• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.85-94
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship of influenza A (H1N1) knowledge, attitude and practice for nurses. Methods: Data were collected by self-report questionnaires from a total of 325 nurses working in an Influenza A (H1N1) base-zone hospital in C city during September, 2009. The collected data were analyzed using of SPSS/WIN 17.0. Results: The knowledge of influenza A (H1N1) was not statistically different for gender, age, education, work unit, clinical experience, position, or previous education of Influenza A (H1N1). The attitude to influenza A (H1N1) was statistically significant according to age or clinical experience. Practice related to influenza A (H1N1) was statistically different for education, clinical experience or previous education of influenza A (H1N1). Knowledge of influenza A (H1N1) was lowest for etiology and definition compared to other subcategories. Attitude and practice were significantly different for all items. The biggest difference in items was for 'use of physical barriers (protective goggles, face masks and gowns) during procedures that may involve contact with aerosol'. There was a positive association between attitude and practice. Conclusion: An educational program focusing on strategy to change nurses's knowledge, attitude and practice can be effective for infection control in an influenza A (H1N1) base-zone hospital.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.567-576
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• 2010

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to examine selected people's knowledge of Influenza A(HINI), their self-efficacy, social norms, awareness of the gravity of the infection of the flu, behavioral intention, preventive behavior, the impact of their knowledge of the flu on those variables and the relationship of the variables, as the spread of the flu has been accelerated. Methods : The subjects in this study were 484 health-related majors at two selected colleges selected by random sampling from the metropolitan area. Results : As for connections between knowledge of the 2009 H1N1 and self-efficacy, the students who were knowledgeable about the flu got a mean of 3.24, and those whose knowledge was on an intermediate level got 3.08. The students who didn't know well about that got 2.91. The students who were better informed were ahead of those who were less informed in terms of self-efficacy, and the intergroup gap was statistically significant(p<0.01). In relation to self-efficacy, the better-informed students scored higher than the less-informed ones in both of the two items: whether to know how to cope with the spread of the 2009 H1N1(p<0.01), and whether to be able to be ready for the spread of it(p<0.01). The intergroup gaps were statistically significant. Conclusions : The knowledge of the students about Influence A(H1N1) and their preventive behavior were analyzed in association with the spread of the flu, and there were no differences in actual preventive behavior though they were not the same in terms of behavioral intention. Therefore health education programs should be prepared to improve not only their knowledge but their attitude and preventive skills to boost their preventive behavior.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.284-288
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• 2001

Respiratory viruses are one of the most infectious agent in human. Six different respiratory tract viruses were detected from Busan while working on the preventive surveillance in 1997-2000. The isolation rate from suspected specimens were 8.4%. Influenza virus A, B type, parainfluenza virus, adenovirus, mumps virus, and measles virus were examined from throat swabs, serum, and secretions of patients. Influenza A/Sydney/05/97(H3N2)-like, A/Johanesburg/33/94(H3N2)-like, A/Beijing/262/95(H1N1)-like and Influenza B/Beijing/262/95-like, B/Harbin/07/94-like, B/Guangdong/08/93-like were found. Adenovirus serotype 1, 2, 3 and 5 were detected, antibody of mumps both IgM and IgG were shown and outbreaks of measles were confirmed. Different antigenic types of influenza virus were detected every year, one outbreak of parainfluenza in 1999, mumps outbreak in 1999 and 2000, and incidence of measles in 2000 were noticeable. Monthly outbreaks were November through following March with influenza virus, January through June with adenovirus, February through May and December with mumps, April through August and November, December with measles, respectively. The size of isolated viruses were 130 nm with influenza virus B type, non-enveloped, icosahedron with 70 nm with adenovirus, 170 nm with mumps virus and 180 nm with parainfluenza virus in diameter, respectively.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.277-286
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• 2011

Purpose: This study examined levels of stress and adherence to self care guidelines in elementary and middle school students who were infected with the influenza A (H1N1) virus in 2009. Method: A total of 649 students from J city participated in the survey. Stress was measured with the Impact of Event Scale-Revised which was developed by Weiss and Marmar (1997) and translated by Eun and colleagues (2005). Adherence to self care guidelines was measured with the scale developed by the authors based on the self care recommendations from Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Result: Levels of stress and adherence to self care guidelines were higher in elementary school students. However, the severity of participants' stress was less than moderate. The adherence level was significantly different depending on status of taking an antiviral agent, health education and self care education regarding the virus infection. Conclusion: Findings suggest that effects of health education under the national crisis situation due to influenza A (H1N1) virus pandemic were helpful. More in-depth study is needed to understand and to improve middle school students' self care behaviors.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.182-192
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• 2011

