• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.12
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• pp.986-997
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to verify the cognitive theory of Multimedia learning in a Smart Pad environment. Specifically, the viability of the multimedia principle and individual difference principle was tested for this study. To accomplish this, participants were divided into two groups based on their prior knowledge level (high/low), and members of each group were given one of two Smart Pad based programs, one text-based and the other text and image based. Results indicate that the use of images and the interaction between image use and prior knowledge did not have a significant effect on cognitive load levels. However, there were significant effects on learning achievement. This study implies that when developing Smart Pad based learning content, the small screen size compared to PC monitors, types and functions of images, and learning objectives should be considered.

• Journal of the HCI Society of Korea
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.31-39
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• 2019

This research examined the changes that fast-growing voice-based devices would bring in the media multitasking environment. Based on the theoretical background that information processing efficiency improves when performing multiple tasks requiring different resource structures at the same time, we conducted an experiment where participants searched for information with voice-based or screen-based devices while performing an additional visual task. Results showed that both task performance environment and interface modality had significant main effects on cognitive load. The overall cognitive load level was higher in the voice interface group, but the difference in cognitive load between the two groups decreased in a multitasking environment where the additional visual resources was required. The visual task performance was significantly higher when using the voice interface than the screen interface. Our findings suggest that voice interfaces offered advantages in the cognitive load and task performance by distributing two tasks to the auditory and visual channels. The results of this study imply that voice-based devices have the potential to facilitate efficient information processing in the screen-centric environment where visual resources collide. We provided theoretical evidence of resource distribution using multiple resource theory and tried to identify the advantages of the voice interface more specifically based on the threaded cognition model.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.199-230
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• 2012

This study introduced trust dimension as a mediating variable and analyzed in order to investigate the empirical mechanism on the process of leader's emotional intelligence which is a emotional factor to produce organizational effectiveness. Based on the empirical analysis, first of all, this study found whether the team leader's emotional intelligence gives an influence on the subordinate's trust in leader. Secondly, this study examined the multidimensionality of trust by selecting subordinate's cognition-based trust and affect-based trust on the team leader as mediating variables between team leaders's emotional intelligence and subordinate's affective commitment, organizational citizenship behavior. I found the theoretical implications based on this study; first, from the view on cognition-based and emotion-based trust, the integrated verification of the process of the trust in leader as a mediating role, second, verification of the relationship between leader's emotional intelligence and trust in leader which was not studied before, third, the methodological try to prevent from the common method bias problem through the evaluation of a team leader on a subordinate's organizational citizenship behavior. This study also suggested the ways to apply those theoretical implications to human resource management.

• The Korean Journal of Coaching Psychology
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.57-93
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to verify the effect of the civil servant superior's coaching leadership on the innovation behavior and cooperative behavior of organizational members of public institutions. And it examines the mediating roles of subordinates' cognitive flexibility and belief of the colleague's potential growth in the relationship between coaching leadership and subordinates' innovative and cooperative behaviors. As a result of the study, first, it was confirmed that the coaching leadership of civil servant superior had a significant positive effect on the innovative and cooperative behaviors of subordinates. Second, it was verified that the superior's coaching leadership had a positive effect on the cognitive flexibility of subordinates and the belief of the colleague's potential growth. Third, it was confirmed that cognitive flexibility mediates between the superior's coaching leadership and innovative behavior. Fourth, it was not significant that the belief of the colleague's growth potential mediates between the superior's coaching leadership and cooperative behavior.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.89-114
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• 2012

The purposes of this research are to examine the effect of humor sense of leader on innovative behavior and to examine the moderating effects of empowerment on the relationship between humor sense of leader and innovative behavior. For these purposes, literature review and survey research were conducted. The 350 questionnaires were sent to the 10 manufactural firms in the Pusan and Kyungsang Nam-Do region for empirical analysis. Total 276 usable responses were collected(effective response rate : 78.86%). The major findings of the empirical research are as follows ; First, generation of humor, use of humor, attitude of humor and evaluation of humor which are composed factors of humor sense of leader have positive influence innovative behavior. Second, composed factors of humor sense of leader have differential influence on innovative behavior by empowerment. In conclusion, humor sense of leader is expected to improve innovative behavior which is individual behavior in an organization. Therefore, managers have to develop innovative behavior by exhibiting humor sense, considering empowerment.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.43-54
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• 2018

