• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.43-93
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• 2018

The concept of citizen science(CS) is defined as "scientific work carried out by citizens." Here, 'citizen' means someone who has knowledge of everyday life, regardless of whether they have formal expertise in a related field. This definition may encompass scientists, as many scientists participate in scientific democracy and use their expertise in a citizen-oriented manner. That work is derived from their citizenship, so their scientific work is CS. CS in Korea has expanded from the Korea Pollution Research Institute, which was founded in 1982, to the Center for Democracy in Science & Technology, which was founded in 1997. Furthermore, in recent years, government agencies have started using CS approach. In this paper, I introduce Korean CS and examine its accomplishments and difficulties through eight cases. I show that Korea's CS activities have made a significant impact on Korean society and the experience of these activities has implications for the future directions of CS. I do so by examining four modes of CS and explore practical messages for more varied roles of CS. Until now CS has been mainly considered in the context of "CS as education" or "CS as movement" in Korea. However, governance and the platform mode of social decision-making or research, though still rare, have recently emerged as additional CS activities. Although it cannot be said with certainty that CS is better, it is undoubtedly better the more varieties of its modes coexist. The four types of CS will contribute individually or complementarily to social learning. Thus, because of its distinctive potential, CS is not exhausted by the supplementary concept of science.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.62-70
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• 1984

가축배설물(家畜排泄物)의 콤포스트화(化) 작업(作業)의 공학적(工學的)인 국면(局面)은 축산(畜産) 경영(經營)의 축산물(畜産物) 생산성(生産性), 에너지 보전(保全), 공해방지(公害防止)와 분뇨처리(糞尿處理)의 노력(勞力) 절약(節約)에 긴밀(緊密)한 관계(關係)가 있다. 그러나 우리나라에 있어서 축산업(畜産業)의 사양(飼養) 규모(規模)와 두수(頭數)는 매년(每年) 증가(增加)하고 있는 경향(傾向)인바 전통적(傳統的)인 가축(家畜) 배설물(排泄物) 처리(處理) 및 재이용(再利用) 과정(科程)에서 발생(發生)되는 문제점(問題點)에 대(對)한 연구(硏究) 자료(資料)가 없고 특(特)히 콤포스트화(化) 작업(作業)이 원시적(原始的)이므로 개선(改善) 확립(確立)이 절실(切實)히 요구(要求)되는 실정(實定)이다. 본(本) 연구(硏究)의 목적(目的)은 가축(家畜) 분뇨(糞尿)의 콤포스트화(化) 작업(作業) 과정(科程)에서 공학적(工學的)인 제(諸) 문제점(問題點)을 조사(調査) 분석(分析)하여 현상(現狀)을 평가(評價)하고 개선(改善) 방안(方案)을 모색(摸索)하기 위한 기본자료(基本資料)를 제공(提供)하고져 수행(遂行)하였다. 이에 관한 조사(調査)와 분석(分析) 결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 1. 축산농가(畜産農家)의 가축(家畜) 배설물(排泄物) 처분(處分) 방법(方法)은 대부분(大部分)이 자연건조(自然乾燥), 퇴적(堆積), 혐기적(嫌氣的)인 고형(固形) 또는 액상(液狀) 퇴비화(堆肥化)에 의하여 실시(實施)되고 있었으며 가축분뇨(家畜糞尿)로 인(因)한 공해(公害)는 심각(深刻)하다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 2. 호기성(好氣性) 야적(野積) 콤포스트의 통기작업(通氣作業)은 트랙터에 부착(附着)되어진 전후(前後) 작동식(作動式) 로우더가 바람직하다. 3. 농축산(農畜産) 폐기물(廢棄物)의 콤포스트화(化) 작업(作業)은 축산농가(畜産農家)를 중심(中心)으로 한 콤포스트 센타에서 전체 농가(農家)가 지방(地方) 증진(增進)과 오염(汚染) 방지(防止)를 하기 위해 참여(參與)하여 완전(完全) 공동(共同) 이용(利用) 체계에 따라 일관성(一貫性)있게 수행(遂行)되어야 한다. 4. 호기성(好氣性) 야적(野積) 콤포스트 작업(作業)은 다른 방법(方法)에 비하여 운영비(運營費)가 적게 들어 영세적(零細的)인 축산업(畜産業)의 경우(境遇)에 가장 적당(適當)하고 공해(公害)를 방지(防止)함으로서 한국(韓國) 축산농가(畜産農家)의 콤포스트화(化) 시설(施設)로 전망(展望)이 밝다고 판단(判斷)된다.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.31-44
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• 2019

