• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• 제33권7호
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• pp.1273-1284
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to analyze the examples represented in school science textbooks by the function types for students' scientific conceptions. According to the framework of analysis, we selected lacking examples in the textbooks, and developed a questionnaire for students. The questionnaire was applied to 157 third grade students to survey their conceptions related to matter states and change of states. The ratio of students' scientific conceptions related to solid the state was high because distinct examples were represented in the textbook. However, the ratios of students' scientific conceptions related to the liquid and gas states were low because there were no distinct examples in the science textbook. Contrast examples and expansive examples of liquid and gas such as fog and steam need to be represented in science textbooks in order to help students construct scientific conceptions of matter states and change of states.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• 제17권10호
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• pp.357-366
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• 2016

This study analyzed the strengths and weaknesses for enneagram types 3, 6 and 9, which are the center types among the different centers of intelligence, in order to provide college students with meaningful knowledge that can improve their self-understanding. To conduct this study, thematic analysis was used to discover the strength and weakness keywords using NodeXL and contents analysis was used for the case analysis of types 3, 6, and 9. The results showed that the strengths were objectiveness and confidence for type 3, responsibility and premeditation for type 6 and pacifism and consideration for type 9. The weaknesses were self-consciousness and consequentialism for type 3, indecision and worry for type 6, and evading conflict and laziness for type 9. The results obtained by contents analysis showed that type 3 was goal-oriented and placed value on gaining the recognition of other people, type 6 had a sense of responsibility and was well prepared beforehand, and type 9 was considerate of others's feelings and evaded conflicts. This can help college students to better understand themselves.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• 통권25호
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• pp.203-225
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• 2011

This study investigated hypothesized relationships between three personality traits, as defined by PEN model (Psychoticism, Extraversion and Neuroticism), and individual media dependency. The basic idea of the study was that individuals' goals are related to active media use, and the goals will be different based on differences in individuals' personality types. In addition, this study attempted to find whether there are gender difference in constructing media dependency relations with the media. The study was conducted online and the total number of participants was 337 (158 male and 179 female). Correlation analyses indicated no relationship between the extraversion and any of the IMD media use categories. Lower levels of psychoticism were related to a greater likelihood of utilizing the media in an effort to obtain self understanding and having fun more than higher levels of psychoticism. Individuals with higher levels of neuroticism were significantly more likely to depend on the media for achieving self understanding than those with lower levels of neuroticism. When the variable of participant gender was controlled for, there were different patterns of the relationships between personality types and IMD goals. This study showed that to varying degrees certain personality types are related to the goals individuals seek to fulfill with the media use. The implications of the study were discussed.

• Review of KIISC
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.60-69
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• 2007

DRM은 단순 보안 기술이 아니라 디지털 콘텐츠의 불법 유통과 복제 방지 및 불법 사용자의 콘텐츠 사용 차단, 지불, 결제 등이 결합한 과금 서비스 등이 결합된 보다 포괄적인 개념의 기술입니다. DRM을 적응하는데 있어서, 온라인 콘텐츠 저작자, 포털이나 이동통신사 등의 저작인접권자, 콘텐츠 소비자, MP3 플래이어나 PMP 등의 재생기기 제작자, 심지어 DRM 솔루션 개발회사 등 많은 이해 관계자들의 이해관계가 얽히게 되며, 따라서 DRM 현황을 이해하고 이슈들을 다루기 위해서는 현재의 비즈니스적인 현황과 기술적인 현황을 함께 고려할 필요성이 있습니다. 또한, 특정 유형의 콘텐츠, 예를 들어 온라인 음악 mp3 파일에 적용된 DRM 현황을 이해하는데 있어서, 다른 콘텐츠에서는 볼 수 없는 해당 콘텐츠 만의 시장 상황과 기술적인 요소들을 좀 더 세부적으로 다룰 필요성이 있습니다. 본 논문에서는 '온라인 음악 콘텐츠 DRM의 비호환'이라는 한정된 주제를 가지고 이에 대한 시장 현황, DRM 적용 현황 및 문제점, 기술 접근 유형 등에 대한 분석을 종합적으로 다루고자 합니다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 한국정보과학회 1999년도 가을 학술발표논문집 Vol.26 No.2 (2)
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• pp.443-445
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• 1999

여러 가지 유형의 서식 문서를 자동으로 처리하려면 서식을 이해하는데 필요한 항목 영상을 추출하기에 앞서 서식을 분류(classification)해야 한다. 서식을 분류함에 있어서 서식 영상 전체를 다룰 경우 상당한 시간이 걸릴 수 있다. 왜냐하면 일반적으로 서식 문서 영상의 크기는 일반 문자 영상에 비해 상당히 클 뿐만 아니라 대상 서식 문서의 유형도 많아질 수 있기 때문이다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위한 방법으로서 DP 매칭에 의한 부분 매칭 방법을 제안하고자 한다. 실험 결과, 제안하는 방법은 서식 문서의 전체가 아닌 일부 영역만을 비교함으로써 인식 시간과 인식률 면에서 서식 문서를 효과적으로 처리할 수 있었다.

