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http://dx.doi.org/10.5352/JLS.2004.14.1.131

Kinetic Measurement of the Step Size of DNA Unwinding by Bacteriophage T7 DNA Helicase gp4  

Kim, Dong-Eun (Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Dong-Eui University)
Publication Information
Journal of Life Science / v.14, no.1, 2004 , pp. 131-140 More about this Journal
Abstract
T7 bacteriophage gp4 is the replicative DNA helicase that unwinds double-stranded DNA by utilizing dTTP hydrolysis energy. The quaternary structure of the active form of T7 helicase is a hexameric ring with a central channel. Single-stranded DNA passes through the central channel of the hexameric ring as the helicase translocates $5 along the single-stranded DNA. The DNA unwinding was measured by rapid kinetic methods and showed a lag before the single-stranded DNA started to accumulate exponentially. This behavior was analyzed by a kinetic stepping model for the unwinding process. The observed lag phase increased as predicted by the model with increasing double-stranded DNA length. Trap DNA added in the reaction had no effect on the amplitudes of double-stranded DNA unwound, indicating that the $\tau7$ helicase is a highly processive helicase. Global fitting of the kinetic data to the stepping model provided a kinetic step size of 10-11 bp/step with a rate of $3.7 s^{-1}$ per step. Both the mechanism of DNA unwinding and dTTP hydrolysis and the coupling between the two are unaffected by temperature from $4∼37^{\circ}C$. Thus, the kinetic stepping for dsDNA unwinding is an inherent property of tile replicative DNA helicase.
Keywords
DNA helicase; Hexameric ring; Rapid kinetics; Global fitting; Stepping model;
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