• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.36-41
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• 2010

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of fermented ginseng extract by mushroom mycelia on antiproliferation of cancer cells. Phellinus linteus, Ganoderma lucidum, and Hericium erinaceum mycelia were inoculated to ginseng. The effects of fermented ginseng extract on antiproliferation of stomach (MKN-45), colon (HCT116), mammary (MCF-7), lung (NCIH460), prostate (PC-3), and liver (HepG2) cancer cells were investigated by MTT assay. Fermented ginseng extract showed significant antiproliferation effects compared with fresh ginseng extract. Fermented ginseng extract by P. linteus, G. lucidum, and H. erinaceum mycelia showed growth-inhibitory effect of 44.50, 17.75 and 43.98% viability at 1.5 mg/mL on the MKN-45 cell line, 62.86, 3.73, and 54.55% at 1.5 mg/mL on the HCT116 cell line, 41.81, 7.01, and 37.84% at 1.5 mg/mL on the MCF-7 cell line, 53.52, 5.31, and 35.27% at 1.5 mg/mL on the NCIH460 cell line, 35.05, 3.07, and 44.29% at 1.5 mg/mL on the PC-3 cell line, and 59.57, 6.34, and 4.97% at 1.5 mg/mL on the HepG2 cell line, respectively. These results indicated that fermented ginseng by G. lucidum mycelium showed the highest antiproliferation effect against various cancer cells.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.67-71
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• 1995

For the quality management of ginseng root extracts and their products, the effective constituents contents, physical properties (pH, turbidity, viscosity, optical density) and color intenties of the extracts from white ginseng roots of different cultivating years. The sugar contents, lightness and yellow intensity of extracts from white ginseng roots increased with increased their cultivating years. The crude ash contents turbidity and optical density of extracts from white ginseng roots decreased with increased their cultivating years. Therefore, the extracts from white ginseng root of 5 or 6 cultivated years showed higher quality than the extracts from ginseng root of 4 cultivated years.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Applied Microbiology Conference
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• 1975.12a
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• pp.181.5-182
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• 1975

인삼의 성분 및 약이학적 연구에 관하여 많은 보고가 있으나 인삼성분이 미생물의 생육에 미치는 영향에 관하여는 거의 보고되어 있지 않다. 본 실험에서는 인삼추출물이 유산균, 효모의 생육에 미치는 영향을 검토한 결과 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다.(중략)

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.64 no.4
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• pp.407-411
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• 2021

In vitro antioxidant potential of 30% (v/v) ethanolic extracts from Panax ginseng and Panax notoginseng roots was investigated. The polyphenol contents of Panax ginseng and Panax notoginseng extracts were 10.3±0.3 and 10.4±0.4 mg/g-extract, respectively. The extracts of Panax ginseng and Panax notoginseng possessed an antioxidant potential in a concentration-dependent manner. EC₅₀ values of Panax ginseng and Panax notoginseng extracts for cation radical, reducing power, and nitrite were 4.76±0.12 and 6.24±0.14 mg/mL, 1.99±0.01 and 3.13±0.05 mg/mL, and 4.78±0.31 and 3.52±0.10 mg/mL, respectively.

• Proceedings of the Ginseng society Conference
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• 1984.09a
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• pp.133-140
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• 1984

인체가 방사선에 의해 손상을 받게 되면, 실제적으로 치료, 회복시킨 수 있는 물질은 아직 발견되지 않았다. 이에 저자는 720R의 X-선을 조사시킨 mice에 Oura 등의 방법에 따라 부분 정제한 인삼 추출물을 투여하여 X-선 손상으로부터의 회복능을 검정하였다. 주사한 인삼 추출물의 용량에 의존적으로 30일간의 생존율이 증가하였다. Saline을 주사한 대조군과 인삼 추출물을 주사한 실험군 사이의 생존율의 차이는, 동물 한 마리당 1.8mg을 투여한 실험에서 조차 통계학적으로 유의성을 보였다. (P<0.001) 550R의 X-선을 조사시킨 mice에 인삼 추출물을 투여하면 적혈구와 혈소판의 양적 회복이 촉진되었다. 또한 인삼 추출물중 열에 안정한 분획이 비장이 비대하여지는 것과 같은 부작용이 없어 방사선의 손상으로부터 보호 효과가 있음을 알았다. 이 분획은 mice뿐만 아니라, 반치사량의 X-선을 조사한 rat, guinea pig와 같은 실험동물에 있어서도 30일간의 생존율이 더 연장되므로서 현저한 효과를 보였다. 혈액상태 특히 혈소판의 양적 회복은 열에 안정한 이 분획에 의해서도 촉진되었다. 열에 안정한 분획을 투여한 mice에 있어서 X-선 조사에 의한 출혈이 방지되는데, 이를 매일 매일의 변에서 잠재혈액을 측정함으로써 정량적으로 관찰하였다. 결론적으로, 인삼 투여로 방사선에 의한 치사율이 감소되는데 이의 기전은 혈소판 생성을 촉진시키며, X-선에 의한 출혈을 감소시키기 때문이다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.341-346
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• 2008

