• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
• /
• v.21 no.2
• /
• pp.88-94
• /
• 2012

This study was carried out in order to investigate the effect of temperature of treatment and storage on the longevity of 'Unicorn' tomatoes of light red maturity stage during commercial handling conditions encountered while exporting over long distances. Tomato stored at $5^{\circ}C$ and $11^{\circ}C$ temperature with 85% relative humidity by pre-treating handling temperature that was using from field to before shipment as a winter temperature $5^{\circ}C$, spring temperature $11^{\circ}C$ and summer temperature $25^{\circ}C$ for 3 days. On the final storage day, $25^{\circ}C/11^{\circ}C$ (treated/stored) tomatoes showed the highest respiration and ethylene production rate; whereas the lowest respiration and ethylene production rate was found for $5^{\circ}C/5^{\circ}C$ treated and stored tomatoes. Tomatoes treated and stored at $5^{\circ}C/5^{\circ}C$ showed higher marketability, without evidence of fungal rot, decay or spots for 23 days. The fresh weight loss under all treatment conditions increased gradually during $5^{\circ}C$ and $11^{\circ}C$ storage temperatures. The higher firmness and soluble solids were determined from $5^{\circ}C/5^{\circ}C$ and $5^{\circ}C/11^{\circ}C$ treated and stored tomatoes repectively, than from others tomatoes on the final day of storage. In addition, $5^{\circ}C/5^{\circ}C$ tomatoes showed higher vitamin C contents than tomatoes stored at other temperatures, on the final day of storage. As the ripening and storage period progressed, the titratable acidity increased, but declined (P < 0.05) thereafter, due to over ripe tomatoes under all treatment conditions. These results show that $5^{\circ}C/5^{\circ}C$ treated and stored light red maturity stages of 'Unicorn' tomatoes are optimum to export because they show the highest storability and marketability. Moreover, the marketability of light red maturity stage of 'Unicorn' tomato maintained for 2 weeks in $25^{\circ}C/11^{\circ}C$ treated and stored temperature that might be the export temperature from Korea to Japan in summer season. This research result could be useful in helping tomato growers and exporters to get optimum market value by satisfying the buyer and consumer with a fresher product.

• Journal of the Korean Society of International Agriculture
• /
• v.30 no.4
• /
• pp.292-299
• /
• 2018

In a survey in which farmers were asked about their levels of satisfaction with agricultural machines, Japanese products scored higher than local products by 1.2, 1.3, and 1.4 times for tractors, combine harvesters, and rice transplanter, respectively. Japanese products corresponded to generally high satisfaction levels in terms of operating performance, operability, frequency of breakdowns, and durability, excluding sales price and after-sales services. Effective countermeasures through quality improvement are therefore necessary for Korean products. Furthermore, a survey of dealers showed that the components and consumables for core agricultural machines had high frequencies of breakdowns and repairs. Four major components of tractors represented 85.3% of all breakdowns and repairs, five components of combine harvesters represented 89.6%, and three components of rice transplanters represented 80.5%. Moreover, a comparison of the technological levels between local and imported machines showed that the local machines' levels were at 60-100% for tractors, 70-100% for combine harvesters, and 70-95% for rice transplanters. Small and mid-sized tractors, 4 interrow combine harvesters, and 6 interrow rice transplanters showed similar levels of technology. The results of the analysis suggest that action is urgently needed at a policy level to establish an agricultural machinery component research center for the development, production, and supply of commonly-used components, with the participation of manufacturers of agricultural machines and components, in order to enhance the competitiveness of local manufacturers and to revitalize the agricultural machine market.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
• /
• v.18
• /
• pp.135-183
• /
• 2003