• 한국지구과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지구과학회 2006년도 춘계학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.94-99
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• 2006

본 연구에서는 고등학교 지구과학 교과서 분석을 통해 지구과학 그래프의 주요 유형과 특징을 파악하고 지구과학 그래프 관련 검사지를 제작, 투입하여 고등학생들의 지구과학 그래프 해석 능력과 인식을 분석하였다. 지구과학 그래프는 타 과학 과목에 비해 그래프의 수가 많고 그 유형이 다양했다. 특히, 선 그래프와 등치선도가 많았으며, 선 그래프 중에는 다중 선 그래프와 YX 그래프 등의 비율이 높았다. 고등학교 2, 3학년생 111명을 대상으로 한 검사지 1단계에서는 '마그마의 생성 조건', '지구 자기장의 영년 변화', '과냉각 물방울과 빙정의 포화 수증기압', 'H-R도' 등에 관한 문항의 정답률이 특히 낮았다. 검사지 2단계에서는 약 $56\%$의 학생들이 지구과학 그래프의 유형이 타 과학 및 수학 과목의 그래프와 차이가 있다고 응답했다. 검사지 3단계에서는 동일한 내용이라 하더라도 그래프의 형식이나 구체적인 표현 방법에서 학생들의 이해를 높일 수 있는 방안에 대한 고민이 필요함을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구에서 학생들은 '그래프의 유형'에 대한 이해가 다소 부족하고 자신에게 익숙한 그래프를 쉽다고 생각하는 경향을 보였다. 따라서, 과학 교육자나 과학 교육과정 설계자들은 학생들에게 그래프 연습의 기회를 많이 부여하고, '그래프' 자체에 관한 교육은 물론 지구과학의 학문적 특성과 관련지어 '그래프의 유형'에 관해 체계적인 교육을 해야 할 필요가 있다.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제54권2호
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• pp.248-256
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• 2010

This study investigated the effects of the level of enrichment for analogies upon students' mapping, conceptual understanding, and the types of mapping errors in concept learning about Boyle's Law. Analogical reasoning ability test was administered and the score was used as a blocking variable. Three types (simple, enriched, and extended analogies) of learning materials according to the level of enrichment for analogies were studied by randomly assigned middle school students, and a conceptions test and a mapping test were administered immediately. The retention tests of both were administered four weeks later. Analyses of the results revealed that there was no main effect in the level of enrichment for analogies, but there was interaction effect with analogical reasoning ability in the post test on mapping. And the score of enriched analogy group was significantly higher than those of simple analogy group, but the score differences among three groups were not significant in the retention test on conceptual understanding. The frequency of the total mapping errors in the simple analogy group was the highest, and the frequencies of most types of mapping errors in the enriched and the extended analogy groups were less than those in the simple analogy group. There were also some differences in the frequencies of mapping errors with respect to the level of analogical reasoning ability. Therefore, these results will help science teachers plan and practice instructions using analogy.

• Journal of Communication Design
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• 제38권
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• pp.312-320
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• 2012

IPhone users who prefer to study the sensitivity of the subjective aspects of experience design elements, aiming to clarify and subjectivity, Q methodology for the study were able to detect four types through. The first type of usability on the iPhone to pursue the type of individuals who have sufficient understanding of sayongjeok behavior based on the use of features, ease of understanding, the physical sense, usability is important to all who were able to see that consist of: The second types of aesthetics to pursue the type of visual information of the product by the intuitive and subjective aesthetic impression was important to distinguish your type. The third types of discrimination to pursue the type of emotional self-image or self-owned products, to convey a message to anyone seriously here, and the fourth type is the type of active and absolute preference for the iPhone that has been identified as the type of .

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.21-39
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• 2005

This paper focused on exploratory testing the organizational management area by examining conceptualized relationships between e-commerce usage type and organizational structure. The research model consists of three e-commerce usage type such as buy-side, internal, sell-side activities and four organizational structure dimensions like decentralization, specialization, formalization, and administration intensity. An interview and an e-mail survey of managers were used to obtain information on the variables relevant to e-commerce activities and organizational structure. The data resulted in response from 58 companies. Major findings of this research are summarized as follows: buyer related e-commerce activities is positively relate to the administrative intensity and the specialization, internal process is positively relate to the formalization, while customer related e-commerce is directly relate to the decentralization and the specialization in terms of organizational management.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.373-381
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• 2024

We confirmed that the children affected by child abuse, which has recently become an issue in the counseling field, were the highest in the ages of 10-17, and the number of occurrences by parents was the highest. We tried to understand the hardships of parents with adolescent children while conducting counseling and parental education to understand the difficulties of parenting experiences that play an important role in growing children. Therefore, this study attempted to analyze the subjective perception types and characteristics of each type of parenting experience of parents with adolescent children using the Q methodology. After forming a Q population and extracting the 33-question statement of the Q sample, the P sample was classified into the Q sample of 35 parents with adolescent children, and the perception type analysis was conducted with the QUANL program. As a result of our study, it was found that Type 1 was the unconditional love and understanding type, which was recognized as a process of endless understanding of children, Type 2 was the "reflection and change type," which recognizes empathy with children, communication, and parental reflection and change, Type 3 was the "learning and psychological independence assistance type," which recognizes that children should be psychologically independent and grow, and Type 4 was the "regret and identity confusion type," which recognizes regret about raising children in childhood and identity confusion as parents. Our study is meaningful in that it classified the subjective perception structure of parenting experiences perceived by parents with adolescent children by type. It is expected that this subjectivity study on parenting experiences will be used as basic data for parental education and parental counseling to raise adolescent children.