbaek' is a bacterial blight (BB)-resistant, mid-late maturing rice cultivar with high grain quality. To diversify the resistance genes and enhance the resistance of Korean rice cultivars against BB, 'Sinjinbaek' was developed from a cross between 'Iksan493' (cultivar name 'Jinbaek') and the F₁ cross between 'Hopum' and 'HR24670-9-2-1' ('HR24670'). 'Jinbaek' is a BB-resistant cultivar with two BB resistance genes, Xa3 and xa5. 'Hopum' is a high grain quality cultivar with the Xa3 resistance gene. 'HR24670' is a near-isogenic line that carries the Xa21 gene, a resistance gene inherited from a wild rice species O. longistaminata, in the genetic background of japonica elite rice line 'Suweon345'. 'Sinjinbaek' was selected through the pedigree method, yield trials, and local adaptability tests. Using bioassay for BB races and DNA markers for resistance genes, three resistance genes, Xa3, xa5, and Xa21, were pyramided in the 'Sinjinbaek' cultivar. 'Sinjinbaek' exhibited high-level and broad-spectrum resistance against BB, including the K3a race, the most virulent race in Korea. 'Sinjinbaek' is a mid-late maturing rice cultivar tolerant to lodging. It has multiple disease resistance against BB, rice blast, and stripe virus. The yield of 'Sinjinbaek' was similar to that of 'Nampyeong'. 'Sinjinbaek' showed excellent grain appearance, good taste of cooked rice, and enhanced milling performance, and we concluded that it could contribute to improving the quality of BB-resistant cultivars. 'Sinjinbaek' was successfully introgressed with the Xa21 gene without the linkage drag negatively affecting its agronomic characteristics. 'Sinjinbaek' improved the resistance of Korean rice cultivars against BB by introgression of a new resistance gene, Xa21, as well as by pyramiding three resistance genes, Xa3, xa5, and Xa21. 'Sinjinbaek' would be suitable for the cultivation in BB-prone areas since it has been used in breeding programs for enhancing plants' resistance to BB (Registration No. 7273).