Aerospace force is a determining factor in a modem war. The combat field is expanding to space. Thus, the legitimacy of establishing aerospace force is no longer an debating issue, but "how should we establish aerospace force" has become an issue to the military. The standard limiting on the military use of space should be non-aggressive use as asserted by the U.S., rather than non-military use as asserted by the former Soviet Union. The former Soviet Union's argument is not even strongly supported by the current Russia government, and realistically is hard to be applied. Thus, the multi-purpose satellite used for military surveillance or a commercial satellite employed for military communication are allowed under the U.S. principle of peaceful use of space. In this regard, Air Force may be free to develop a military surveillance satellite and a communication satellite with civilian research institute. Although MTCR, entered into with the U.S., restricts the development of space-launching vehicle for the export purpose, the development of space-launching vehicle by the Korea Air Force or Korea Aerospace Research Institute is beyond the scope of application of MTCR, and Air Force may just operate a satellite in the orbit for the military purpose. The primary task for multi-purpose satellite is a remote sensing; SAR sensor with high resolution is mainly employed for military use. Therefore, a system that enables Air Force, the Korea Aerospace Research Institute, and Agency for Defense Development to conduct joint-research and development should be instituted. U.S. Air Force has dismantled its own space-launching vehicle step by step, and, instead, has increased using private space launching vehicle. In addition, Military communication has been operated separately from civil communication services or broadcasting services due to the special circumstances unique to the military setting. However, joint-operation of communication facility by the military and civil users is preferred because this reduces financial burden resulting from separate operation of military satellite. During the Gulf War, U.S. armed forces employed commercial satellites for its military communication. Korea's participation in space technology research is a little bit behind in time, considering its economic scale. In terms of budget, Korea is to spend 5 trillion won for 15 years for the space activities. However, Japan has 2 trillion won annul budget for the same activities. Because the development of space industry during initial fostering period does not apply to profit-making business, government supports are inevitable. All space development programs of other foreign countries are entirely supported by each government, and, only recently, private industry started participating in limited area such as a communication satellite and broadcasting satellite, Particularly, Korea's space industry is in an infant stage, which largely demands government supports. Government support should be in the form of investment or financial contribution, rather than in the form of loan or borrowing. Compared to other advanced countries in space industry, Korea needs more budget and professional research staff. Naturally, for the efficient and systemic space development and for the prevention of overlapping and distraction of power, it is necessary to enact space-related statutes, which would provide dear vision for the Korea space development. Furthermore, the fact that a variety of departments are running their own space development program requires a centralized and single space-industry development system. Prior to discussing how to coordinate or integrate space programs between Agency for Defense Development and the Korea Aerospace Research Institute, it is a prerequisite to establish, namely, "Space Operations Center"in the Air Force, which would determine policy and strategy in operating space forces. For the establishment of "Space Operations Center," policy determinations by the Ministry of National Defense and the Joint Chief of Staff are required. Especially, space surveillance system through using a military surveillance satellite and communication satellite, which would lay foundation for independent defense, shall be established with reference to Japan's space force plan. In order to resolve issues related to MTCR, Air Force would use space-launching vehicle of the Korea Aerospace Research Institute. Moreover, defense budge should be appropriated for using multi-purpose satellite and communication satellite. The Ministry of National Defense needs to appropriate 2.5 trillion won budget for space operations, which amounts to Japan's surveillance satellite operating budges.

• Proceedings of the Korean Aquaculture Society Conference
• /
• 2003.10a
• /
• pp.22-22
• /
• 2003

