• Title/Summary/Keyword: 장기무게

Search Result 311, Processing Time 0.037 seconds

Weathering Characteristics of Granite by Freeze-Thaw Cyclic Test (동결-융해 시험에 의한 화강암의 풍화 특성 연구)

  • Park, Yeon-Jun;You, Kwang-Ho;Yang, Kwang-Yong;Woo, Ik;Park, Chan;Song, Won-Kyung
    • Tunnel and Underground Space
    • /
    • v.13 no.3
    • /
    • pp.215-224
    • /
    • 2003
  • Weathering in nature was simulated by freeze-thaw cyclic test which represents mechanical weathering. Measured physical properties were elastic wave velocities, absorption rate, volume change and weight change. Uniaxial compression tests were also conducted before and after the weathering tests. The change in weight and volume of the specimens were not clearly related to the weathering process, but P, S wave velocities, uniaxial compression strength and Young's modulus were clearly decreased as weathering progresses. Test result can be used for the assessment of long-term stability of rock slopes.

Changes in Serum Lipid Components and Blood Glucose by Krill (Euphausia superba) Meal and NaF in Rats (크릴 분말 및 NaF 첨가 식이가 흰쥐의 혈청 지질성분 및 혈당 변동에 미치는 영향)

  • Jin, Dong-Hyeok;Oh, Da-Young;Lee, Young-Geun;Kang, Dong-Soo;Kim, Han-Soo
    • Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
    • /
    • v.34 no.4
    • /
    • pp.938-946
    • /
    • 2017
  • This study was conducted to examine the changes in serum lipid components and blood glucose by krill (Euphausia superba) meal and sodium fluoride (NaF) in rats fed on experimental diets and administered orally to NaF 10 mg for 5 weeks. Body weight of rats decreased as the amount of krill meal diet increased, it was observed the basal diet plus NaF group (BF group) compared to the lower basal diet group (BD group). The serum concentrations of total cholesterol, LDL (low-density lipoprotein) cholesterol, free cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), phospholipid (PL) and blood glucose in serum were higher in the BF group than the 10% krill meal group plus NaF 10 mg (KF10 group) or BD group, the 20% krill meal plus NaF 10 mg group (KF20 group), the 30% krill meal plus NaF 10 mg group (KF30 group). Conversely depending on the content of krill meal for the HDL (high-density lipoprotein) cholesterol level, it showed higher results. The concentration of total protein was no significant difference among the groups (p<0.05). The results indicate that a krill meal diet effectively inhibited increases in lipid elevation and blood glucose level in the sera of rats.

Packaging Design Guideline for PET Bottle using Lightness Index (경량화 지수를 이용한 페트병의 패키징 설계 기준)

  • Kim, Sun-jong;Nastaran, Moghimi;Jang, Si-hoon;Park, Su-il
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF PACKAGING SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
    • /
    • v.22 no.3
    • /
    • pp.163-168
    • /
    • 2016
  • In this study, we analyzed the empty body weight and nominal volume of different types of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles commercialized in Korean market. Over 780 PET bottles were collected and classified into four types, heat resistance bottle, normal resistance bottle, pressure resistance bottle, and long period using bottle. Each PET bottle's lightness index was established using bottle weight and nominal volume. Based on the index value, "acceptable" and "optimum" criteria for design guideline of PET bottle were summarized for each PET bottle type. In this paper, we suggest the use of PET bottle lightness index as a design guideline for material resource reduction of PET bottle for Korean beverage industries and bottle makers. For example, we can achieve 2~4 g weight reduction in normal pressure bottle for 500 mL drinking water.

Effect of the supplementation of Coconopsis lanceolata extract on lipid metabolism amelioration in type 2 diabetes mouse model induced by high fat diet (울릉도 섬더덕 추출물의 급여가 제2형 당뇨 동물의 지질대사 개선에 미치는 영향)

  • Yun, Won-Kap;Bae, Hyun-Ji;Kim, You-Jeong;Kwon, O Jun;Im, Moo Hyeog;Cho, Hyun Duk;Kim, Taewan
    • Food Science and Preservation
    • /
    • v.21 no.1
    • /
    • pp.107-113
    • /
    • 2014
  • The present study was designed to investigate the antihyperlipidemic effect of Coconopsis lanceolata extract in C57BL/6J mice. The mice were divided into four groups: normal diet group (ND), high fat diet group (HFD), positive control group with 0.05% metformin (PC), Coconopsis lanceolata extract group (UCL). After 5 weeks of feeding, average body weight of the UCL group mice was slightly decreased, while that of the HFD group significantly increased) Also, liver and adipose tissue weights in the UCL group significantly increased. The levels of trigliceride (TG) and total in the plasma of UCL-supplemented group were significantly lower than those of high fat diet group. On the other hand, HDL-cholesterol level was increased. Expression level of proteins related with adipogenesis such as SREBP-1c, ACC, and FAS in the liver of the UCL group mice was much lower comparing with the HFD group mice. In conclusion, the results showed that the Coconopsis lanceolata extract possesses significant antihyperlipidemic effects in C57BL/6J mice.