Purpose : Atopic findings may be associated with severity of pneumonia in 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) infection, which could suggest a possible association between atopic findings and the severity of viral infections. Thus, we studied association between atopic findings and severity of disease in children with H1N1 influenza infection. Methods : A retrospective study was performed in 74 children admitted in a single tertiary institute and confirmed as H1N1 patients by reverse transcriptase (RT) - polymerase chain reaction (PCR). They were divided into 2 groups according to the severity of pneumonia. We evaluated whether the atopic finding is risk factor between the two groups. Results : Children with severe pneumonia had higher percentages of serum eosinophilia (88% vs 40%, P <0.001), asthma (65% vs 35%, P =0.011), allergic rhinitis (71% vs 40%, P =0.009), and IgE level (P =0.007). We found positive correlations between aeroallergen sensitizations and severity of pneumonia (82% vs 53%, P =0.007). Conclusion : Among patients with H1N1 pneumonia, asthma and atopic findings are risk factors for severity of pneumonia.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.89-94
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• 2003

Respiratory viruses were isolated from patients with acute respiratory infections in Busan during 2000-2001 and characterized for their antigenic properties. In 2000, 39 out of 43 isolated viruses were identified as influenza viruses and the others were adenoviruses. Among the isolated influenza viruses,23 were type A influenza viruses and 16 were type B influenza viruses. As a result of antigenic characterization, the influenza viruses were determined to A/Sydney/05/97(H3N2)-like, A/Beijing/262/95(H1N1)-like, and B/Harbin07/94-like viruses and serotypes of the isolated adenoviruses were type 1, 2, and 5. In 2001, 56 viruses were isolated and all of the viruses were identified as influenza viruses. They were A/panama/253/99(H3N2)-like and A/Newcaledonia/2007/99(H1Nl)-like viruses when determined by their antigenic properties. The sex distribution of the patients is as follows, 14 males (32.56%),23 females (67.44％) in 2000, and 23 males (41.07%), 33 females (58.93%) in 2001. Occurrence rate was found to be higher in female patients in both years. Age distribution of patients, in 2000, 48.84％ of infection occurred in 0 to 1 year old while in 2002, 33.93% occurred among 11-20 year olds. In 2000, occurrence rate was found to be high in January and again in April and various types of viruses were isolated. These results may be useful for vaccine development and establishment of reliable epidemic data.

• KOREAN ASSOCIATION OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH NURSES
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.8-19
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• 2009

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Veterinary Clinics Conference
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.47-50
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• 2009

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.53-59
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• 2005

Influenza is an important public health problem which occurs almost every winter in temperate climates and is often associated with increased rates of hospitalization and death. In 1999, our influenza surveillance was initiated with 4 voluntary sentinel physicians and the Public Health Center. During the 2003-2004 influenza season, 124 influenza viruses were isolated from 401 clinical specimens, which were collected from patients with Influenza-like illness(ILI) in Seoul. The case definition of ILI is a case with fever more than $38^{\circ}C$ and systemic symptoms; cough, or sore throat. ILI was the highest at the 20-49 age $group(23\%)$ and the rate of virus isolation was the highest at the 7-19 age $group(50\%)$. Among 124 influenza viruses, isolates 83 were identified as A/H3N2 type and others were subtyped as influenza B viruses in 2003-2004 season. Influenza viruses were collected $39.1\%$ at Nowon-Gu, $13.5\%$ Gangnam-Gu and Seocho-Gu etc. and the isolate rate of virus had the area difference; Yongsan-Gu $66.7\%$, Gangnam-gu $50.0\%$, Nowon-Gu $39.9\%$, Kangbuk-Gu $36.8\%$, Seocho-Gu $27.8\%$, Dongjak-Gu $21.2\%$. Out of 401 individuals, 160 was vaccinated $(40\%)$ and the vaccination rate was the highest at the 20-49 age $group(32\%)$. These findings may contribute to the recommondation of the influenza vaccine formulation and the development of influenza control measure.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.250-259
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was examined to identify the relationship among knowledge, attitude, and compliance with preventive behavior on influenza A (H1N1) by University students. Methods: The sample consisted of 101 students. The data were collected from August to September 2009 and analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression. Results: The mean scores of knowledge ($11.89{\pm}1.39$), attitude ($30.16{\pm}2.87$), and compliance with preventive behavior ($22.35{\pm}3.51$) on influenza A (H1N1) were above the average. The level of knowledge was not significantly different regardless of characteristics. Students' attitude differed according to gender (p<.001), and plan to seasonal influenza vaccination for this year (p=.007). Compliance with preventive behavior was significantly different according to experience of seasonal influenza vaccination during last year (p=.010), experience of obtained information about influenza A (H1N1) (p=.037). Significant correlations were found between knowledge and compliance with preventive behavior (p<.001), attitude and compliance with preventive behavior (p<.001). Knowledge and attitude was a predictor of compliance with preventive behavior (23.4%). Conclusion : These findings indicate that perceived knowledge and attitude may be necessary to improve compliance with preventive behavior on influenza A (H1N1) among university students. The results of the study can be utilized in educational programs about preventing the occurrence of influenza among university students.