• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.27-42
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• 2014

The primary purpose of this study was to examine the influence of mothers' emotion expressiveness and children's attributional biases on children's aggressive behavior, focusing on gender differences. The data were collected from a total of 86 children; 46 6-year-old boys and 40 6-year-old girls in kindergartens, and their mothers in Seoul. The emotion expressiveness of the mothers were measured by a self-reported Korean version of SEFQ(Self Expressivness Family Questionnaire). Attributional biases of the children were evaluated by using Dodge and Frame's Story-Based Interview Scale. Children's aggressive behavior were measured by teachers using a children's Aggressive Behavior Scale developed by Crick(1995). T-test, correlation analysis, and multiple regression were used to analyze the collected data. The results showed that the relational attributional biases of children positively influenced overt/relational aggressive behaviors. The emotion expressiveness of mothers and the aggressive behavior of children, however, were not significant. Regarding gender differences in children, the negative emotion expressiveness of mothers predicted the girl's relational aggressive behavior negatively. Implications and limitations of this study were discussed.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.23-45
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• 2011

People could possess different self-identity under virtual world from physical world because of anonymity of the virtual world and this difference could influence their behavior in the virtual world. Based on self-discrepancy theory, this research proposes that continuous use model in self-expression goal. We defined the difference bet ween actual self~identity and ideal self~identity in the virtual world as "self-discrepancy in virtual world", and the difference between actual self-identity in the physical world and actual self-identity in the virtual world as "cross-world self-discrepancy". Before testing hypothesis, we compare the actual self-identity in the online community with the actual self-identity in the physical world, and with ideal self-identity in the virtual world. We derived an index for two different types of self-identity in terms of Personal Self-identity and Social Self-identity through factor analysis. Our results show that online community members have a higher level of ideal self-identity than actual self-identity in online community, and they have better personal self-identity in online community than physical world while a lower level of social self-identity in online community than physical world. The results of the hypothesis testing analysis based on 300 respondents showed that "self-discrepancy in virtual world" negatively influenced perceived usefulness for self-expression while "cross-world self-discrepancy" positively influenced perceived usefulness for self-expression. The perceived usefulness for self-expression and ease of use positively influence both continuous use and knowledge contribution. Specially, the effect of perceived usefulness for self-expression on knowledge contribution is much bigger than the effect of ease of use. This study extends self-discrepancy theory to virtual worlds by suggesting various types of self-discrepancy and by applying the effect of self-discrepancies in online community. Also, this study extends technology acceptance model in the personal goal in terms of self-expression. This study hopes to offer practical insights by suggesting positive effect of self-discrepancy on behavior in the online community.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.27 no.12
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• pp.1424-1433
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• 2003

본 연구는 소비자의 의류제품평가에 있어 개인적ㆍ심리적 요인인 자기이미지 및 의복태도의 관련성을 살펴보고자 하였다. 연구결과, 소비자의 의류제품평가는 다차원적인 구조를 가지며, 외관적, 성능적, 외재적, 표현적 요소로 세분화되어 사용되고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 또한 소비자의 자기이미지와 의복태도에 따라 의류제품 평가기준과 의복선호스타일에 유의한 차이가 나타남으로써 이들이 소비자의 의류제품 평가에 영향을 미치는 중요한 변인이라는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 따라서 이러한 소비자의 자기이미지 및 의복태도는 감성이나 이미지와 같은 요소들의 중요성이 증가하고 있는 최근의 의류시장의 경향에 부합하여 시장세분화의 효과적인 변수로 사용될 수 있을 것이다. 이와 함께 자기이미지 및 의복태도를 통해 세분화된 표적시장 소비자들이 보다 중요시하는 의류제품평가의 차원들을 파악하고 이를 강화함으로써 보다 효율적인 마케팅 전략을 수립할 수 있을 것이다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institutes of Information Security and Cryptology Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.88-91
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• 2002

자기 수축 발생기(self-shrinking generator)는 Meier와 Staffelbach에 의해 제안되었으며[4], 구조가 간단하고 키수열을 생성하는 속도가 빠르기 때문에 스트림 암호시스템으로 각광받고 있다 [5]. 본 논문에서는 자기 수축 발생기의 새로운 구성방법을 제안한다. 제안된 자기 수축 발생기는 하나의 선형귀환회로와 주어진 짝수 m에 의하여 정의되며 일반적으로 선형귀환회로의 귀환다항식으로 원시다항식을 사용한다. 이 경우 키수열은 균형성을 만족하며, 선형귀환회로의 귀환다항식의 차수를 $d_{Y}$ 라고 하면 주기는 $d_{Y-2}$ 이다. m을 $2^{η}$ζ로 표현하면 선형복잡도 Lz는 $d_{Y}$ ＋η-3/$\leq$ $L_{Z}$ $\leq$m/2($d_{Y}$ -1 - ($d_{Y}$ -2))이다. 따라서 제안된 자기 수축 발생기는 기존의 자기 수축 발생기에 비하여 암호학적으로 우수한 성질을 갖는다.다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.645-648
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• 2008