로티퍼는 해산어와 담수어뿐만 아니라 식용어와 관상어에 이르기까지 모든 어류의 인공 종묘 생산 과정에서 초기 먹이생물로 이용되고 있는 중요한 동물 플랑크톤이다. 그리고 로티퍼를 초기 자어의 첫 먹이로 사용하는 것을 시작으로 알테미아, 코페포다 또는 초미립자 사료 등을 사용하는 어류 인공종묘 생산 과정에서의 먹이계열이 확립되어 있다. 그러나, 사육하고자 하는 어종에 따라 초기 자어기에서 로티퍼를 섭이하는 시기와 사육 일령별 자어의 로티퍼 포식수를 알 수 있는 정확한 방법이 없다는 이유로 지금까지는 자어의 로티퍼 최초 포식 일령 및 로티퍼 포식수를 개개의 연구자들 나름대로의 방법으로 관찰하여 왔다. 일반적으로 자어가 로티퍼를 포식하였는지의 여부 및 포식수는 자어 소화기내에 존재하는 소화가 진행되기 전의 로티퍼 몸체의 수를 계수하는 방법으로 이루어졌다. 로티퍼의 체내에는 섬모환으로 모은 수중의 먹이 현탁액을 소화기계로 이동시키기 전에 먹이를 잘게 다지고 부수는 기능을 하는 저작기 (trophi)가 존재한다. 그리고 이 저작기는 로티퍼의 종에 따라서 다른 형태를 하고 있는 것으로 알려져 있다. 이 연구에서는 자어가 섭이한 로티퍼는 어류의 소화기내에서 소화가 진행되는 과정에서 로티퍼의 체 구조 중 저작기가 쉽게 소화되기 어렵고 소화기관의 연동 운동에 의해서도 쉽게 그 모양이 손상되지 않는다는 것을 발견하고 이 저작기의 수를 계수하므로서 로티퍼의 최초 섭이 일령 및 일령별 로티퍼 포식수를 계수할 수 있는 방법을 검토하였다. 그 결과, 소화기내의 잔존 로티퍼 몸체만으로 계수 관찰하던 기존 방법에 비교하여 로티퍼의 저작기를 계수하는 방법을 이용할 경우 보다 신뢰도가 높은 결과를 도출할 수 있음을 확인하였다. 경제적 가치의 우수성 때문만은 아니다. 미국은 자국의 대두 생산자들이 생산해 낸 대두를 판매하면서 조성한 자조금을 모아 대두의 생산성을 향상시키기 위한 연구 개발과 국내외 시장을 확대하기 위한 마케팅 활동에 쓰고 있다. 이런 자조 노력은 비단 미국의 대두 농민들에게만 국한된 것이 아니다. 가깝게는 일본의 수산업과 해산어 양식산업의 발전은 중앙 및 지방 정부, 수협과 같은 어민 조합 및 연근해 수산업 종사자들이 출연한 기금을 통해 이루어지고 있음을 지난 8월 북해도의 양식산업을 시찰했을 때 확인할 수 있었던 사실이다. 이제 우리나라도 국민소득 1만불 시대를 넘어 2만불 시대를 열기 위한 청사진을 그릴 만큼 모든 경제의 규모가 확대되었을 뿐 아니라 질적으로 고도화되었다. 우리에게 필요한 것은 성숙된 산업사회에 걸맞는 각 산업 주체들의 의식이다. 한국의 양식산업도 자조 정신을 갖추어 생산성 향상에 초점을 맞춘 양식기술의 개발, 환경 보전을 고려한 양식장 관리 및 소비를 확대하기 위한 유통시스템의 선진화에 스스로 투자를 해야 할 시기에 와 있다.치가 완전히 익은 15일 후에는 무첨가 김치, 0.1%, 0.2% 및 0.3% 고분자 키토산 김치의 젖산균 수는 5.4X107 cfu/g, 3.3X107 cfu/g, 8.6X106 cfu/g 및 2.6X106 cfu/g로 나타났다. 5. 발효가 진행 중에 대장균 군 수가 시간과 더불어 대장균군 수가 모든 구에 있어서 6일까지는 서서히 증가하다가 그 후부터는 대장균 군 수가 감소하였다. 즉, 발효초기에는 모든 구가 2.0X104∼4.0X105 cfu/g이었고, 6일 경에는 8.9X104∼4.5X105 cfu/g로 약간 증가하였으며 15일후에는 키토산 무첨가 김치가 2.0X

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.80-87
• /
• 2006

SONY corporation preoccupies $80\%$ of a market of the CCD used in a CCTV system. The CCD of SONY have high duality which can not follow the progress of capability. But there are some problems which differ the clock frequency used in CCD from the frequency used in common video encoder. To get the result by using common video encoder, the system needs a scaler that could adjust image size and PLL that synchronizes CCD's with encoder's clock So, this paper proposes the video encoder that is activated at equal clock used in CCD without scaler and PLL. The encoder converts ITU-R BT.601 4:2:2 or ITU-R BT.656 inputs from various video sources into NTSC or PAL signals in CVBS. Due to variable clock, property of filters used in the encoder is automatically changed by clock and filters adopt multiplier-free structures to reduce hardware complexity. The hardware bit width of programmable digital filters for luminance and chrominance signals, along with other operating blocks, are carefully determined to produce hish-quality digital video signals of ${\pm}1$ LSB error or less. The proposed encoder is experimentally demonstrated by using the Altera Stratix EP1S80B953C6ES device.

