• Informatization Policy
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.20-45
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• 2018

This study aims to find the factors of Internet overdependence in adults, through the decision tree analysis model, which is a data mining method using National Information Society Agency's raw data from the survey on Internet overdependence in 2016. As a result of the decision tree analysis, a total 16 nodes of Internet overdependence risk groups were identified. The main predicated variables were the amount of time spent per smart media usage in weekdays; amount of time spent per smart media usage in weekends; experiences of purchasing cash items; percentage of using smart media for leisure; negative personality; percentage of using smart media for information search and utilization; and awareness on good functions of the Internet, all of which in order had greater impact on the risk groups. Users in the highest risk node spent the smart media for more than 5 minutes per use and less than 5~10 minutes in weekdays, had experiences of cash item purchase, and had lower level of awareness on the good functions of the Internet. The analysis led to the following recommendations: First, even a short-time use has higher chances of causing Internet overdependence, and therefore, guidelines need to be developed based on research on the usage behavior rather than the usage time. Second, self-regulation is required because factors that affect overindulgence in games, such as the cash items, increase Internet overdependence. Third, using the Internet for leisure causes higher risk of overdependence and therefore, other means of leisure should be recommended.

• Korean Journal of School Psychology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.269-290
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• 2021

This study was conducted to examine the moderated mediation effect of self-esteem through internet overdependence on the effect of academic stress on depression and anxiety. Surveys were conducted as part of the 13th wave of the Korea Welfare Panel Study. The survey included academic stress, internet overdependence, depression and anxiety, and self-esteem scales. A total of 383 middle school students completed surveys. Data was analyzed using SPSS 21.0 and SPSS PROCESS Macro. There were three major results. First, internet overdependence partially mediation the effect of academic stress on depression and anxiety. Second, self-esteem moderated the relationship between internet overdependence and depression and anxiety. Third, self-esteem also moderated the mediating effect of academic stress on depression and anxiety through internet overdependence. These results indicate that self-esteem is a protective factor against the negative effects of internet overdependence on mental health and of academic stress on depression and anxiety in middle school students. This paper discusses the implications of these results, this study's limitations, and suggestions for future studies.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.471-478
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of parental abuse and neglect on adolescents' internet addiction, and to verify the mediating effect of subjective happiness in the relationship between parental abuse and neglects and adolescent internet addiction. To this end, dat from the 16th year of the 2021 Korea Welfare Panel(KWPS) conducted by the Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs were used. In this study, 1st, 2nd and 3rd graders of high school were analyzed, and data from a total of 325 students were analyzed. The analysis utilized SPSS 27.0 and Hayes(2013)'s Macro Process(model 4) to verity correlation analysis and mediating effects between related variables. The results of the analysis are as follows: First, abuse and neglect from parents directly affect adolescents' Internet addiction. Second, it was analyzed that subjective happiness mediated the effect of parental abuse and neglect on adolescents' Internet addiction.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.345-358
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to develop the Internet vulnerability index of adolescents. To do this, we used the original data of long - term follow - up survey for the internet overdependency cause analysis conducted by NIA in 2018, and analyzed the correlation between alternatives of internet vulnerability index and personal psychology by using linear regression analysis. Factor analysis showed that the relationship with the surroundings was indexed by adding 9 items to positive factors such as family acceptance, peer attachment, and teacher favorability. The relationship between the surroundings and self - stigmatization is confirmed, and the relationship between the surroundings and the Internet fragility is predicted to be negatively related, and the digital capacity is also assumed to be negatively correlated with the Internet vulnerability. In order to develop the specific form of the Internet vulnerability index, personal psychology and linear regression analysis were conducted. As a result, positive factors and R value of personal psychology were increased when considering the relationship with the environment and the digital capacity rather than the Internet overdependency model. Based on these implications, we discussed the implications and limitations of this study.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.676-684
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• 2021