The aim of this study is to determine the effect of motion sickness on pupil rhythm. Sixteen volunteers of both genders (8 male, 8 female, mean age $25.67{\pm}2.43$ years) experienced VR contents in both 2D and HMD versions for 15 minutes, and their pupillary rhythms were compared. The irregular pattern of the pupillary rhythms, as demonstrated by increasing mean pupil diameter (mPD) and standard deviation of the pupil diameter (sPD), revealed motion sickness after experiencing HMD condition. The pupillary response is strongly related to the cognitive load, and the motion sickness can be interpreted as a change in the cognitive load caused by the increasing volume of visual information that must be processed and the conflict or inconsistency between different sensory modalities. The method proposed in this study could be a non-contact measurement method for the monitoring of motion sickness using a web-camera rather than previous sensor-based methods.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.02a
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• pp.372-375
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• 2008

Drivers need to process dynamic stimulus in real - time with full attention from Telematics environment. However, as the information technology revolution brings more and more data into vehicles, all of it competing for the drivers' attention, the development of automated assistance for driver information processing becomes increasingly import ant. There for e, drivers' workload is very essential factor for safety driving in Telematics environment. In this paper, we have discussed driver distraction caused by driver conversation while driving and proposed voice activity detection algorithm for measuring driver workload. Finally, we show how voice activity detection system works for measuring driver workload.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.429-435
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• 2020

Different methods are used for determining the output of engines to obtain the indicated horsepower by measuring the combustion pressure of cylinders, and to obtain the shaft horsepower by measuring the shaft torque. It is difficult to examine the shaft torque using the condition of the cylinder, and the most accurate method used for determining the combustion pressure involves examining the combustion state of the cylinder to evaluate the engine performance and analyze the combustion of the cylinder. During the measurement, the combustion pressure is the most important parameter used for accurately determining the cylinder angle because the cylinder pressure is indicated based on the angle of the crankshaft. In this study, an encoder was used as the crank angle sensor to measure the cylinder pressure on the generator engine of the actual operating ship. The reasons for the differences between the top dead center (TDC) recognized by the encoder (TDC_encoder) and the TDC recognized by the compression pressure (TDC_comp) were considered. The dif erences between the TDC_comp and TDC_encoder of the cylinders measured at idle running, 25 %, 50 %, and 60 % loads were analyzed to determine for the crankshaft production effect, the crankshaft torsion effect owing to the increased rotational resistance from the increased load, and the coupling damping effect between the engine and generator. It was confirmed that the TDC error occurred up to 3° crank angle as the load of the generator increased.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.1-22
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• 2022

Lavie's perceptual load theory (Lavie, 1995) proposes that the influence of distractors would be blocked as the load gets higher. Studies of perceptual load have usually adopted the flanker task, developed by Eriksen and Eriksen (1974), which measures reaction time on the target flanked by distractors. In the post-cueing forced task, participants should report the identity of the target cued later, and negative repetition effect (NRE) has often been observed. NRE means the effect that the accuracy of identification is worse when the target is flanked by the same nontargets than when flanked by different nontargets. This study has tried to check whether perceptual load has an effect on identification rate and NRE. Experiment 1 manipulated the similarity between targets and a distractor, and observed a tendency of NRE, but not the effect of perceptual load. Experiment 2 used 4, 2 (in two kinds of diagonal arrangement), or none distractors of the same identity to burden more perceptual load. NRE was significant and perceptual load showed significance but not a linear trend. Experiment 3 checked again whether NRE would be varied according to two levels of perceptual load strengthened by positional variability of load stimuli, but did not find the effect of perceptual load. It is concluded that perceptual load might have a limited effect on the early stage of perceptual processing due to divided attentional processing of the targets briefly exposed. Implications of this study were discussed.

• KIISE Transactions on Computing Practices
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.379-386
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• 2015

We propose a novel user-perceived performance optimization framework for the Android platform that takes advantage of the user-centric response time analysis. To this end, we propose a new definition of response time, which we call the user-centric response time, as a metric for the quality of user-perceived performance of the smartphone application. In this paper, we describe the design and implementation of an on-line user-centric response time analyzer for Android-based smartphones, which provides smartphone application developers with valuable insight for user-perceived performance optimization. We implemented the user-centric response time analyzer on the Android platform, version 4.0.4 (ICS) running on a Galaxy Nexus smartphone. From our experimental results, the proposed user-centric response time analyzer accurately estimates user-centric response times with an accuracy of 92.0% compared to manually measured times with less than 1% performance penalty. In order to evaluate the efficiency of the proposed framework, we were able to reduce the user-centric response time of the target application by up to 16.4% based on the evaluation results by the proposed framework.