Anti-obesity Effects of Sparassis crispa on High-fat Diet-induced Obese Mice (고지방식이로 유도한 비만 흰쥐에 대한 꽃송이 버섯의 항비만 효과)

  • Lee, Mi Ra;Hou, Jing Gang;Begum, Shahnaz;Wang, Yun Bo;Oh, Deuk Sil;Wi, An Jin;Yoon, Byung Sun;Sung, Chang Keun
    • Journal of Life Science
    • /
    • v.24 no.9
    • /
    • pp.952-958
    • /
    • 2014
  • The present study investigated the anti-obesity effects of Sparassis crispa (SC) on mice fed a high-fat (HF, 45 kcal% fat) diet. Mice were fed either a normal control diet and an HF diet or an HF diet supplemented with SC (1%, 3%, and 5%) for 12 weeks. The consumption of an HF diet compared to the NC group resulted in increases in body weight, the food efficiency ratio (FER), retroperitoneal and subcutaneous fat weights, cholesterol and triglyceride levels, fecal fat, and liver lipids. However, the administration of SC significantly decreased body weight gain, food intake, FER, cholesterol and triglyceride levels, and liver lipids in a dose-dependent manner. In particular, treatment with 5% SC significantly reduced the occurrence of fatty liver deposits and steatosis, which are associated with the increased adipocyte size in mice fed an HF diet. Therefore, these results suggested that dietary supplementation with SC exerts anti-obesity effects and could be used as a functional food to control obesity.

Post-Hatching Development of Digestive Organs, Intestinal Digestive Enzymes and Hepatic Antioxidant Defense System in White Leghorn Chicks (White Leghorn Chick의 초기 성장단계에서 소화기관의 발달, 소장의 소화 효소 및 간 조직의 항산화 방어작용)

  • Kim, Min-Jeong;Lee, Joo-Hyun;Jang, In-Surk
    • Korean Journal of Poultry Science
    • /
    • v.48 no.1
    • /
    • pp.31-39
    • /
    • 2021
  • We aimed to investigate the age-dependent development of digestive organs, intestinal enzymes, and hepatic antioxidant defense system in White Leghorn chicks aged 0, 3, 7, 14, and 21 days. Body weight (BW) did not significantly change between days 0 and 7 but significantly increased (P<0.05) after day 7. The relative liver weight (g/100 g of BW) was significantly lower at day 0 than at the other ages but markedly increased at days 3 and 7 (P<0.05). The relative pancreatic weight changed similar to the change in liver weight, with the maximum development at 7 days (P<0.05). The relative intestinal and mucosal tissue weights increased rapidly after hatching (P<0.05), with the maximum growth at 7 days. Furthermore, maltase and sucrase activities were significantly higher at day 3 than at day 0 (P<0.05). Leucine aminopeptidase activity was high at day 0 and remained constant as age increased. Superoxide dismutase and glutathione S-transferase activities in the liver were the lowest at day 0 but significantly increased after 7 days (P<0.05). Glutathione peroxidase activity increased significantly after day 14 compared with that at days 0 and 7 (P<0.05). Lipid peroxidation was not affected by age. In conclusion, the digestive organ weights and hydrolase activity of chicks increased rapidly during the first 3 or 7 days post-hatching. Hepatic antioxidant enzyme activity increased simultaneously with the increase in digestive organ weights, after 7 days.

Anti-obesity effect of radish leaf extracts on high fat diet-induced obesity in mice (고지방식이를 통해 비만이 유발된 마우스에서 무청 추출물의 항비만 효과)

  • Lee, Yun-Seong;Seo, Young Ho;Kim, Ji Yong
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
    • /
    • v.54 no.3
    • /
    • pp.297-305
    • /
    • 2022
  • The goal of this study was to evaluate the anti-obesity effect of radish leaf extracts (MU-C) and radish leaf extracts with 3% citric acid (MU-CA) in a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced C57BL/6 mice. The effects of radish leaf extracts on adipogenesis were also investigated using 3T3-L1 adipocytes. As determined by Oil red O staining, MU-C inhibited adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Four-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were fed an HFD for 6 weeks and then treated with radish leaf extracts (500 mg/kg, p.o.) for 6 weeks. Then, the serum levels of Aspartate aminotransferase, Alanine aminotransferase, Total cholesterol, Triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in the mice were measured using an automatic chemical analyzer and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Administration of MU-C significantly reduced the fat weight when compared with HFD controls. As confirmed by histopathologic analysis, adipose tissue size markedly decreased in mice treated with MU-C. Therefore, this study could provide a basis for investigating the clinical use of MU-C as an agent for preventing obesity.

