• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.43-46
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• 1995

Like each treatment for the psychiatric patients psychotherapeutic approach for the adolescent borderline patients is case by case. However some principles are derived from the characteristics of the adolescent psychology. As they put it adolescence is psychologically 'the second individuation period'. Both sexual dvive and aggressive drive are aggrevated, and 'the actual object' like parent are to be separated. Given that borderline patients are weak in their egos and show poor indentity formation 'analytic supportive psychotherpay' would be more effective than analysis itself.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.135-152
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• 2018

Purpose: This study attempted to analyze how the ego state of flight attendants affects their job satisfaction and customer orientation using Berne's (1966) transactional analysis and further compare the difference between job satisfaction and customer orientation depending on demographic characteristics, position, and ego state. Methods: The data was collected by using the structured questionnaires to flight attendant of major airline companies. The proposed research model is tested using 164 valid questionnaires using SPSS 23 and Smart PLS 2. Results: This research indicated the only free child ego sate among ego state factors of flight attendant was found to have a positive impact on job satisfaction. In the relationship between ego states and customer orientation, all ego state factors were found to have a significant influence on customer orientation. Conclusions: The study offered a theoretical and empirical foundation for future research by empirically identifying the relationship between ego state factors and customer orientation in the in-flight service and suggested the strategic implications to increase job satisfaction and customer orientation based on the psychology and ego state of flight attendant.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.63-70
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to research sociodemographic characteristic, work-concerned characteristic, health behavior, life stress, psychosocial stress, job stress and self-esteem of dental hygienists and to find their effects on cortisol level in saliva. The target of this study is 219 dental hygienists registered in Daegu and Gyeongbuk Dental Hygienists Association as of February 2010. For life stress, there was significant difference depending on working years of current job(p<0.05), self health status and regular meal(p<0.01). For psychosocial stress, there was significant difference depending on age(p<0.05), daily working hours(p<0.01), self health status, sleeping hours, regular meal and hobby and leisure activity(p<0.01). For job stress, there was significant difference depending on academic background (p<0.05), job experience, position, man power appropriateness in department and working years of current job(p<0.05). For cortisol level in saliva, extra working days(p<0.05) and self health status(p<0.05) showed significant difference and job stress and cortisol level in saliva showed the negative correlation(p<0.01). Health behavior gave a significant effect to life stress by path coefficient -36.807(p<0.05) and that to psychosocial stress by path coefficient -5.209(p<0.001). And health behavior also gave a significant effect to self-esteem by path coefficient 0.561(p<0.05). Life stress gave a significant effect to psychosocial stress by 0.012(p<0.05) with self-esteem to psychosocial stress by -2.437(p<0.001) and psychosocial stress to job stress by 0.523(p<0.001). Job stress gave a significant effect to cortisol level in saliva by -0.060 (p<0.05). It was found that the most significant factor that affects cortisol level in saliva was job stress, but showed negative correlation. It can be assumed that chromic job stress cause shortage in cortisol excretion, and caused lower cortisol level in saliva.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.68-81
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to analyze the type of ego states and stress coping style on female college students who are in the course of nursing study. This study is performed in the view of Transactional Analysis and designed to scrutinize descriptive correlations between the type of ego states and stress coping style. The subject is consists of 144 freshmen and sophomore, 138 junior and senior students group, who are students of K nursing college located in Seoul. The sampling investigation period is on Sept. 14, 2002 to Oct. 26, 2002. The measuring instrument used for Transactional Analysis ego state is 50 items Ego-gram research paper devised by Dusay(1997). For studying coping style, Folkman & Lazarus's measurement(1984) was adopted, which is translated and modified by Han, and Oh,(1990). Health states is adopted by standardized health inspecting instrumental table (Cornell Medical Index:CMI) which is designed for Korean people by Ko and Park(1980) Statistic average and standard deviation were generated by using SPSS PC+, t=test and Pearson correlation. The results were as follows: 1) In the type of ego states on both groups indicated the arithmetic apex NP(maximum value), then the point A was high and the data made a down slope to point AC. In the comparison to type of ego states between two groups, only at point CP, the data value of upper year students represented higher than that of lower year ones by c(t=2.28, p=.023). 2) Stress coping style of whole students were highly and affirmatively dedicated to research. Especially hopeful aspect(t=.67, p=.05), relaxation of tension(t=-2.16, p=.03) made significant difference each other in the view of arithmetic calculation. 3) In view of nursing students' physical health states, there is significant difference in past history(t=2.50, p=.013) and in case of mental health states, there are considerable discrepancies between lower group(73.52) and upper group(75.11)(p<.05). In view of all field, state of tension(t=2.13, p=.048) has difference. 4) While verifying coping style in terms of ego states level between lower and upper students group, In type CP, high level ego states group indicated significant difference on stress coping style area than low leveled group and made such sequences as the central point of problem, In type NP, sequences such as the central point of problem, In type A, the central point of problem, In type FC, hopeful aspect and In type AC, hopeful aspect and indifference were derived significantly different (p<.05). 5) While verifying health state differences in the level of lower and upper ego states, In type FC, low level group(150.29) marked higher point than upper group(145.19), there is remarkable discrepancy and so did whole health state(p=.014), In type AC both mental state(p=.000) and whole health state (p=.015) showed differences. 6) When analyzing correlations between whole students' ego states, copying style and health state, all type of ego state showed differences(p<.001). In correlations between ego state and health state, in type FC physical state had an apex and there are inverse correlations among the other types. Especially, type FC showed inverse correlations with great discrepancies(p<.05). In mental state, type NP(${\gamma}=.198$, p<.001) and type A(${\gamma}=.166$, p<.05) represented straight correlations with remarkable differences. Especially, In type AC showed inverse correlations(${\gamma}=.282$, p<.001). In case of correlations between copying style and health state, indifference(${\gamma}=-.157$) and relaxation of tension(${\gamma}=-.158$) presented great difference(p<.05). In mental state, central point of problem and search for social support showed straight correlations with great discrepancies(p<.05), hopeful aspect and indifference showed inverse correlations with considerable differences(p<.001).