In this study, to evaluate the correlation between hydration heat and autogenous shrinkage of high strength concrete in early age, statistical method present numerically hydration heat and autogenous shrinkage was studied. First of all, hydration heating velocity and autogenous shrinking velocity as quantitative coefficients which represent the main properties of hydration heat and autogenous shrinkage were proposed. Two coefficients were calculated by statistical analysis and were equal with the regression coefficient. To verify the validity of the proposed statistical analysis method, data of hydration heat and autogenous shrinkage gathered by a real experiment were analyzed by it. In results, properties of hydration heat and autogenous shrinkage of high strength concrete in early age were analyzed quantitatively. Also evaluation and comparison of the correlation between hydration heat and autogenous shrinkage with numerical value were possible.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.217-240
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• 2023

For a while, Functional cosmetics, Cosmeceutical cosmetics, and Derma cosmetics have gained trust and become popular due to the consumers' strong interest in ingredients & efficacy. It's remarkable that Clean or Vegan brands are growing fast because they are emphasizing on different values from the other cosmetic brands. It's needed to attempt to analyze the influence relationship between consumer lifestyle and social value in these changes, and to find out whether the consumption of vegan cosmetics is related to satisfying the need for self-expression in a social atmosphere where ESG is emphasized on. This study analyzed the effect of lifestyle types and self-expression needs on the purchase intention of vegan cosmetics by mediating social values for cosmetics consumers. Lifestyle types were classified into appearance-oriented, health-oriented, and fashion-oriented. For empirical analysis, 321 questionnaires collected from cosmetics consumers living across the country were used. SPSS v26.0 and PROCESS macro v4.2 were used to analyze based on a single mediating model as a single mediator. As a result of the analysis, first, lifestyle types and self-expression needs, excluding appearance-oriented types, were found to have a positive (+) effect on social values. Second, it was found that social value had a positive (+) significant effect on the purchase intention of vegan cosmetics. Third, appearance-oriented, health-oriented, trend-seeking lifestyle types and self-expression needs were all found to have a positive (+) effect on the purchase intention of vegan cosmetics. Fourth, social values were found to mediate lifestyle types, self-expression needs, and purchase intentions, except for appearance-oriented types. Appearance-oriented consumers do not directly affect social values but affect purchase intentions, suggesting that appearance-oriented consumers may not be significantly affected by product-related social values. In a comparison of the relative influence size using standardization coefficients, self-expression needs had the greatest impact on the purchase intention of vegan cosmetics when mediating social values, and health-oriented ones had the least impact. The academic implications of this study include contributing to consumer behavior research by providing insights, mediation mechanisms, and consideration of the niche consumer sector, and directing further research into the cosmetics industry beyond forming marketing strategies and sustainable business practices.

• Korean Journal of Logic
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.39-66
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• 2002

