• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.178-186
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• 2022

The tetraploid Solanum acaule is a wild potato species from Bolivia widely used for potato breeding because of its diverse attractive traits, including resistance to frost, late blight, potato virus X, potato virus Y, potato leafroll virus, potato spindle tuber viroid, and cyst nematode. However, the introgression of useful traits into cultivated potatoes via crossing has been limited by differences in endosperm balance number between species. Somatic fusion could be used to overcome sexual reproduction barriers and the development of molecular markers is essential to select proper fusion products. The chloroplast genome of S. acaule was sequenced using next-generation sequencing technology and specific markers for S. acaule were developed by comparing the obtained sequence with those of seven other Solanum species. The total length of the chloroplast genome is 155,570 bp, and 158 genes were annotated. Structure and gene content were very similar to other Solanum species and maximum likelihood phylogenetic analysis with 12 other species belonging to the Solanaceae family revealed that S. acaule is very closely related to other Solanum species. Sequence alignment with the chloroplast genome of seven other Solanum species revealed four InDels and 79 SNPs specific to S. acaule. Based on these InDel and SNP regions, one SCAR marker and one CAPS marker were developed to discriminate S. acaule from other Solanum species. These results will aid in exploring evolutionary aspects of Solanum species and accelerating potato breeding using S. acaule.

• Journal of Appropriate Technology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.256-270
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• 2020

The collapse of the medical and healthcare system in the pandemic is resulting in the voluntary participation of civil society and a new way of responding. Some of new countermeasure can be immediately utilized at the forefront of the health crisis. Appropriate technology is no longer an intermediate technology, demonstrating its role as a technology capable of overcoming the crisis of not only developing countries but also any countries where the health system has collapsed. In this Part 2, examples of health fields such medical devices as negative pressure chambers and ventilators, diagnostic chips, and diagnostic techniques, are being discussed as a quick response to the collapse of health systems under COVID-19, within the framework of appropriate technologies. Finally, the important role of scientists and engineers is discussed for the prevention of severe impacts on the vulnerable people in terms of socioeconomic status.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.310-316
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• 2021

Conventional satellites are generally large satellites that are multi-functional and have high performance. However, small satellites have been gradually drawing attention since the recent development of lightweight and integrated electric, electronic, and optical technologies. As the size and weight of a satellite decrease, the barrier to satellite development is becoming lower due to the cost of manufacture and cheaper launch. However, solar panels are essential for the power supply of satellites but have limitations in miniaturization and weight reduction because they require a large surface area to be efficiently exposed to sunlight. Space solar cells must be manufactured in consideration of various space environments such as spacecraft and environments with solar thermal temperatures. It is necessary to study structural materials for lightweight and high-efficiency solar cells by applying an unfolding mechanism that optimizes the surface-to-volume ratio. Currently, most products are developed and operated as solar cell panels for space applications with a triple-junction structure of InGaP/GaAs/Ge materials for high efficiency. Furthermore, multi-layered junctions have been studied for ultra-high-efficiency solar cells. Flexible thin-film solar cells and organic-inorganic hybrid solar cells are advantageous for material weight reduction and are attracting attention as next-generation solar cells for small satellites.

• Korean small business review
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.107-129
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• 2021

Inclusive business is a social business that is promoted with the aim of supporting the economic independence and quality of life of poor people in developing countries. Inclusive business is emerging as a new development cooperation method that can lead to development effects such as income generation and economic independence by engaging the poor, traditionally recognized as 'the target of aid' in terms of development cooperation, in market-based economic activities. This study considered how this inclusive business overcomes various barriers in the market for the poor in developing countries and generates social values and economic returns. To this end, based on previous studies, an analytical framework was established to analyze inclusive business models and business types. And based on the multiple case study method, 17 cases of inclusive business of social enterprises were selected to analyze the characteristics of their business models and the types of business. Through this study, characteristics of value proposition mechanisms, value creation mechanisms, and value securing mechanisms of inclusive business based on public-private cooperation were derived. Also, how these inclusive businesses create social and economic values for the poor were analyzed. The findings present theoretical and practical implications for an inclusive business model.