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.50
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• pp.173-207
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• 2002

The purpose of the study is to examine the impact of the youth's addiction to Internet and what behavior do they show depending on the extent of addiction, and further to analyze the reason of cyber sex addiction and the addiction level. The results are as following; First, 2% of the target students of the study was in severe internet addiction and 47% in the 'early addiction' which is in the risk of addiction. Second, the larger the youth's depression and impulsiveness was, the lower their self-esteem was, the poorer their parents' bringing-up attitude was, and the lower their satisfaction to school life was, the more deep they are addicted to internet. Third, the problem behavior due to Internet addiction were categorized into seven area of trouble; family, social, physical, psychological, public relation, cyber sex, and school life. It showed that 'heavily addicted group' had the most severe problems. Forth, as to the extent of cyber sex addiction, 0.7% of the youth was in severe 'heavy addiction' and about 7% was in the 'early addiction' which is in the range of addiction risk. Fifth, the higher the youth's personal depression and impulsiveness was, the lower their self-esteem was, the poorer their parents' couple relation and bringing-up attitude were, and the worse their relation with peers and teachers was, they got indulged into cyber addiction.

• Journal of Music and Human Behavior
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.45-58
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• 2006

Recently many treatment strategies have been developed to prevent suicidal ideation as it is increasing. Various community facilities and university centers are carrying out research to develop efficient treatment programs. This study examined how music can be used therapeutically for a case who is going through severe suicidal ideation. Various music therapy techniques are utilized including song psychotherapy, music and imagery and role play instrumental improvisation. A woman with severe depression for seven one-hour session. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected to examine the changes in the suicidal ideation. As results, there were lots of changes in the client's attitude towards life through exploring inner world. Much of stability and sense of security were gained and emotional hardship was resolved in the process of therapy. The client was able to structure future plans productively as the suicidal ideation was reduced. In the process of role play instrumental improvisation, music allowed her to express issues regarding relationships with others, attitudes and in other areas as well. Music was used "as therapy" and solved many repressed emotions related to the trauma including psychological inhibition, tension, helplessness, lack of energy. Further music was able to bring the "false" ego with "true ego". The study implies that various psychotherapeutic interventions can alleviate depression and reduce suicidal ideation.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.10
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• pp.367-376
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• 2015