This study aims to investigate the relationship between depression, internet addiction, and parenting style. The study also examines the mediating effect of parenting style between depression and internet over-dependency. For these purposes, 375 adolescent, excluding missing values, were finally analyzed from the 13th Korea Welfare Panel Study(KWPS). Correlation analysis, mediationg analysis performed using SPSS(21.0 version). The findings of the study were as follows. First, it was identified that parental participation significantly mediated the relationship between depression and internet over-dependency. Second, it was identified that child abuse significantly mediated the relationship between depression and internet over-dependency. Based on the study results, this research suggested the practice and policy implications to increase depression, especially parental participation, to the adolescent as well as to decrease their child abuse.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.7
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• pp.111-121
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• 2017

Smartphone use has become a part of everyday life, not only for adolescents but also for elderly and older people. Thus, this study explored the effect of demographic variables, the amount of smartphone usage, type of smartphone use and psychosocial variables on smartphone dependence of the elder group. We analyzed the data of 5627 (50s and 60s) of the Internet overdependence survey data of the Korea Information Society Agency in 2016. As a result of hierarchical multiple regression analysis, More frequency of smartphone use of weekday and weekend, and usage time of smartphone of weekday were related to greater smartphone dependence. More smartphone use for information seeking and games were associated with greater smartphone dependence. And, as loneliness and anxiety increased, smartphone dependence increased, while smartphone dependence decreased, as social capital increased. Through this study, it is necessary to understand characteristics related to smartphone dependence of elder and older group, and to use this knowledge to solve their smartphone dependence. Future studies also need to identify the causal relationship between predictors of smartphone dependence in elderly and older people.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.437-448
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• 2011

Even though wide usage of internet makes daily life easier, it drives many social problems. This article reveals that heavy usage of internet affects status of mind and relationships with others, and ends up to the internet addiction. We found the more college students use internet, the more they become internet dependent, problematic in relationships with others and internet addictive. And more, internet dependency provokes internet addiction and problems in relationship with others and problems with others induces internet addiction, too.

• Informatization Policy
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.82-98
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• 2018

Internet overdependence has become a public health concern in Korea. It is well known that family and community level efforts could alleviate possible harms from Internet use. However, little research exists regarding smartphone overdependence. This study examines factors affecting smartphone overdependence and, specifically, help-seeking for smartphone overdependence among Korean adolescents. The study is based on parental mediation theory and uses a help-seeking framework. The results indicate that preventative education provided by school and community increases the levels of awareness of both the possible harms from smartphone use and the option of accessing the mental health service, while it was not effective in preventing smartphone overdependence. Parental mediation was a protective factor for smartphone overdependence but was negatively associated with the intention to use the mental health service. In sum, behavioral problems related to smartphone use require multidimensional preventative efforts from both the family and the community. It is suggested that effective preventive education methods are developed for parents and adolescents.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.62-74
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• 2018

This study was proposed to examine the mediating effect of basic psychological needs on how parenting attitude affect middle school students with over-dependence on smart phone. This study utilized 2017 survey research by National Information Society Agency (NIA), namely a long-term follow-up study of 901 people with over-dependence on internet and smart phone. This study showed two findings. First, over-dependence on smart phone had correlations with basic psychological needs- autonomy(r=-.22, p<.001) and competence(r=-.13, p<.001); with parenting attitude- positive parenting(r=-.21, p<.001) and negative parenting(r=.15, p<.001). Second, both parenting attitude and basic psychological needs had a causal relationship with over-dependence on smart phone. These results can provide a basis to reconsider social awareness on over-dependence on smart phone among middle school students. This study proposed few research directions for further study to prevent over-dependence on smart phone and to educate parents.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.41 no.8
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• pp.97-121
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• 2003

The reciprocal relationship between the interpersonal tie and the internet dependency is focused in the study. Mainly, chi-squire test and ANOVA are used in testing the hypothesized relationship of the internet dependency with the interpersonal tie before and after using internet. The strong relationship with the internet dependency is found in internet's both-directional communicating function such as chatting, game, gambling, etc. The level of internet dependency is high when individual's tie with friends, colleagues, or neighbors is strong; but it is lower when individual's emotional tie with family members is stronger. It is confirmed that excessive usage of internet damages family relationship. Conversely, it is also clear that the emotional support from family members is essential for preventing or enhancing internet dependency. This implies that internet dependency is not an individual problem, but that it should be treated under the consideration of his/her family system.