• Korean Association of Arts Management
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• no.57
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• pp.33-58
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to understand the impact of the subscription economy on the contemporary art market in terms of creation, consumption and distribution of artwork. To accomplish the aim of this study, we conducted a case study of Artnomic Gallery K borrowing the theoretical perspective from Alexander(2003)'s Modified Cultural Diamond model. In this paper, we collected data through reviewing the secondary document and conducting in-depth interviews with 10 experts and consumers in the art market. As a result, the subscription economy eases the traditional art trade, which is heavily focused on a small number of market arts, by encouraging artists to create various works. The transition to subscription in the purchase of art contributes to lowering the barriers to entry into the art market by reducing the financial burden on consumers in terms of consumption. In terms of distribution, this founding of this article shows that the experts of Gallery K are the main actors in selecting the works that consumers subscribe to. Therefore, in this study, it is of academic significance to discuss that the filtering effect of the distribution system emphasized by Alexander(2003) is effective even in the art trading system to which a new form of economic activity - the subscription economy - is applied.

• Korean Association of Arts Management
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• no.59
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• pp.73-99
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• 2021

Free admission policies have been gradually extended for the public to use cultural facilities free of charge, which lowered the barriers to use those facilities and has a great effect on increasing visitor demands. However, the annual number of visitors which is open to the public isn't quite accurate and varies from institution to institution, which means just a head count. Especially people counter overestimates the number of visitors because it counts visitors in duplicate. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to prepare effective way of grasping the number of visitors using cultural infrastructure. First, comparable number of visitors should be measured by defining the notion of visitor clearly, which has been measured vaguely. Secondly, the problem of duplicate count, which is considered the most problematic, should be solved. Thirdly, the various analysis of visitor behavior should be conducted to provide a high-quality service. To work out the problems above, new measurement will be presented here. This study suggests a state-of-the-art wireless signal-based measurement that could eliminate the duplicate data by collecting MAC address -smart device's distinct signal value. And it also could analyze diverse visitor behaviors by understanding a flow of visitor traffic, duration of stay and revisitation. I would like to examine the possibility and effectiveness of this new measurement by testing it.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF PACKAGING SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.47-53
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• 2022

Recently, intelligent packaging of foods has been increasingly developed in response to the growing interest of consumers in checking food quality. Indicators, an important element in intelligent packaging, change color to detect specific substances or indicate food quality changes. Gas indicators can be built into food packaging to detect volatile substances that are released when food quality changes. Ethylene gas is produced as climacteric fruits ripen. Climacteric fruit ripening results from a rapid increase in ethylene production and respiration. In the case of packaged fruits, the ethylene gas concentration in the headspace is closely related to the ripeness of each fruit variety. If an ethylene gas indicator that can be used in fruit packaging is available, the consumer will be able to eat the fruit at the optimal time. In this paper, the characteristics and pros and cons of the ethylene gas indicators developed so far were analyzed by reviewing various types of indicators such as metal reduction-based indicator, fluorescence-based indicator, pH indicator-based indicator, and liposome-based indicator.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.579-595
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• 2022

This study is a qualitative case study of secondary science teachers who are doing educational activities in YouTube. In particular, this study attempts to interpret this case based on Foucault's concept of 'Heterotopia', which means a space that allows for private freedom or deviance by reflecting various utopias without the norms and constraints from every day or real space. Five secondary science teachers who voluntarily opened a personal channel on the YouTube platform and actively uploaded their own videos related to science education participated in the study. In order to understand the experiences of five secondary science teachers, data were individually collected through semi-structured in-depth interviews, and the collected data were analyzed using qualitative case study method. For valid interpretation of the study, we also referred to the video contents, teacher training materials, and teaching and learning materials produced by the participants. As a result of the study, seven themes were revealed: 'Desire for one's own unique educational activities,' 'Youtube as an extended classroom space,' 'Expanded network of relationships beyond the classroom barrier,' 'Satisfaction of desire for recognition and experience of identity as a YouTuber,' 'Tension between the educational space and the YouTube,' 'Space to be reborn as a craftsman,' and 'Finding one's own direction as a Teacher-YouTuber.' Given those findings, we found that the identity and desire of secondary science teachers, which were limited in the existing secondary schools and classrooms, was expanded in a new space called YouTube. In addition, we suggested that YouTube could be a space where science teachers can realize their own ideals and feel the joy. And simple regulating teacher's behavior in Youtube space only based on norms and standards shared in traditional educational space would rather hinder their healthy construction of identity and growth.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.46 no.6
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• pp.530-537
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• 2022

