• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.62-67
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• 2006

Purpose: This study was to examine the applied effect of auricular acupressure therapy on insomnia for Korean elderly. Methods: Design was one group pretest-posttest measure study. Subjects were total 28 elderly with 65 years old and over in appropriate criteria. Experimental treatment was a auricular acupressure therapy during 3 days/a term, and this was applied on 4 series. Measures were sleep measurement (Cronbach's ${\alpha}$= .72) developed by Oh et al.(1998) and self satisfaction measurement on sleep (visual analogy scale) developed by authors. Data were collected from March 2005 to February 2006, and analyzed by SPSS PC+ 12 according to the aims of this study. Results: 1. After receiving the auricular acupressure therapy with 4 series, sleep scores were significantly increased (t=-40.600, p=.000). 2. After receiving the auricular acupressure therapy with 4 series, self satisfaction scores on sleep were significantly increased (t=-54.645, p=.000). Conclusions: Auricular acupressure therapy can be a better nursing intervention to decrease insomnia of elderly. Auricular acupressure therapy will be able to improve ultimately the quality of life for Korean elderly.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.103-109
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of auricular acupressure therapy on back pain and lower abdominal pain in female undergraduate students during menstruation. Methods: The study used a quasi-experimental design. Data was collected from March 15th to June 31st, 2011. The participants were 20 female university students for the experimental group, and 22 female university students for the control group. visual analogue scale (VAS) with the opening records was used to assess back pain and lower abdominal pain. Data was analyzed using the ${\chi}^2$-test, Fisher's exact test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Wilcoxon signed rank test using the SPSS/WIN 11.0 program. Results: There were statistically significant differences in back pain and lower abdominal pain between the two groups. Auricular acupressure therapy decreased back pain and lower abdominal pain in the experimental group compared to the control group. Conclusion: The study results show that auricular acupressure therapy is effective in improving back pain and lower abdominal pain in female university students during menstruation. Therefore, auricular acupressure therapy can be considered a useful nursing intervention to promote improvements in back pain and lower abdominal pain related to menstruation.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.133-142
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine and evaluate the effects of auricular acupressure on musculoskeletal pain, depression and sleep of the elderly who are institutionalized in long-term care facilities. Methods: The research was conducted in a non-equivalent control group and non-synchronized design with data collected from October to December, 2016. The subjects were from long-term care facilities for the elderly in D city and divided into an experimental group (24 subjects) and a control group (25 subjects). Results: After the intervention, the experimental group showed significant improvement in degree of musculoskeletal pain on time ($x^2=23.89$, p<.001) and degree of depression on time and group ($x^2=37.42$, p<.001, U=122.0, p<001) and degree of sleep on time ($x^2=33.62$, p<.001). Thus, the suggested hypothesis is partially supported. Conclusion: Auricular acupressure therapy is expected to be a practical and efficient nursing intervention for the elderly institutionalized in long-term care facilities.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.197-209
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• 2018

