• Journal of Life Science
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.131-140
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• 2004

T7 bacteriophage gp4 is the replicative DNA helicase that unwinds double-stranded DNA by utilizing dTTP hydrolysis energy. The quaternary structure of the active form of T7 helicase is a hexameric ring with a central channel. Single-stranded DNA passes through the central channel of the hexameric ring as the helicase translocates $5'\rightarrow3'$ along the single-stranded DNA. The DNA unwinding was measured by rapid kinetic methods and showed a lag before the single-stranded DNA started to accumulate exponentially. This behavior was analyzed by a kinetic stepping model for the unwinding process. The observed lag phase increased as predicted by the model with increasing double-stranded DNA length. Trap DNA added in the reaction had no effect on the amplitudes of double-stranded DNA unwound, indicating that the $\tau7$ helicase is a highly processive helicase. Global fitting of the kinetic data to the stepping model provided a kinetic step size of 10-11 bp/step with a rate of $3.7 s^{-1}$ per step. Both the mechanism of DNA unwinding and dTTP hydrolysis and the coupling between the two are unaffected by temperature from $4∼37^{\circ}C$. Thus, the kinetic stepping for dsDNA unwinding is an inherent property of tile replicative DNA helicase.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2011.10a
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• pp.327-330
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• 2011

살아있는 생명체는 세포로 구성되며 성장 분열을 통해 스스로 복제할 수 있는 능력을 지녔다. DNA 상의 변이, 즉 돌연변이는 자손의 생존과 번식에 불리하게 작용할 수 있고 이점을 줄 수 있는 양면성을 지녔다. 본 연구에서는 DNA 이중나선은 복제 주형으로 사용되기 위해서는 먼저 이중나선이 열리고 단일 가닥으로 분리되어야 한다. 이중 나선구조결합에서의 결합의 오류부분의 위치를 찾아내고 복구하는 방법을 제시한다.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.15 no.11
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• pp.2500-2504
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• 2011

Living organisms are composed of cells that can replicate themselves through growth, division packed with tons capacity. On DNA mutations, ie mutations in the offspring's survival and reproduction can be held against you, and packed with tons ambivalence that could benefit. In this study, the DNA double helix is used as a template for replication, we first separated into single strands of the double helix must be opened Combining the double helix portion of the location of errors in the bond provides a way to find and repair.

• Composites Research
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.340-346
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• 2018

This paper addresses the stress analysis and design of composite double lead spiral which is boarded in 20mm universal ammunition drum by finite element method. The spiral system is very important to transfer the ammunition in stable and reliable manners for aircraft. Some verifications are done to check the possibility of composite application in spiral system. The design variables, stacking sequence and fiber orientation angles, are investigated for reliable design for practical design. The Tsai-Wu failure theory is applied to see the safety of the spiral structure. The design result is suggested to manufacture the double lead spiral part.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.37 no.10
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• pp.17-24
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• 2000

An area efficient and symmetric dual-level spiral inductor structure is proposed and evaluated in comparison with the conventional single-level spiral inductors. Contrary to the dual-level inductor mutual coupling coefficient of the upper-and lower-level inductors of the dual-level inductor increases with the increases in the number of turns. Because of this, for the same silicon area, the inductances of the dual-level incuctors are 2.5-4 times higher than that of the single-level inductor. Furthermore, the dual-level showed better quality factor that the single-level inductors for the same inductance. It is the intention of this paper to demonstrate that the dual-level can be more useful for the RF integrated circuits than the conventional single-level spiral inductors form the aspects of area efficiency and quality factor. The proposed dual-level inductors are designed and confirmed to be perfectly symmetric, and can also be used as a high-frequency choke.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.10-18
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• 2010

This paper presents a optimization of sigmoid activation function parameter using genetic algorithms and pattern recognition analysis in input space of two spirals benchmark problem. To experiment, cascade correlation learning algorithm is used. In the first experiment, normal sigmoid activation function is used to analyze the pattern classification in input space of the two spirals problem. In the second experiment, sigmoid activation functions using different fixed values of the parameters are composed of 8 pools. In the third experiment, displacement of the sigmoid function to determine the value of the three parameters is obtained using genetic algorithms. The parameter values applied to the sigmoid activation functions for candidate neurons are used. To evaluate the performance of these algorithms, each step of the training input pattern classification shows the shape of the two spirals.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.347-354
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• 2012

The recovery force and displacement occur due to the phase transformation from the martensite phase to the austenite phase induced by the mechanical loading or thermal loading. These recovery force and displacement depend on an initial geometrical configuration of SMAs and loading conditions. Although the SMAs generally generates large recovery forces, the sufficient recovery displacement cannot be expected without a proper design strategy. The functionality of SMAs is limited due to the unbalance between the large recovery force and the small recovery displacement. This study suggests the double coil SMA spring in order to amplifying the recovery displacement induced by the phase transformation. By predicting the recovery displacement of doble coil SMA springs and one coil SMA springs induced by thermal loading, we show that the double coil SMA spring not only mitigate the unbalance of performance but also have a large recovery displacement for its recovery force than one coil SMA spring.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.670-679
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• 1986

본 논문은 내관 외벽에 나선형 인공조도가 있는 동심 이중관 사이의 유동특성 을 관찰하기 위해 일정 나선각에 대하여 피치비를 변화시키면서 선회속도, 축방향속도 압력을 측정하였으며, Han등의 연구에서 발표된 조도함수를 도입하여 유한차분법으로 수치계산을 수행하였다.

• 보건세계
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• v.40 no.7 s.443
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• pp.20-23
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• 1993

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.229-233
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• 2016

In this paper, we present the four genetic nitrogenous bases of C, U(T), A, G to matrices and describe the structures from $4{\times}4$ RNA(ribose nucleic acid) to $8{\times}8$ DNA((deoxyribose nucleic acid) matrices. we analysis a deoxyribose nucleic acid (DNA) double helix based on the block circulant Hadamard-Jacket matrix (BCHJM). The orthogonal BCHJM is anti-symmetric pair complementary of the core DNA. The block circulant ribonucleic acid (RNA) repair damage reliability is better than the conventional double helix. In case of k=4 and N=1, the reliability of block circulant complementarity is 93.75%, and in case of k=4 and N=4, it is 98.44%. Therefore it improves 4.69% than conventional case of double helix.