일반적으로 엄밀한 방법을 통하여 증명되었다고 말해지는 괴델의 불완전성 정리는 일련의 전제와 배경지식이 요구된다고 하겠다. 이들 중에서 무엇보다도 중요한 것은 정리의 증명에 사용되는 메타언어상의 수학적 참에 대한 개념이다. 일단 확인할 수 있는 것은 "증명도, 반증도 되지 않지만 참인 산수문장의 존재"라는 불완전성 정리의 내용에서 괴델이 가정하고 있는 수학적 참의 개념이 구문론적인 증명개념으로부터 완전히 독립되어야 한다는 점이다. 문제는 그가 가정하고 있는 수학적 참의 개념이 도대체 무엇이어야만 하겠는가라는 점이다. 이 논문은 이 질문과 관련하여 내용적으로 3부분으로 나누어 질 수 있다. I. 괴델의 정리의 증명에 필요한 전제들 및 표의 도움을 얻어 자세히 제시되는 증명과정의 개략도를 통해 문제의 지형도를 조감하였다. II, III. 비트겐슈타인의 괴델비판을 중심으로, "일련의 글자꼴이 산수문장이다"라는 주장의 의미에 대한 상식적 비판 및 해석에 바탕을 둔 모형이론에 대한 대안제시를 통하여 괴델의 정리를 증명하기 위해 필요한 산수적 참에 관한 전제가 결코 "확보된 것이 아니다"라는 점을 밝혔다. IV. 괴델의 정리에 대한 앞의 비판이 초수학적 전제에 대한 것이라면, 3번째 부분에서는 공리체계에서 생성 가능한 표현의 증명여부와 관련된 쌍조건문이 그 도입에 필수적인 괴델화가 갖는 임의성으로 인해 양쪽의 문장의 참, 거짓 여부가 서로 독립적으로 판단 가능하여야만 한다는 점에(외재적 관계!) 착안하여 궁극적으로 자기 자신의 증명여부를 판단하게 되는 한계상황에 도달할 경우(대각화와 관련된 표 참조) 그 독립성이 상실됨으로 인해 사실상 기능이 정지되어야만 한다는 점, 그럼에도 불구하고 이 한계상황을 간파할 경우(내재적 관계로 바뀜!)항상 순환논법을 피할 수 없다는 점을 밝혔다. 비유적으로 거울이 모든 것을 비출 수 있어도 자기 스스로를 비출 수 없다는 점과 같으며, 공리체계 내 표현의 증명여부를 그 체계내의 표현으로 판별하는 괴델의 거울 역시 스스로를 비출 수는 없다는 점을 밝혔다. 따라서 괴델문장이 산수문장에 속한다는 믿음은, 그 문장의 증명, 반증 여부도 아니고 또 그 문장의 사용에서 오는 것도 아니고, 플라톤적 수의 세계에 대한 그 어떤 직관에서 나오는 것도 아니다. 사실상 구문론적 측면을 제외하고는 그 어떤 것으로부터도 괴델문장이 산수문장이라는 근거는 없다. 그럼에도 불구하고 괴델문장을 산수문장으로 볼 경우(괴델의 정리의 증명과정이라는 마술을 통해!), 그것은 확보된 구성요소로부터 조합된 문장이 아니라 전체가 서로 분리불가능한 하나의 그림이라고 보아야한다. 이것은 비트겐슈타인이 공리를 그림이라고 본 것과 완전히 일치하는 맥락이다. 바론 그런 점에서 괴델문장은 새로운 공리로 도입된 것과 사실은 다름이 없다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2011.06c
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• pp.377-378
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• 2011

본 논문은 뇌기능 연구에 크게 기여하는 기능적 자기공명영상을 효과적으로 분석하기 위한 유효 연결성(Effective Connectivity, EC)을 이용한 대규모 네트워크(Large-Scale Network, LSN) 분석(LSN-EC)을 제안한다. 유효 연결성은 뇌영역간의 시공간적 인과관계를 표현한 연결성이며, 뇌의 기능적 연결성 및 구조탐색 사용된다. LSN-EC는 뇌영역간의 EC를 표현하고 그룹간의 차이분석을 통하여 뇌질환 분석 및 진단 연구로의 응용이 가능하다. 실험결과에서 알츠하이머병과 관련이 높다고 알려진 후대상피질(Posterior Cingulate Cortex)과 해마(Hippocampus)가 포함된 변연엽(Limbic Lobe), 기저핵 및 시상(Basal Ganglion and Thalamus) 주변 영역에서 감소된 EC를 확인하였다.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.93-102
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the degrees of assertiveness and depression in clinical nurses and identify the relationships between them. Method: The study included 261 clinical nurses working at one university hospital in the Kyunggi province. The assertiveness scale and a micro simple mental diagnosis test were used to assess the variables. Data were analyzed using SPSS. Results: The average assertiveness score was $3.04{\pm}0.38$ and an average depression score $1.23{\pm}0.71$. Statistically significant differences in assertiveness were identified with regards to marital status (p=.034), type of families (p=.005), number of counselling persons (p=.007), and subjective mental health status (p<.001). In addition, the assertiveness scores were statistically significant based on job position(p=.032), and the levels of satisfaction with nursing job (p=.015). There were significant negative correlations between assertiveness and depression of clinical nurses(r=-.237, p<.001). Conclusion: These findings suggest that assertiveness training for clinical nurses is necessary, especially for novice nurses, in order to decrease the level of depression.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.179-186
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was conducted to evaluate the effects of an action learning-based nursing ethics education on the self-assertiveness and ethical values in nursing students. Methods: The study was a non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design. This study was carried out from October 19 to December 11, 2015. Participants were fifty-six undergraduate nursing students who assigned to either an action learning-based nursing ethics education or traditional lecture. Outcomes were measured assessed self-assertiveness and ethical values using questionnaires. Results: There was a significant improvement in the self-assertiveness in the experimental group who received an action learning-based nursing ethics education than the control group who undertook the traditional lecture (p=.017). However, ethical values were not statistically signigicant between two groups (p=.347). Conclusion: This study demonstrated that an action learning-based nursing ethics education for undergraduate students is very effective in promoting self-assertiveness compared to the traditional lecture.