• Journal of Service Research and Studies
• /
• v.6 no.2
• /
• pp.23-35
• /
• 2016

Firms should seek greater profits and corporate growth through new businesses. New businesses contribute realizing creative economy that creates good jobs, and expanding the company by securing new markets and creating new profits and growth. However, new business is risky management decision-making to have a high failure rate because it involves the adaptation of new business environment and the burden of new investments, including the uncertainty of success in business. Therefore, innovation strategies play important roles for the new business entry, using product innovation, process innovation, business model innovation, disruptive innovation, and strategic innovation, etc. and company will get huge economic results by pushing them into successful business. It is essential that innovation strategy and IT development strategy along with business strategy of a firm are linked, and their strategic alignment is considered to be a critical success factor for new business success. Hyundai Heavy Industries(HHI) pursued marine engine business for the development of precision machinery industry and shipbuilding industry of Korea, and the company recognized the importance of new business strategy, innovation strategy, and IT strategy inter-linked, and pushed strategic alignment boldly. As a result, HHI won the competition in European and Japanese engine manufacturers and climbed into the world's largest engine manufacturer. This study suggests investigating and analyzing a case that HHI succeeded in marine engine business expansion using strategic innovation strategy as a way of the introduction of CNC machine tools and the development of HEMAPT system.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
• /
• v.20 no.2
• /
• pp.183-198
• /
• 2014

This study aims to suggest useful information for tteokbokki franchise businesses to enter foreign markets by market testing and surveying preferences of foreign consumers with various kinds of tteokbokki. For this research, a survey was conducted from July 16 to August 20, 2012, targeting the people who live in Beijing, Tokyo, Singapore. The data was collected and analyzed using SPSS for Windows Version 18.0. The relationship between the general details of consumers and the results of the market test were analyzed using canonical correlation analysis. Research results and utilization plans are expected to use for improving the image of the country and ripple effects on exporting agricultural and fishery products, along with the effect of increasing spread of overseas personnel export and domestic Korean overseas supply of cultural content. Nurturing restaurant franchise business, creating jobs, and contributing to the increase in the income of the rural economy are also expected. Fermented tteokbokki franchise business should create new added value. The development of fermented tteokbokki will build a new culture of consumption, expand consumption, academic cooperation and joint technology development, and activate employment linked. Consequently, it is necessary to understand eating habits of local consumers from a variety of perspectives such as texture, taste, and colors of sauce when globalizing Korean food.

• Particle and aerosol research
• /
• v.6 no.3
• /
• pp.107-121
• /
• 2010

The number of nanotechnology based consumer products are growing rapidly. Thus, the customer likely to be exposed to such products continues to increase as the applications expand. This article describes the international and Korea's policies on the EHS(Environment, Safety and Health) issues of nanotechnologies. The strategic plan and coordination of OECD and ISO were summarized. This article also examines several new findings of Korean researchers as well as current and future challenges in the aerosol application study of EHS issues on the nanotechnologies.

