• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.73-81
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• 2012

The bicycle is an environment-friendly transport mode leading to a more sustainable transportation system. To innovatively increase the use of bicycle as a significant transport mode, bicycling-friendly roadway environment should be provided. From this perspective, the scientific and effective assessment of roadway environment in term of the bicyclist perception for safety and comfortability is of keen interest. This study develops a methodology for evaluation cycling environment using probe bicycles. A global positioning system(GPS) based speedometer was used to collect bicycle speed data. Cycling comfortability index(CCI) was derived for the purpose of evaluating cycling environment. The proposed CCI can be effectively used as an assessment tool in the field of bicycle transportation.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.43-55
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• 2012

Bicycle is an environment-friendly transport mode contributing to a more sustainable transportation systems. To innovatively increase the use of bicycle as a significant transport mode, bicycle-friendly roadway environment should be provided. This study proposes a method to evaluate cycling environment based on the analysis of data collected from an specially equipped probe bicycle. The inertial measurement unit(IMU) consisting of a gyro sensor, accelerometer, and a global positioning systems(GPS) receiver was installed on the probe bicycle. Cycling stability index(CSI) and bicycle speed data were used as inputs of the proposed evaluation framework adopting the Fault Tree Analysis, which is a well-known technique for the risk analysis. The outcomes of this study will serve as an intelligent assesment tool for cycling environment.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.23 no.8 s.86
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• pp.203-213
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• 2005

Recently, with the increase of the interest to global environmental problems, bicycle has been recognized as the most environmentally friendly transportation mode. To promote cycling, it is necessary to ensure road space that bicycle can keep running safely and smoothly. This paper aims to evaluate the district with rearranged road space and network, given priority to bicycle, comparing the traditional district which are given priority to car from viewpoints of environment, safety and accessibility. As evaluation indicators, the carbon dioxide emission on the environment. the number of collision between car and bicycle on safety and an accumulated frequency measure on accessibility were used. As the result, it was clarified that bicycle road measures to create bicycle road by reallocation of road space and form bicycle exclusive network were effective.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2014.05a
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• pp.910-912
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• 2014

최근 친환경과 헬스케어에 관심이 높아짐과 더불어 자전거 타는 것에도 관심이 높아지고 있다. 우리나라 정부에서도 거기에 발맞춰 자전거 전용도로를 전국에 설치하기고 했다. 처음 자전거를 배우기 시작해서 어느 정도 중심을 잡게 되면 보통 변속기를 사용하게 된다. 변속기를 사용하게 되면 승차 자들은 도로나 환경에 맞지 않게 미숙하게 변속을 하게 되며, 이에 따른 사용자의 조작에 사용하는 엄지 또는 검지의 손가락에 피로감이 높아지고 안전위험이 증가하게 되지만, 사용하는 개인들은 그것을 모르고 사용하는 경우가 많다. 본 연구에서는 자전거 사용을 활성화 하고 안전에 도움을 주고, 변속 조작에 사용하는 엄지 또는 검지 손가락 피로를 줄일 수 있는 디지털변속기를 개발하였다. 디지털변속기를 사용함으로 자전거 변속에 어려운 승차 자들을 위해 디지털 변속을 사용하므로 서 주행효율을 개선하고, 안전하게 자전거를 사용할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. 승차 자가 속도 및 구배 정확하지 않는 변속에 의한 피로가 누적되어 하체에 무리가 많이 가게 되어서, 이로 인해 사고율도 높아 질수 있다. 기존 변속에 의한 문제점들을 해결하여 자전거의 운용을 효율성과 편의성을 개선하여, 안전 주행이 가능하게 하는 디지털 변속기를 개발 하였다.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.257-265
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• 2021

In this study, an evaluation index was developed and applied to derive indicators related to the environment for bicycle use and to evaluate the environment for bicycle use in the city of Suwon. Analysis showed that the relative importance between the assessment factors was highest in bicycle safety and that the relative importance among the assessment indicators was highest in terms of priority of items directly affecting bike riding, and items with indirect influence were low in importance. As a result of applying the evaluation model to bike paths in Suwon, it was confirmed that they can be described in a relatively realistic manner. The findings are expected to contribute to the development of local government directives for improving the environment of cycle paths.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SC
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.63-70
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• 2011