In the present study, we assessed the effects of white ginseng and red ginseng extract on the learning and memory impairments induced by scopolamine. The cognition-enhancing effect of ginseng extracts was investigated using the Morris water maze and Y-maze test. Drug-induced amnesia was induced by treating animals with scopolamine (2 mg/kg, i.p.), an antagonist of muscarinic acetylcholine (ACh) receptor. Tacrine was used a positive control. Ginseng extract (200 mg/kg, p.o.), tacrine (10 mg/kg, p.o.) administration significantly reduced the escape latency during training in the Morris water maze (p<0.05). At the probe trial session, scopolamine significantly increased the escape latency on day 5 in comparison with control (p<0.01). The effect of ginseng extracts on spontaneous alternation in Y-maze was similar to that of scopolamine treated group. In addition, numbers of arm entries were similar in all experimental groups. Moreover, red ginseng extract significantly inhibited acetylcholinesterase activity in the cortex and serum (p<0.05). Brain ACh contents of ginseng extract treated groups increased more than that of scopolamine group, which did not show statistically significant. These results suggest that ginseng extract may be useful for the treatment of cognitive impairment.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.75-81
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• 2011

The effect of lactic acid bacteria.fermented ginseng berry extract (FGBE) on physiological activities was evaluated. The contents of ginsenosides Re, Rc, and Rb1 in ginseng berry extract (GBE) were increased after fermentation by lactic acid bacteria when analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography. Antioxidant activity of GBE and FGBE was also analyzed by DPPH radical scavenging activity assay and SOD.like activity assay. FGBE showed a 86.34 % inhibition of DPPH radical and a 76.82 % inhibition by SOD.like activity at a concentration of 1.00 %. GBE showed a 49.78 % inhibition of DPPH radical and a 40.80 % inhibition by SOD.like activity at the same concentration. Furthermore, procollagen type I (COL1A1) gene expression increased by 823.13 % and matrix metal-loproteinase(MMP)-1 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-${\alpha}$ gene expression decreased by 87.88 % and 99.92 %, respectively, in human fibroblast cultured with FGBE at a concentration of 0.50 %. These results suggest that FGBE could be used as an active ingredient for functional cosmetics.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.268-273
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• 1998

The present study has been undertaken to investigate the effects of ginseng extract on the activities of several enzymes in serum of rats fed lard and alcohol. Thirty-five males of Sprague-Dawley strains weighed about 130 g were divided into 7 groups, each group receiving a different diet for 10 weeks; i.e. basal diet plus 15% lard, basal diet plus 5% alcohol, basal diet plus 5% ginseng extract, basal diet plus 15% lard and 5% ginseng extract. Determinations were carried out on the net weight gain, food efficiency ratio, weight of organs, and AST, ALT, lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase activities in serum of rats. The results obtained were as follows:Rats given feed containing lard and alcohol showed significant decrease in net weight gain, but ginseng extract caused an increase in food efficiency ratio. Lard supplementation caused an increase in the weight of liver, kidney, spleen, but another groups did not. AST, ALT, ALP, LDH of serum were significantly increased in lard and alcohol containing group but ginseng extract feeding decreased enzyme activities compared to lard and alcohol containing group. The above results suggest that ginseng extract would prevent the metabolic disease of liver by preventing hyperlipemia caused by high fat diet.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.57 no.3
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• pp.247-250
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• 2014

A lipid-soluble extract in ginseng marc was prepared by n-hexane extraction to evaluate its antioxidant and anticancer potential. A hexane extract of ginseng marc (HEGM) possessed a 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl free radical scavenging activity which was related to the amount of total phenolics. Also, HEGM showed a potent inhibitory activity on human non-small cell lung cancer (A549, $GI_{50}=34.0{\mu}g/mL$) and colon cancer (SNU-C4, $GI_{50}=45.2{\mu}g/mL$) cells proliferation in vitro in a concentration-dependent manner as did the hexane extract of ginseng with $GI_{50}$ values of $20.0{\mu}g/mL$ in A549 and $37.0{\mu}g/mL$ in SNU-C4. These results imply that HEGM can be utilized as an antioxidant and anticancer substance.

• Proceedings of the Ginseng society Conference
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• 1988.08a
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• pp.108-114
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• 1988

One of the major effects of Panax ginseng the best known traditional medicine in the Far East. is the enhancement of host resistance against infections. which could depend on an influence from the immune system. The studies presented have been carried out with extracts from Korean ginseng roots which were examined for immunological activity in vitro and in vivo. The results obtained in a double-blind clinical study with humans confirmed results obtained in vitro with human granulocytes and in vivo with mice. The ginseng extracts showed a significant stimulatory action on the immune response.