This study is executed to investigate convergent factors related to depression among some college women of health affiliated educations. It surveyed 419 college women in Honam area during the period from March 9th to April 30th, 2015. The structured self-administered questionary was delivered and they were collected without respondents' personal information. The results of multiple regression analysis show the followings. The depression level of respondents turned out to be significantly higher in following groups: a group that experienced school bullying or violence, a group in which sleeping time is improper, a group in which subjective health status is bad, a group in which subjective happiness is lower, a group in which type A behavior pattern is higher, a group in which job seeking stress is higher, a group in which self esteem is lower, a group in which hopelessness is higher. Their explanatory power was 42.8%. The results indicate that the efforts to prevent bullying and violence experience, to get the proper amount of sleep, to be healthy, to increase subjective happiness and self esteem, to decrease type A behavior pattern, job seeking stress and hopelessness, are required to reduce the depression level of the college women of health affiliated educations.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.424-432
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• 2014

The purpose of study is to understand the relation with factors which affect the mental health and to investigate self-esteem, department satisfaction and career stress among dental hygiene students. The study performs self-administered questionnaires survey from March to May, 2013, among dental hygiene students of college in Busan and Ulsan with the convenience sampling and finally analyzes 376 questionnaires. The study performs the path analysis to analyze the impact of the mental health on self-esteem, department satisfaction and career stress and the correlation among these variables. The analysis result shows that the self-esteem most affects and the direct effect on the mental health. The factor which affects the self-esteem is the department satisfaction show direct effect, also career stress has direct and indirect effect. Self-esteem is important factors in the department satisfaction, career stress and mental health. Thus, a stable mental health for students and groups of individuals who need to take advantage of professional counseling and career exploration program structured should be configured.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.506-515
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to identify the factors associated with the levels of depression of the elderly (living in urban areas). Interviews were performed during the period from July 1, 2015 to August 31, 2015 of 386 elderly people in urban areas. The mean score of depressive symptoms was significantly higher in the subjects of higher age, lower educational level, living alone, having a lower monthly income, relying on government subsidy for their living expenses, having a chronic illness, lower state of subjective health, without regular exercise, poorer subjective sleeping time, lower frequency of going out, irregular eating habits, depending on some level of help for their ADL and IADL, and having lower self-esteem and social support. The depressive symptoms showed a meaningful positive correlation with ADL and IADL and a negative correlation with self-esteem and social support. On multiple regression analysis, the meaningful variables related to their depressive symptoms were their education, monthly income, subjective health status, ADL, self-esteem, and social support. Also, according to the variables was 54.1% of depressive symptoms. Therefore, it is considered that the practice of physical and mental health care, as well as social support, is required to reduce the level of depression in the elderly.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.41-56
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• 2001

Overview: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the determinants on the correlation between constitution and health promoting lifestyle profile on the workers. Also, the questionnaire on the HPLP (health promoting lifestyle profile) of Walker(1987) and Sa-sang constitution of Lee(l894) were utilized Methods: Data from a representative sample of 652 workers were analyzed Pearson's chi-square test analysis was utilized to test the explanatory causal model and to determine the direct and indirect effects of independent variables on quality of life. Results: Constitutional distribution among exposed group, were Tae-eum In(43.7%), So-eum In(33.6%), and So-yang In(22.7%). The degree of the subjects practicing health promoting lifestyle, on a scale of 1 to 4, is an average of 2.62, personal relations 2.94, self-realization 2.86, stress management 2.71, nutrition 2.68, responsibility for health 2.37, and exercise 2.21, with personal relations earning the highest points and exercise the lowest As for factors influencing health promoting lifestyle, there is significant difference between sex and age. That is female and higher age. On the difference between constitution and health promoting lifestyle, Tae-eum In is the highest all area except personal relations. So-eum In is the lowest all area except responsibility for health. Conclusions: Tae-eum In totally do health promoting lifestyle well but So-eum In relatively not. On the Study we used the HPLP(health promoting lifestyle profile) on the premise that each person's daily life, the attitude and the practice level to the health have an influence on the health. So in the constitution there is a little differences in the consideration and the practice level and health condition will be different. On this study we finish up by knowing about the health promoting lifestyle. But on next time we will have to go on studying about the sign and the comparison with the result of western and oriental medical health examination to the each constitution on carrying out continuously oriental medical health examination.