• The tire
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• s.47
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• pp.4-4
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• 1973

김영준사장은 작년 6월 동신화학 사장으로 취임한 직후부터 최근까지 6차례에 걸쳐 미국시장을 찾아 한국「타이어」수출을 위한 획기적인 성과를 안고 돌아왔다. 농림부장관을 퇴임한 후 부실기업인 흥한화섬을 맡아 일약 성장기업으로 키워놓고 다시 부실화된 동신화학을 재건중에 있는 그는 취임 11개월만인 지난 5월부터는 흑자기업으로 일으켜 세웠다. 해외시장 개척부진과 출혈수출로 작년도 「타이어」업계의 수출은 5백만달러선에 머무르고 있는데 김사장은 연 2천만달러의 장기계약을 미국의 「시어스ㆍ로박」과 체결함으로써 「타이어」대미수출의 전기를 마련하고 귀국 했다.<편집자주>

• Corrugated packaging logistics
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• s.91
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• pp.59-69
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• 2010

골판지포장 물류지 2010. 3 4월호에서 "최근 골판지포장업계 경영환경과 대책"을 주제로 골판지 포장산업에서의 원료부족 원인분석과 그에 따른 문제를 해결하기 위해 긴급한 제언을 하였다. 최근 들어 원자재의 부족현상은 갈수록 심화되어 가고 있고 이로 인해 겪고 있는 중소기업의 고통을 분담하자는 차원에서 대기업 등 원사업자에게 원자재가 인상에 따른 납품단가 인상을 요구하였으나 거래단절, 장기계약 등으로 일부대기업자들은 인상을 거부하면서 대-중소기업간 갈등이 고조되고 있다. 이런 취지에서 작금의 현실을 뒤돌아보고 납품단가 인상을 촉구할 수밖에 없는 경영환경을 요약분석하고 그에 대한 대책방을 알아보고자 한다.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.117-139
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• 2020

In case of international long-term transactions, there are various risks of economic change of circumstances including skyrocketing price increase and shortage of raw material, as well as force majeure in a general sense. Nevertheless, pretty many of international long-term commercial contracts do not include the provisions of renegotiation and adaptation of the contract. In this case, possibility of renegotiation and adaptation depends mainly on the applicable law. Namely, it may be possible or not, according to choice of law. The reason is that national laws have nuances each other, and most of national courts are traditionally reluctant to accept hardship. and also, provisions of international uniform law (CISG) has ambiguity and inflexibility in relation to the problems of change of circumstances. Accordingly, this paper analyzes comparatively the doctrines and provisions related to renegotiation and adaptation of contracts of the most representative countries such as England, U.S.A., France, Germany as well as provisions CISG and soft law such as PICC. By doing so, the author makes clear which laws of instruments is more flexible or acceptable in allowing renegotiation and adaptation of long-term commercial contracts, and emphasizes on the importance of inclusion of express terms by using other alternative supplementing clauses, as a best solution for settling the problems of legal uncertainty of contract in relation to renegotiation and adaptation.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.3-11
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• 2019

The construction of a facility is an act whereby infrastructure such as roads and railways and other facilities such as housing and office spaces are constructed, and due to the characteristics of the relevant industry where such construction is carried out in a custom order method, it requires a long period of time mostly. While the construction is carried out over a long period of time, fluctuations in the price of raw materials required for the construction occur. Therefore, the cost of the construction also fluctuates inevitably. The fluctuation of the construction cost meshes closely with the profit of a constructor and the efficiency of government spending. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain the construction cost at a reasonable level by adjusting the construction cost rationally in order to secure the required construction quality and spend the budget efficiently. The buffer system for solving such problem is the contract amount adjustment system by fluctuations in prices (Escalation/De-Escalation). In this study, the method combining the escalation method based on the item adjustment method was suggested for an efficient contract amount adjustment method. In addition, it is proposed that there be an investigation and codification of matters not applied to government acts and regulations on contracts related to the adjustment of fluctuations in prices legally.