This study intended to investigate the effects of the subtitle location on the decreased working memory abilities caused by aging. A junior group (average age: 26, SD: 3.06, N=27) and a senior group (average age: 61.69, SD=4.18, N=26) participated in this study and they all performed N-back tasks which measured the working memory ability of the participants and video subtitle recognition tasks that assessed the most effectively recognized subtitle locations in the video. The results of the N-back task revealed slower response times and low accuracy rates in the senior group in comparison to the junior group, suggesting lower working memory abilities in the senior group vis-à-vis the junior group. The deterioration of working memory due to aging also negatively influenced the 'left-bottom' subtitle location in the video subtitle recognition task and positively influenced the 'left-center' location of the screen. The deterioration of working memory ability did not affect other subtitle locations. By examining the positive or negative effects of the deterioration of working memory ability as a function of age on subtitle locations, the present study suggests that the selection of suitable subtitle locations taking into account the ages of video viewers would cause information to be more effectively displayed on screen.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.449-462
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• 2012

The objectives of this study were to measure the range of motion for joints and muscle activation of upper limb for flower arrangement tasks for physical rehabilitation and to test horticultural therapy programs using flower arrangement tasks for improving upper limb function of the patients with stroke. Major flower arrangement tasks were classified with eight tasks (cutting 1, thick stem; cutting 2, thin stem; fixing 1, long stem; fixing 2, short stem; rolling a leaf; bending 1, thick stem; bending 2, thin stem; and winding, using a wire) based on the occupational analysis. When eight male university students (mean age $24.1{\pm}2.5$ years) conducted the eight flower arrangement tasks, range of motion for joints and muscle activation of upper limb were measured by a 3D motion analyzer and electromyography, respectively. Based on the results of the range of motion and muscle activation of upper limb, horticultural therapy programs using flower arrangement tasks (total 33 sessions) for improving upper limb function of the patients with stroke was conducted at a rehabilitation hospital, Seoul, South Korea and then the range of motion, grip strength, and upper limb function of the patients were tested. Among the eight flower arrangement tasks, cutting 1, winding, and bending 1 induced the highest value for the range of motion in joints of shoulder, elbow, and wrist, respectively (P < 0.001). In terms of muscle activation, eight flower arrangement tasks performed in this study showed various patterns of muscle activation and several muscles were simultaneously used for each task (P < 0.001). In addition, thickness and length of the materials used in a task had a prominent effect on the range of motion for joints and muscle activation of upper limb (P < 0.001). The stroke patients had positive effects for their range of motion of upper limb (shoulder, forearm, and elbow), grip strength, and overall upper limb function through the horticultural therapy program. Thus, this study suggested that flower arrangement tasks would be a potential horticultural activity for physical rehabilitation program. It would be interesting to apply a customized horticultural therapy program using flower arrangement tasks according to the symptoms of patient for physical rehabilitation.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.79
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• pp.7-39
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• 2016

Journalism and Mass Communication as an academic field is believed more politicized one than pure literature and natural science. With the growth of the media, there follows additional opportunities for media scholars to take a part in politics as well. Few attention was given to understand the status and mechanism of political intervention either as advisers or decision makers though. This study attempts thus to fill this vacuum. For this, first of all, it examines a various types of laws related to media politics. Total number of 164 scholars who participated in 12 councils and commissions were analyzed on the following step. Research shows that there are patterns which favor Seoul National University, U.S. trained Ph. D and geographic preference to the capital. Neither academic excellence nor commitment to public interest appear to have impact on taking those positions. Taking into account media's expansion into politics, it is inevitable for media scholars to take responsibility not only in policy making but in taking leadership. Accordingly, the question of necessity is not who but how as much as manner. The authors hope this study will be a valuable opportunity to establish a kind of ethical standards in media politics.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.197-210
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• 2007

This study focuses on the actual condition and level of residents' participation in the case of Jinmok village, located in Jeonnam province Jangheung-gun Hwejin-myeon, and presents suggestions to inspire residents' awareness and enhance participation. This village has been developing a Green Rural Tourism Village Building Project under management of the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry. Consequently, the importance of residents recognizing they are a "community" has been emphasized as well as promoting the residents cooperation as a community. In addition, it was necessary to research ways to inspire the village to realize the ultimate goal of building rural tourism village. For this, in the beginning of the project, profitable work needed to be provided for the residents to participate in. Constructive participation by all residents is essential in each stage of the project s development. Operating a farm stay or running lodging facilities are options that could be considered. Moreover, it is imperative to immediately establish a awareness about the importance of participation in those who might have a negative or impartial opinion about the project, by providing education. The most efficient way to encourage residents' participation is to support various opportunities for education and field trips. Through these efforts, the residents are able to raise their level of education and develop their man-power as well. Once more, providing an incentive for residents' reliance is the kernel of the project. Considering the state of Korean rural areas, which are rapidly aging and becoming depopulated, green tourism can be a practical alternative for continuing rural development.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.9-21
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• 2024

