Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.5392/JKCA.2019.19.09.101

Does Story Enhance Social Cognitive Ability? Associations between Working Memory and Perspective Taking Ability  

Ahn, Dohyun (제주대학교 언론홍보학과)
Publication Information
The Journal of the Korea Contents Association / v.19, no.9, 2019 , pp. 101-111 More about this Journal
Abstract
This study was to examine association between working memory and social cognitive ability, and the influence of story-use on social cognitive ability. To this end, this study measured working memory(via n-back), and randomly assigned 82 participants into three groups(5th level intentionality, 3rd-level intentionality, and exposition conditions), and then compared the accuracy of perspective taking and emotion recognition(RMET: Reading Minds in the Eyes Test) as social cognitive ability. The results suggested that perspective taking accuracy was significantly associated with working memory capacity, whereas emotion recognition accuracy was not. Contrary to the hypothesis, perspective taking in the 5th-level intentionality story group were significantly lower than those in the 3rd-level intentionality story group. Emotions recognition accuracy was not significantly different among the three groups. Overall, this study produced inconsistent results, which has been discussed in terms of theory and methods.
Keywords
Story; Working Memory; Cognitive Load; Perspective Taking; Social Cognition; Theory of Mind; Emotion Recognition; Empathy;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 1  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Z. W. Pylyshyn, "When is attribution of beliefs justified?[P&W]," Behavioral and brain sciences, Vol.1, No.4, pp.592-593, 1978.   DOI
2 S. Baron-Cohan, "Evolution of a theory of mind?" In M. Corballis, & S. Lea (Eds.), The descent of mind: psychological perspectives on hominid evolution(pp.261-277), New York, NY: Oxford University Press. 2000
3 M. Tomasello, M.Carpenter, J. Call, T. Behne, and H. Moll, "Understanding and sharing intentions: The origins of cultural cognition." Behavioral and brain sciences, Vol.28, No.5, pp.675-691, 2005.   DOI
4 H. Wimmer and J. Perner, "Beliefs about beliefs: Representation and constraining function of wrong beliefs in young children's understanding of deception," Cognition, Vol.13, No.1, pp.103-128, 1983.   DOI
5 J. Stiller and R. I. Dunbar, "Perspective-taking and memory capacity predict social network size," Social Networks, Vol.29, No.1, pp.93-104, 2007.   DOI
6 C. Hughes, S. R. Jaffee, F. HappE, A. Taylor, A. Caspi, and T. E. Moffitt, "Origins of individual differences in theory of mind: from nature to nurture?," Child development, Vol.76, No.2, pp.356-370, 2005.   DOI
7 A. Baddeley, "Working memory: Theories, models, and controversies," Annual review of psychology, Vol.63. pp.1-29, 2012.   DOI
8 R. A. Mar and K. Oatley, "The function of fiction is the abstraction and simulation of social experience," Perspectives on Psychological Science, Vol.3, No.3, pp.173-192, 2008.   DOI
9 M. C. Green and T. C. Brock, "The role of transportation in the persuasiveness of public narratives," Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Vol.79, No.5, pp.701-721, 2000.   DOI
10 R. Dunbar, "Why are good writers so rare? An evolutionary perspective on literature," Journal of Cultural and Evolutionary Psychology, Vol.3, No.1, pp.7-21, 2005.   DOI
11 J. Carney, R. Wlodarski, and R. Dunbar, "Inference or enaction? The impact of genre on the narrative processing of other minds," PloS one, Vol.9, No.12, e114172, 2014.   DOI
12 S Jaeggi, et al. "The concurrent validity of the N-back task as a working memory measure," Memory, Vol.18, No.4, pp.394-412, 2010.   DOI
13 M. L. Meyer and M. D. Lieberman, "Social Working Memory Training Improves Perspective-Taking Accuracy," Social Psychological and Personality Science, Vol.7, No.4, pp.381-389, 2016.   DOI
14 조경자, 박수진, 송인혜, 김혜리, "정서 상태와 얼굴표정간의 연결 능력의 발달," 감성과학, Vol.10, No.1, pp.127-133, 2007.
15 R Core Team, "R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. URL https://www.R-project.org/, 2019.
16 S. van Buuren and K. Groothuis-Oudshoorn, "mice: Multivariate Imputation by Chained Equations in R," Journal of Statistical Software, Vol.45, No.3, pp.1-67, 2011.
17 민승기, 이윤형, "외국어 어휘 학습에서 학습자 요인의 영향: 부적 정서와 작업기억," 한국콘텐츠학회논문지, Vol.14, No.1, pp.545-555, 2014.
18 K. Fong, J. B. Mullin, and R. A. Mar, "What you read matters: The role of fiction genre in predicting interpersonal sensitivity," Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts, Vol.7, No.4, pp.370-376, 2013.   DOI
19 R. A. Mar, K. Oatley, J. Hirsh, J. dela Paz, and J. B. Peterson, "Bookworms versus nerds: Exposure to fiction versus non-fiction, divergent associations with social ability, and the simulation of fictional social worlds," Journal of Research in Personality, Vol.40, No.5, pp.694-712, 2006.   DOI
20 R. A. Mar, K. Oatley, and J. B. Peterson, "Exploring the link between reading fiction and empathy: Ruling out individual differences and examining outcomes," Communications, Vol.34, No.4, pp.407-428, 2009.
21 D. C. Kidd and E. Castano, "Reading literary fiction improves theory of mind," Science, Vol.342, No.6156, pp.377-380, 2013.   DOI
22 J. Black and J. L. Barnes, "Fiction and social cognition: The effect of viewing award-winning television dramas on theory of mind," Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts, Vol.9, No.4, pp.423-429, 2015.   DOI
23 M. E. Panero, D. S. Weisberg, J. Black, T. R. Goldstein, J. L. Barnes, H. Brownell, and E. Winner, "Does reading a single passage of literary fiction really improve theory of mind? An attempt at replication," Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Vol.111, No.5, pp.e46-e54, 2016.   DOI
24 안도현, "이야기의 단기적 이용이 타인초점 주의 방향에 미치는 영향," 한국콘텐츠학회논문지, 제17권, 제12호, pp.169-179, 2017.   DOI
25 S. Baron-Cohen, S. Wheelwright, J. Hill, Y. Raste, and I. Plumb, "The "Reading the Mind in the Eyes" test revised version: A study with normal adults, and adults with Asperger syndrome or high‐functioning autism," Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, Vol.42, No.2, pp.241-251, 2001.   DOI
26 R. Dunbar and S. Shultz, "Evolution in the social brain," Science, Vol.317, No.5843, pp.1344-1347, 2007.   DOI
27 D. C. Dennett, "Intentional systems," Journal of Philosophy, Vol.68, No.4, pp.87-106, 1971.   DOI
28 D. Premack and W. Woodruff, "Does the chimpanzee have a theory of mind?," Behavioral and brain sciences, Vol.1, No.4, pp.515-526, 1978.   DOI