• Bulletin of Food Technology
• /
• v.26 no.3
• /
• pp.178-187
• /
• 2013

분자단계에서 천연소재 유래 다당체는 면역 세포 표면(예, 대식세포)에 있는 한가지 또는 여러가지 수용체(${\beta}$-glucan 수용체, mannose 수용체, complement 수용체 3, Toll-like 수용체, scavenger 수용체)와 면역 반응을 시작하기 위하여 결합할 수 있고, 그 후에 신호전달을 위하여 cytokine과 second messenger($Ca^{2+}$, cAMP, cGMP, NO 등등)들을 생성한다. 그 결과로 선천면역과 적응면역을 유도하여 다양한 질환에 영향을 미친다. 추가적으로 다당체들의 면역조절은 신경내분비 체계의 조절과도 연관되어 있다. 최근 수많은 천연소재유래 다당체의 생리활성에 관한 연구가 진행되고 있다. 다양한 연구를 통해 정확한 약효, 낮은 독성과 부작용을 가진 일단의 다당체가 발견되어 현재 임상에서 암 치료에도 사용되고 있다. 이러한 사실들은 면역증진 다당체들이 항 종양치료를 위한 새로운 치료제로서 큰 시장을 개척할 수 있다는 가능성을 보여주고 있다. 이러한 사실에도 불구하고 현재 다당체에 대한 연구는 다음과 같은 취약점을 내포하고 있다. 첫째 다당체의 생리활성에 대한 정해진 비교기준이 없다. 특별히 임상 환경에서는 이러한 연구들이 중국, 일본, 한국과 일부 다른 동양국가들에 국한되어 있어 유럽이나 미국에서의 연구 자료가 결여되어있다. 둘째 현재 연구에 사용되고 있는 대다수의 천연소재 유래 다당체는 순수한 다당체가 아닌 천연 그대로의 것을 사용하고 있어 소재로부터 유래하는 다른 활성성분에 의해 쉽게 영향을 받을 수 있어 순수 다당체가 면역체계에 어떠한 역할을 수행하는지 진단하는데 어려움이 있다. 셋째 면역조절 경로에서 다당체의 정확한 신호전달 경로가 아직 정확하게 밝혀지지 않았고, 또한 동물과 임상실험에서 다당체가 작용하는 수용체 및 신호전달 경로에 대한 상반되는 결과가 발표되고 있기도 하다. 따라서 다당체의 면역조절활성에 대한 연구에 있어 다음과 같은 점들에 주목해야 할 필요가 있다. 첫째 다당체의 구조와 활성간의 상관관계를 밝혀야 할 것이다. 특히 다당체의 세부 구조 및 활성 부위를 밝혀낸다면 분자수준의 면역조절 기작을 명확히 하는데 도움을 줄 수 있을 것이다. 이러한 정보를 확보할 수 있다면 다당체의 구조를 변형시켜 활성을 증진시킬 수 있을 것이며, 또한 활성이 증가된 다당체를 합성하는 일도 가능해 질 것으로 예상된다. 마지막으로 ${\beta}$-glucan과 lentinan과 같은 정제된 다당체의 연구를 지속적으로 수행하여 효과적인 동물실험 및 임상실험 protocol을 확보하고 연구결과들에 대한 database를 구축해야 할 필요가 있다. 이러한 노력들이 성공적으로 수행된다면 천연소재유래 다당체들이 가까운 장래에 암 치료를 포함한 다양한 질병에 적용 가능한 새로운 면역조절제로 사용될 수 있을 것이다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.12 no.10
• /
• pp.169-177
• /
• 2012

Due to the influences of global financial crisis, countries are putting their efforts on the enhancement of appropriateness and transparency of director compensation. In several countries including Germany, the United States, the United Kingdom, France, and Italy, listed companies and financial institutions in certain levels make public announcement for compensations of individual directors, not the averages. Recently, even Asian countries including China, Hong Kong, and Singapore are introducing individual director compensation public announcement policies. On the other hand, in cases of companies, which must submit annual reports, under current Korean capital market laws and enforcement ordinances, they are obligated to mention 'total wage paid to all executives in that business year' on the annual report, but does not have to mention individual wages of each executive. About this, at the 17th national assembly, revised bill for the Securities and Exchange Act for companies to mention wages of each executive. The financial world is opposing to open individual director compensation to the public as they concern about the shrinking of outstanding human resources recruitment, breach of corporate confidence, privacy invasion, deterioration of labor-management relations, and downfall of the executive's management will as director compensation will be standardized downward; however, if public opening of individual director compensation is forced, domestic companies will prepare more objective and rational standards when they calculate director compensations, and moreover, it will prevent arbitrary intervention of dominant shareholders. Therefore, to clearly and efficiently control director compensation, we need regulations for obligating public opening of individual director compensation.