• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.68 no.3
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• pp.149-180
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• 2016

The purpose of the present study was to examine the validity and reliability of the Korean version of PANSI(Positive and Negative Suicide Ideation: K-PANSI) scale which was developed to measure adolescents' suicide ideation. The study sample consisted of 552 middle school students using a questionnaire survey including the K-PANSI. A reliability analysis, a correlation analysis, and a confirmatory factor analysis were used to test internal consistency(Cronbach alpha), criterion validity (with respect to CES-D, BDI, RES, SWLS), and construct validity. Major study findings are as follows. First, Cronbach' ${\alpha}$ of the K-PANSI scale is supported to some degree by significant correlations with CES-D, BDI, RES, SWLS. Lastly, the confirmatory factor analysis of the K-PANSI scale showed that a two factor model was appropriate with 66.0 percent of explanatory power. These findings suggest that the K-PANSI scale could be used as a reliable and valid measure for adolescent' suicide ideation.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.32-38
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• 1982

The study has been carried out to investigate a possibility to control the pine needle gall midge, Thecodiplosis japonensis Uchida et Inoue, by microbial pathogens as one of the microbial control measures. The samples were collected at Kocheon-Ri in the suburbs of Suweon city where were heavily damaged by this pest. Microorganisms were isolated from the both of diseased larvae and baiting method of soil microbes. In addition to, several species of the silkworm mucardine diseases were isolated for their infectivity of these fungi to the larvae of pine needle gall midge. Six species of fungi, Aureobasidium pullulans, Ascochyta sp, Verticillium psalliotae, Streptomyces sp., and two species of Aspergillus were isolated from the galls and soils, five species of muscardine diseases, Isaria farinosa, Spicaria pracina, Oospora destructor, Aspergillus flavus and A. oryzae were also identified from the silkworm corpse collected in the silkworm rearing farmers. Total of eleven species of fungi identified from the both of the larval of pine needle gall midge and silkworm larvae were tested for their pathogenecity to the larvae of pine needle gall midge. All of eleven species of fungi identified showed a considerable infectivity to the larvae. Twenty nine different kinds of bacteria were isolated from the both of diseased larvae and infested soils through the direct planting for the larvae and streaking for the corpse. The infectivity test is in progress. However two kinds of bacteria were recognized to be pathogenic to the larvae tested.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.9
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• pp.225-233
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• 2015

The convergence social app manufacturing platform for both demander and developer in worldwide provides a collective collaborative development approach. This platform can bring enhanced productivity with exchange of views among participants. If the assessment is not fair that many participants will leave the collective collaborative project. The previous studies verified the reliability of the evaluation based on statistical techniques. Because the previous studies did not consider the task performance of participants, do not reflect the feature of project tasks. So, the contribution scores of the participants can be distorted. In this study, we suggest the method for evaluating the development contributions value. This is considered the task performance of participants and involved the method of equitable and consistency peer assessment.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.113-123
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to investigate engineering students' attitude toward convergence and relevance with engineering education accreditation, gender, and academic year and attitude toward convergence. To be specific, fist, we examined whether the instrument for measuring attitudes toward convergence were reliable and valid for engineering students. Second, we compared levels of attitudes toward convergence in terms of engineering education accreditation, gender and academic year. Third, latent classes, which were distinguished in terms of attitudes toward convergence, were identified. Participants were 2076 engineering students. By using factor analysis and Rasch analysis, validity and reliability of instrument measuring attitudes toward convergence were confirmed. The differences in attitude toward convergence in terms of engineering education accreditation experience, gender, and academic year were examined by independent t-test and ANOVA. There were significant differences in attitude towards convergence in terms of engineering education accreditation, gender, and academic year. Students who experience engineering education accreditation program and male and high academic year have higher levels of attitude toward convergence than others. Lastly latent class analysis (LCA) was conducted to identify subgroups underlying engineering students in terms of attitude toward convergence and five latent classes were identified. In addition, the chi-square results showed that there were significant relationships between identified latent classes and engineering education accreditation, gender, and academic year. Based on these results, engineering education considering students' characteristics and diversity in attitude toward convergence were discussed.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.11
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• pp.259-277
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• 2001