• Bio news
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• no.5
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• pp.6-7
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• 2004

2000년도를 기점으로 바이오 붐을 타고 많은 신약 및 바이오 관련 기업들이 설립되었고 이에 4년여의 시간이 경과되었다. 초기 바이오벤처는 국책과제, 투자유치 등을 통해 기반 연구를 수행하였으나, 현재는 기업 생존을 위해 지금까지 수행된 연구결과를 사업화하고 수익을 창출하기 위한 다각적인 노력을 기울이고 있는 시점이다. 많은 바이오 벤처들은 궁극적으로 맞춤의약시대에 걸맞은 신약개발, 장기이식, 유전자치료 등의 목표를 설정해 두고 있다. 그러나 이러한 목

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.65-73
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• 2011

Recently, researches to introduce the performance warranty contract are in progress for quality improvement of road pavements. The performance warranty contract is a type of contract in which contractors guarantee to maintain certain level of performance during a period from completion of construction. The contract use in Europe and the U.S is being increased because it has been known to contribute to improvement of structure quality, reduction of life cycle cost, development of construction techniques, and etc. The research on performance indicators, threshold values, and warranty durations is essential to effectively introduce the contract in Korea. In this study, literatures on the performance warranty contract for concrete pavements of the Minnesota, Indiana, and Florida of the U.S. were reviewed. Major distresses influencing the pavement performance were investigated and analyzed in the jointed concrete pavement sections of 21 Korean expressway routes to be compared to the performance indicators, threshold values, and warranty durations of the states. More accurate comparison is expected by investigation in planned sections for a long time.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.187-210
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• 2013

The consumption through e-journal consortia makes researchers locate and use academic resources and information extensively with comparatively cheap costs. This study analyzed and investigated substantive benefits of the big deal contracts for e-journal subscriptions in terms of efficient information use. In other words, this study compare concretely the differences in efficiency of using information between large-size institutions and small-size institutions who participate in the e-journal big deal contracts. This study suggests solutions for the problems which occur persistently and repeatedly in the big deal and new counter plans which can replace the current methods of big deal contracts in a long-term perspective by revealing the gaps of acquiring and using information by the size of participating institutions.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.1405-1412
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• 2015

In Korea, public infrastructure projects employ "long term continuation (LTC) contracts," which require budgets to be reevaluated and re-appropriated annually throughout the multi-year life of the project. However, such contracts also make it susceptible to frequently changing government policies, in which budgets required for existing projects are allocated to new projects and thus does not provide a consistent stream of capital to multi-year projects. Each year, the KEC needs to attain government funds for construction of its multiple highway construction sites. Because it is difficult to know the amount that may be actually appropriated to KEC in a given year, it is in turn difficult to anticipate and provide sufficient funds necessary for construction to run smoothly and continuously. The lack of a good logic for appropriation has resulted in projects having a skewed distribution of capital. To get better budget appropriations from the central government, the KEC first needs a systemized approach that rationalizes the annual construction capital optimally required for its individual sites. The goal of this research was to devise a way that allows the KEC to determine and calculate the optimal construction costs that would be required for its individual construction sites on an annual basis. Both the optimal progress rate and the essential work types were assessed through a workshop with 24 professionals (KEC employees and contractors) who had extensive experience in KEC projects and also were currently working in these projects.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.57
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• pp.3-34
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• 2013

In the international sales contract, long-term contracts often face hardship in fulfilling the original contract terms by relevant parties due to rapid change and uncertainty of political and economic circumstance. In this case, party who faces hardship of fulfillment terminates contract or demands adaptation to contract condition but if opponent doesn't accept this, it proceeds to commercial dispute needing legal interpretation. Generally it is wise to set forth governing law in contract between parties in the case of international contract, for legal stability. One of universal governing law which relevant parties select by agreement to solve economical hardship of fulfillment is PICC. PICC defines the hardship in detail for renegotiation on following hardship of fulfillment unexpected. In the case of failing renegotiation, Court(arbitral tribunal) conducts termination to contract or adaptation to contract condition through arbitration or mediation. In conclusion, when signing international long-term contract, it is desirous to handle dispute effectively by inserting provisions which can deal with economical hardship in contract or defining PICC as governing law in the case of hardship incurred. It is because it is realistic to handle dispute smoothly to the extent that both parties can be satisfied in the case of hardship incurred, though international contract should be fulfilled.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.31-37
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• 2017

This study compares the main features of the Act of National Contract with the Act of Defense Aquisition Program, which is the only one in Korea for long-term contracts. When applying the progress payments system to the defense R&D project, We can prevent disputes between parties and create a stable development environment through smooth partnerships. Smaller, direct and indirect losses can be alleviated, such as the waste of administrative power required to deal with disputes due to the payment of delayed prizes and restrictions on business activities due to the difficulty of forecasting the results of companies. In large measure, we will be able to procure a high-quality weapon system in a timely manner to support the security of the nation as well as international competitiveness through the growth of our defense industry.