Objective : This study investigated the effects of depression on online and offline social interactions among middle-aged and older adults with the aim of enhancing their social connectivity and mental well-being. Methods : Utilizing the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and the Lubben Social Network Scale-6, this study assessed depression and social relationships in 429 middle-aged adults. We explored the mediation effects of offline relationships on online interactions using path analysis and the Sobel test. Results : Significant links were found between depression and social relationships in a cohort of educated males averaging 63 years of age. Offline interactions mediated 32% of the influence of depression on online relationships, with strong model fit indices emphasizing the importance of offline social interactions. Conclusion : This study highlights the role of active engagement in online and offline networks in improving mental health and managing the impact of depression on social activity among older adults, helping prevent isolation.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.9
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• pp.101-111
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• 2019

This study was to examine association between working memory and social cognitive ability, and the influence of story-use on social cognitive ability. To this end, this study measured working memory(via n-back), and randomly assigned 82 participants into three groups(5th level intentionality, 3rd-level intentionality, and exposition conditions), and then compared the accuracy of perspective taking and emotion recognition(RMET: Reading Minds in the Eyes Test) as social cognitive ability. The results suggested that perspective taking accuracy was significantly associated with working memory capacity, whereas emotion recognition accuracy was not. Contrary to the hypothesis, perspective taking in the 5th-level intentionality story group were significantly lower than those in the 3rd-level intentionality story group. Emotions recognition accuracy was not significantly different among the three groups. Overall, this study produced inconsistent results, which has been discussed in terms of theory and methods.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.35-47
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• 2024

Objective : This study aimed to investigate the association between lifestyle factors and risk of frailty and depressive symptoms among older South Korean adults. Methods : This study included 10,072 individuals aged 65 or older from the 2017 National Survey of Older Koreans, a cohort of community-dwelling older South Koreans. The following lifestyle factors were assessed: physical activity, nutrition management (NM), and leisure/social activity participation (AP). Frailty was measured using the frail scale and depressive symptoms were measured using the Geriatric Depression Scale. Logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the odds ratios. Results : All lifestyle factors were associated with the risk of frailty and depressive symptoms in the study population. Regular exercise (≥3 times/wk, odds ratio [OR] = 0.59, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] = 0.52~0.91; OR = 0.66, 95% CI = 0.59~0.75), active NM (OR = 0.86, 95% CI = 0.80~0.91; OR = 0.81, 95% CI = 0.76~0.86), leisure AP (OR = 0.79, 95% CI = 0.74~0.84; OR = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.66~0.77) and social AP (OR = 0.92, 95% CI = 0.88~0.96; OR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.78~0.87) were correlated with lower odds ratios of frailty and depressive symptoms. Conclusion : Adopting a healthier lifestyle characterized by regular exercise, balanced nutrition, and active engagement in various activities can effectively reduce the risk of frailty and depressive symptoms among the older population. Ultimately, this study emphasized the essential role of lifestyle choices in promoting the physical and mental well-being of older adults.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.1-10
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to explore a significant HPWS(High Performance Work System) model for the entertainment industry. HPWS is one of the most studied themes for managing human resources as well as a set of practices to elicit employees' commitment to an organization. Recently, the entertainment industry is growing rapidly, but it is difficult for entertainment firms to retain a stable profit unlike the manufacturing industry. This is because the performance of entertainment business tends to rely heavily on the capabilities and synergy of human resources. In order to suggest a systematic way to manage these, this research identified an effective HPWS model for entertainment business and provides a competitive advantage to entertainment firms, using ANP(Analytic Network Process). ANP is a multicriteria decision making technique that allows dependences and feedbacks among decision elements in the hierarchical or network structures in a holistic manner. The pairwise comparison data that prioritized the criteria of HPWS was collected from 28 team leaders in entertainment firms. According to our results, the most critical factor for HPWS in entertainment business is "employee involvement in decision-making." The sub-factors such as "open communication," "distributive decision-making," and "performance-driven reward" have a greater effect. These findings could provide implications for entertainment firms to determine which practices should be taken into account to accomplish HPWS.