본 연구는 개방형 문제를 활용한 평가가 수학적 창의력에 미치는 효과를 분석함으로써 수학적 창의력을 신장시킬 수 있는 평가 방법을 찾는데 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 대구광역시 소재의 C중학교 2학년 1개반과 S중학교 2학년 1개반을 임의로 선정하여 한 반은 개방형 문제를 활용한 평가 집단으로 하고 다른 한 반은 전통적 평가 집단으로 무선 할당하여 실험연구를 실시하였다. 실험처치는 두 집단에게 서로 다른 유형의 평가를 실시하는 것으로, 실험집단은 개방형 문제를 평가과제로 하여 실험집단 담임 교사가 평가를 실시하였으며, 비교집단은 객관식 및 주관식 단답형 문제를 평가과제로 하여 비교집단 담임교사가 전통적인 평가를 실시하였다. 본 연구에서 사용한 검사도구는 수학적 창의력 검사로 사전 사후검사 모두 같은 검사지를 사용하였다. 사후 수학적 창의력 검사의 평균의 차를 t-검정한 결과 유의도p=.025(p < .05)로 실험집단과 비교집단 사이에는 통계적으로 유의미한 차가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 수학적 창의력의 각 요소별로 차이가 있는지 알아보기 위해 사후 창의력 검사의 각 요소별로 평균의 차를 t-검정한 결과, 유창성과 융통성은 각각 유의도 p=.030, p=.040으로 p < .05 수준에서 통계적으로 유의미한 차이가 있었으며, 독창성은 유의도 p=.052로 p < .1 수준에서 통계적으로 유의미한 차이를 보였다. 연구결과 개방형 문제를 활용한 평가가 전통적 평가보다 수학적 창의력 향상에 더 효과적이며, 수학적 창의력의 세 가지 요소(유창성, 융통성, 독창성)의 향상에도 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 개방형 문제를 활용한 평가가 수학적 창의력 신장에 효과적인 방법임을 시사한다.질공학적 특성의 위도별, 깊이별 변화는 탄산질 퇴적물과 규질 퇴적물의 분포, 수층의 생산성 및 수심변화에 따른 용해도와 퇴적을 차이 그리고 침식 및 재퇴적작용 등 퇴적 과정이 위도별로 달랐기 때문으로 판단된다.haetoceros resting spores/Chaetoceroe vegetative cells도 80 cm 보다 상층에서는 높게 나타나 규조온도지수 분포와도 일치하는 경향을 보인다. 이상의 규조군집 분석 결과에 의하면, 홀로세의 후빙기동안 본 연구 지역인 동해 북동부에는 대마 난류의 유입이후 현재와 유사한 환경이 우세하게 발달했으나, 난류종 P. doliolus의 변화는 동해내에서 대마난류의 세기가 반복되었음을 지시하고 있다./3 수준으로 높다. 결론적으로 풍부한 화학물질들을 함유한 제주해류는 남해 및 동해의 생지화학적 과정들에 있어 상당히 중요함을 시사한다.다. 수조 상층수 중 Cu, Cd, As 농도는 모든 FW, SW수조에서 시간이 지남에 따라 일관성 있게 감소하였고, 제거속도는 Cu가 다른 원소에 비해 빨랐다. 제거속도는 FW 3개 수조 중 FW5&6에서 세 원소 모두 가장 느렸고, SW 3개 수조 중에서는 SW1&2에서 가장 빨랐다. SW와 FW간 제거속도 차이는 세 원소 모두 명확치 않았다 Cr은 FW에서 전반적으로 감소하는 경향을 보였지만 SW에서는 실험 초기에 감소하다 24시간 이후에는 증가 후 일정한 양상을 보였다. Pb은 FW에서 전반적으로 감소했지만 SW에서는 초기에 급격히 증가 후 다시 급격히 감소하는 양상을 보였다 Pb 또한 Cu, Cd, As와 마찬가지로 SW1&2에서 제거속도가 가장 빠르게 나타났다. FW 상층수 중 Hg는 시간에 따라 급격히 감소했고,

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.581-594
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• 2013

A group sequential design can end a clinical trial early if a confirmed efficacy or a futility of study medication is found during clinical trials. Adaptation can adjust the design of clinical trials based on accumulated data. The key to this methodology is considered to control the overall type 1 error rate while maintaining the integrity of clinical trials. The estimation would be more complex and the sample size calculation will be more difficult if the clinical trials have repeated measurement data. Lee et al. (2002) suggested a repeated observation case by using the independent increments properties of the interim test statistics and investigated the properties of the proposed confidence interval based on the stage-wise ordering. This study extend Lee et al. (2002) to adaptive group sequential design. We suggest test statistics for the adaptation as redesigning the second stage of clinical trials and induce the stage-wise confidence interval of parameter of interests. The simulation will help to confirm the suggested method.