A bicycle is different from vehicles in the structure that a rider is fully exposed to the surrounding environment. Therefore, it needs to make use of prior information about local weather, air quality, trail road condition. Moreover, since it depends on human power for moving, it should acquire route property such as hill slope, winding, and road surface to improve its efficiency in everyday use. Recent mobile applications which are to be used during bicycle riding let us aware of the necessity of development of intelligent bicycles. This study aims to develop a riding state (up-hill, down-hill, accelerating, braking) recognition algorithm using a low-power wrist watch type embedded system which has 3-axis accelerometer and wireless communication capability. The developed algorithm was applied to 19 experimental riding data and showed more than 95% of correct recognition over 83.3% of the total dataset. The altitude and temperature sensor also in the embedded system mounted on the bicycle is being used to improve the accuracy of the algorithm. The developed riding state recognition algorithm is expected to be a platform technology for intelligent bicycle interface system.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.475-486
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to propose a policy direction to improve the service of public bicycles in Seoul by identifying the physical characteristics that affect the satisfaction level in the Seoul Metropolitan Government's public bicycle use environment. To this end, a survey was conducted on users regarding their experiences using public bicycles in Seoul, and the responses of 567 people were analyzed. IPA analysis and ordinal logistic analysis were used. An analysis of the Seoul Metropolitan Government's public bicycle IPA showed that the satisfaction level was lower than that of importance in all categories. Among them, the most urgent need for improvement was the installation of bicycle roads, improved connectivity of bicycle roads, improved road management, classification of roads and bicycle roads, improved safety during night driving, and low satisfaction levels. Second, an analysis of the factors affecting the satisfaction in the public bicycle use environment showed that the model's explanatory power increased significantly from 0.062 to 0.437 after incorporating perceived variables, confirming that the perceived neighborhood environment characteristics are an important variable for determining the satisfaction level in the public bicycle use environment, among the perceived neighborhood environmental characteristics, accessibility, convenience, manageability.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.11-20
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• 2011

This study aimed to devise the method to construct safe and convenient bicycle road by considering the peripheral environmental factor related to using bicycle. Analyzing the existing design of bicycle road and construction case, this study established the method to design bicycle road that reflects site condition and presented the optimal design method for each type of bicycle road to construct safe and convenient bicycle road by analyzing the type of traffic accident for each type of bicycle road, surveying present situation and local survey. It was found that the optimum design of bicycle road for specification, width, curve radius, ascending slope, etc in consideration of peripheral environment and separating traffic between users of traffic means should be done by installing safety sign, safe facilities and separation facilities to design safe bicycle road. Further, the minimum traffic space of bicycle users and connection between bicycle roads should be ensured to design safe bicycle road. It is judged that information related to safety and convenience of bicycle road such as slope, route information, location of convenience facilities, information to the public traffic should be provided so as to activate the users of bicycle.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.28-38
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• 2016

Cooperative-Intelligent Transport Systems (c-ITS) has emphasized a real-time traffic safety service in urgent situations among highway infrastructure and four-wheeled vehicles, while two-wheeled vehicles, e.g. bicycles and motorcycle, sharing highway space and endangering highway safety, have yet been out of its interest. This paper delivers the results of a study conducted to analyze the patterns of two-wheeled-vehicle traffic accidents experienced in the past, the last three years (2011~2013), and to propose the types of service enhancing the safety of the riders of those. It was found from the analysis of historical accident data that the side collision on a link section should be taken care of for further safety treatment, while the old female drivers need additional care to decrease their fatality rate. By combining the services proposed for bicycles and motorcycles, this paper proposes (1) eight different bicycle-to-everything (B2X) services which can be eventually provided in c-ITS and (2) three of those that would be available in the near future with the current communication technologies.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.3-9
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• 2018

The Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (DDPG) algorithm is an algorithm that learns by using artificial neural network s and reinforcement learning. Among the studies related to reinforcement learning, which has been recently studied, the D DPG algorithm has an advantage of preventing the cases where the wrong actions are accumulated and affecting the learn ing because it is learned by the off-policy. In this study, we experimented to control the bicycle autonomously by applyin g the DDPG algorithm. Simulation was carried out by setting various environments and it was shown that the method us ed in the experiment works stably on the simulation.