Tug services are essential services to ensure port safety. However, due to the relatively low barrier to entry into the tug service market, the number of service companies has increased, which has led to growing concerns about excessive competition among companies and poor service quality. To solve these problems, it is necessary to prepare a service quality evaluation system, but full-fledged implementation remains far away. The purpose of this study is to develop a tug service quality evaluation model that can be practically applied. To this end, an evaluation model consisting of two major categories, eight middle categories, and 25 detailed evaluation indicators was developed through a literature review, case studies, and expert interviews. AHP analysis is also conducted to derive the relative importance of the evaluation items. As a result of the analysis, it was found that the weight of user satisfaction was higher than that of management evaluation. In addition, the weights for each detailed indicator of management evaluation were in descending order of facility management, company management, and financial soundness, and it was analyzed that the management of facilities directly used for services was important. User satisfaction is in descending order of safety, punctuality, service satisfaction convenience, and transparency. These results show that securing safety is a top priority, and that the inherent quality of services such as safety and punctuality is more urgent than those of the convenience and transparency of the process in terms of providing preliminary services.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.78-95
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• 2023

목적 : 마이크로니들 패치는 피부장벽의 주요 구성성분인 각질층을 관통할 수 있어 일반적인 경피를 통한 약물 전달 수단보다 더 효율적으로 약물을 전달할 수 있다는 장점이 있어 다양한 분야에서 응용되고 있다. 본 임상연구는 아토피피부염 환자의 피부 건조 증상에 대하여 용해성 히알루론산 마이크로니들 패치와 외용제를 병행하여 용해성 마이크로니들 패치의 유효성과 안전성을 평가하였다. 방법 : 본 연구는 단일 기관, 연구자 주도, 평가자 눈가림, 인체 분할 연구로 설계된 무작위 배정 임상시험으로, 피부건조 증상이 있는 아토피피부염 환자 20명을 대상으로 임상연구를 수행하였다. 한 명의 피험자에서 2곳의 시험 병변을 선택한 후, 무작위 배정으로 각각 시험 병변과 대조 병변을 결정하여 2주 동안 매일 양측 병변에 모두 아로마 크림을 도포한 다음, 시험 병변에만 용해성 히알루론산 마이크로니들 패치를 추가로 부착하였다. 결과 : 1차 유효성 평가지표인 local scoring atopic dermatitis(L-SCORAD) index는 치료 후에 시험 병변이 대조 병변보다 유의성 있게 호전되었다. 2차 유효성 평가지표 중 피부 건조감 VAS와 피부 수분 함유량도 시험 병변이 대조 병변보다 유의성 있는 개선을 보였다. Investigator's Global Assessment scale, 소양감 VAS, 경피수분손실량에 있어서는 시험 병변과 대조 병변 모두 치료 후에 유의성 있게 호전되었으나, 두 병변 간의 차이에는 유의성이 없었다. 이상 반응은 나타나지 않았으므로 안전성도 확인되었다. 결론 : 용해성 히알루론산 마이크로니들 패치와 외용제 병행치료는 외용제만 사용하였을 때보다 L-SCORAD index 및 피부 건조감 VAS, 피부 수분 함유량에 있어서 아토피피부염의 증상을 유의성 있게 개선시켰다.