• Education of Primary School Mathematics
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.125-140
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• 2023

In elementary school mathematics, the addition and subtraction of fractions are difficult for students to understand but very important concepts. This study aims to examine the teaching methods and visual aids utilized in the context of common denominator fraction addition and subtraction. The analysis focuses on evaluating the lesson flow and the utilization of visual representations in one national textbook and ten certified textbooks aligned with the current 2015 revised curriculum. The results show that each textbook is composed of chapter sequences and topics that reflect the curriculum faithfully, with each textbook considering its own order and content. Additionally, each textbook uses a different variety and number of visual representations, presumably intended to aid in learning the operations of fractions through the consistency or diversity of the visual representations. Identifying the characteristics of each textbook can lead to more effective instruction in fraction operations.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.12
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• pp.517-529
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to develop and evaluate the scale for university students' health behaviors. This research is based on Roger's(1975) Protection Motivation Theory and Weinstein(1988)'s Precaution Adoption Process Model as theoretical frameworks. The contents of the scale were first abstracted from personal depth interviews of qualitative study on university students' health behavior experiences and review of its related literature. The initial items consisted of 76 behavior questions and 34 perception questions. After conducting the preliminary test, 33 behavior questions and 24 perception questions were selected for the final test by revisions on the basis of the result of the content validity test and the item understanding test. The questionnaires for the final test were distributed to 400 students enrolled in three universities. The questionnaires collected from 373 participants were analyzed by the SPSS program. From the examination of construct validity, item correlation, and factor relation turned out to be relevant. Five factors were determined from 27 items with a cumulative explained variance of 54.498 %. After examining reliability and validity of the collected dat, 27 items were finalized as the scale for university students' health behaviors.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.472-484
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• 2004

인터넷 쇼핑이 성장하면서 비교쇼핑몰의 중요성도 그만큼 증가하고 있다. 그러나 현재의 비교쇼핑몰들은 웹으로부터 제품가격정보와 같은 단순한 XML 데이터만을 수집하여 비교할 뿐, 배송비와 같이 규칙을 기반으로 한 정확한 비교는 제공하지 못하고 있다. 각 쇼핑몰은 저마다 배송비에 관한 정책을 다양하게 제시하고 있으나 비교쇼핑몰에서는 이를 반영할 구조를 가지고 있지 못하기 때문이다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 규칙 기반의 추론을 이용해 상품가격에 배송비를 포함하여 비교를 수행할 수 있는 비교쇼핑몰을 구현하고자 한다. 이를 위해 eXtensible Rule Markup Language (XRML)를 이용하여 각 쇼핑몰의 웹페이지의 문장과 표로부터 규칙을 습득하는 방안을 제시하였다. 이 구조를 이용하면 웹페이지에서 완전에 가까운 규칙을 자동생성할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라, 각 사이트에서 변화가 발생하면 이를 반영하여 규칙을 일관성있게 수정하도록 지원할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 인터넷 상의 대표적 서점인 Amazon.com, BarnesandNoble.com, Powells.com에 대해 XRML을 기반으로 설계한 비교쇼핑몰의 프로토타입 ConsiderD를 개발하였다. 이 과정에서 웹으로 부터 규칙을 자동생성 할 수 있는 잠재력을 검정하고, 배송비 효과의 중요성을 실험을 통해 예시하였다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.9
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• pp.439-450
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• 2022

Purpose: This study was to develop the Preventive Self-Management Knowledge related to Premature Labor (PSMK-PL) scale for women of childbearing age. Methods: Preliminary items were developed based on the literature and interview results of those who experienced premature labor. The online survey was conducted and the data of 250 women were analyzed using the DIMTEST and DETECT programs by applying the item response theory. Internal consistency reliability was analyzed with Cronbach's alpha (95% CI). Results: Among the 30 preliminary items, six items were deleted. The difficulty and discrimination of the 24 final three-dimensional scales were all acceptable, respectively. Cronbach's alpha (95% CI) was .89 (.87~.91). Conclusion: The PSMK-PL scale generally consisted of items with validity, and the reliability was acceptable.