Hypoglycemic Effect of the Functional Food Manufactured by Fermented Soybean as Main Materials in Streptozotosin - Induced Diabetic Rats (Streptozotocin 유발 당뇨쥐에 있어서 발효콩을 주원료로 한 기능성 식품의 혈당강하 효과)

  • 최승필;최형택;이효진;문선영;김수현;이범구;이득식;함승시
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
    • /
    • v.33 no.7
    • /
    • pp.1126-1132
    • /
    • 2004
  • The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of functional food, which was processed with fermented soybean as main ingredient (FS), on the body weight, organ weight, plasma glucose, and plasma lipid in diabetic rats caused by streptozotocin (STZ). The body weight was decreased more slowly in the FS group than in the diabetic, and the food intake increased significantly in all diabetic groups. The food efficiency was very low in all diabetic groups, but increased significantly in the FS groups than diabetic control (p<0.05). In comparing the weight of organ, the weight of liver and kidney were increased in all diabetic groups than in the control, and decreased slightly in FS groups. The weight of heart and spleen were not different among all test groups. In the oral glucose tolerance test, the blood glucose in the diabetic group was the highest in 60 minutes. And the blood glucose in the FS group was the highest in 30 minutes, and decreased significantly after 120 minutes to the level of fasting glucose. The glucose in serum was decreased significantly in the FS groups fed the functional food for 4 weeks, compared to the diabetic control (p<0.05). Total cholesterol, triglyceride and atherogenic index (AI) in serum were significantly higher in diabetic control, compared to the normal (p<0.05), and decreased by 16.4%, 15.4% and 48.3%, respectively, in the FS fed 400 mg/kg of functional food. HDL-cholesterol was increased significantly in the FS-400, compared to the diabetic control. These results support that functional food using fermented soybean improve glucose and lipid metabolism in diabetic rats.

Assessment of the Bioavailability and Nutritive Function of Genetically Modified β-Carotene-biofortified Rice by Using Wistar Rats (유전자변형 β-carotene 강화 쌀의 생체 이용과 영양기능성 탐색)

  • Lee, Young-Tack;Lee, Kyung-Won;Seong, Ki-Seung;Kim, Sung-Soo;Lee, Jong Seok;Lee, Ok-Hwan;Cho, Hyun-Seok;Suh, Seok-Chul;Han, Chan-Kyu
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
    • /
    • v.46 no.2
    • /
    • pp.213-218
    • /
    • 2014
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate the bioavailability and nutritive functions of Nak-Dong rice or genetically modified ${\beta}$-carotene-biofortified rice (GM rice) in an experimental animal model. Wistar rats fed either GM rice or Nak-Dong rice did not show differences in bioavailability, growth, organ weights, or visceral fat, suggesting that the nutrient content of GM rice is compositionally equivalent to that of conventional Nak-Dong rice. In addition, GM rice showed improved nutritive function in terms of increased defecation, decreased lipids, and decreased blood glucose.

Acute Oral Toxicity of Atractylodes macrocepala KOIDZ. (Atractylodes macrocepala KOIDZ.(백출) 추출물의 급성 경구투여 독성 연구)

  • Choi, Hye-Kyung;Roh, Hang-Sik;Jeong, Ja-Young;Ha, Hun-Yong
    • Korean Journal of Plant Resources
    • /
    • v.27 no.1
    • /
    • pp.11-21
    • /
    • 2014
  • Atractylodes macrocepala KOIDZ. (AmK) is a herbal medicine and resources of functional food which has been used for the treatment of indigestion, anorexia, diarrhea and digestive dysfunction. Recently AmK is frequently used as resources of functional food and whitening cosmetics. In this study was carried out to evaluate the acute oral toxicity of Amk in Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats. male and female rats were administered orally with Amk extract of 1,000 mg/kg (low dosage group), 2,000 mg/kg (middle dosage group) and 4,000 mg/kg (high dosage group). We daily observed number of deaths, clinical signs and gross findings for 7 days. No dead SD rats and no clinical signs were found during the experiment period. Also other specific changes were not found between control and treated groups in hematology and serum biochemistry. But we found out feeble histopathological changes in liver fat tissues. In addition no significant changes of gross bady and individual organs weight. These results suggest that water soluble extract of AmK has not acute oral toxicity and oral $LD_{50}$ value was over 4,000 mg/kg in SD rats.