Purpose: To examine the effects of auricular acupressure on symptoms of patients with allergic rhinitis and their quality of life. Methods: A quasi experimental was used with a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest method involving 56 adult outpatients who were seen in the Allergy & Asthma clinic at a tertiary referral hospital in Seoul, Korea. The experimental group (n=28) received 2 weeks of auricular acupressure to the Shenmen, wind stream, endocrine, adrenal, and lung acupuncture points; no acupressure was provided to the control group (n=28). Outcome measures included Total Nasal Symptom Score used to assess nasal symptoms, and the Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire to assess the quality of life. Repeated measure ANOVA and independent t-test were used to calculate statistical significance. Results: The experimental group showed significant improvements in terms of allergic rhinitis symptoms (p<.001) and on the Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (p<.001) compared to the control group. Conclusion: Finding in this study indicate that auricular acupressure can be used as a nursing intervention to alleviate nasal symptoms and improve rhinoconjuctivitis quality of life in allergic rhinitis patients.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.447-458
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of auricular acupressure therapy on sleep disorder and fatigue in menopausal women. Methods: The study design was a non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design. The participants were 40~60 years old women, assigned to the experimental group (n=25) or the control group (n=27). Auricular acupressure using vaccaria seeds was administered to the experimental group. The sessions continued for 6 weeks. Outcome measures included Pittsburgh sleep quality index, sleep meter, sleep diary, fatigue assessment instrument, serum cortisol, and serum serotonin. Results: Menopausal women in the experimental group showed significant increases in deep sleep, light sleep, serotonin level and sleep duration compared with the control group. Also, the experimental group reported decreases in PSQI, sleep latency, awakening time, fatigue and cortisol level compared with the control group. Conclusion: Results show that auricular acupressure using vaccaria seeds is considered as an effective treatment for sleep disorder and fatigue in menopausal women. We conclude that it can be used as a nursing intervention method proven to reduce sleep disorder and fatigue in menopausal women.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.1014-1024
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• 2005

Purpose: This study was to exam me the effects of auricular acupuncture on insomnia in Korean elderly. Method: The study design was a triangulation study. Subjects were 40 elderly who were 65 years and over in Seoul, and 10 subjects for a qualitive study who were saturated with interviews and observation. The first auricular acupuncture was applied for three days, and this was applied to subjects on a 5 times series. The quantative data was analyzed by SPSS PC+ and the qualitive data was analyzed by driving of core meaning and abstract concepts using a semi-structural interview and observation. Result: I. The experimental group had higher significant sleep scores than that of the control group (t=32.739, p=.001). 2. The experimental group had higher significant self- satisfaction scores on sleep than that of the control group (t=30.049, p=.001). 3. In the qualitive study, insomnia characteristics before application of auricular acupressure therapy were confirmed by physical dysfunction, recall of past, and psychological dysfunction. Insomnia characteristics after application of auricular acupressure therapy were confirmed by recovery of physical dysfunction, improving recall of past, and recovery of psychological dysfunction. Conclusion: Auricular acupuncture was effective on insomnia in Korean elderly.

• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.229-239
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• 2018

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effects of auricular acupressure on fatigue and depression among patients undergoing chemotherapy for breast cancer. Methods: A nonequivalent control group nonsynchronized design was employed. Data were collected from December 2017 to May 2018, in the cancer center at a hospital located in B city. The experimental group received auricular acupressure four times a day, for 5 days, followed by a 2-day rest period. The control group received routine nursing care. The data were analyzed with independent t-tests, using the SPSS 21.0 program. Results: The level of fatigue and depression was lower in the experimental group as compared to that in the control group(t=5.29, p<.001; t=2.21, p=.038, respectively). However, depression scores increased post-intervention in the experimental group, as compared to the pre-intervention scores. Conclusions: The findings confirmed that auricular acupressure decreased fatigue however, depression scores increased post-intervention in the experimental group, as compared to the pre-intervention.

• The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.88-97
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• 2015

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of auricular acupressure therapy on decreasing smoking rates, desire for smoking, and exhaled carbon monoxide in male college students. Methods: The quasi-experimental, nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used in this study. The participants (n=56) were assigned to the experimental group (n=29) that received auricular acupressure therapy or the control group (n=27) that received placebo therapy. The therapy was applied for 5 days followed by 1 or 2 days of rest. The therapy was repeated 2 times. To identify the effect of the experimental treatments, assessments of smoking rates, desire for smoking and exhaled carbon monoxide were measured. Data were analyzed using $x^2$ test, Fisher's exact test, t-test and Repeated measure ANOVA with the SPSS version 21.0 program. Results: The experimental group showed significantly lower smoking rates (t=6.60, p<.001), desire for smoking (t=3.37, p=.002) and exhaled carbon monoxide levels (t=6.22, p<.001) after application of the therapy. Significant group${\times}$time interaction effect was found in exhaled carbon monoxide levels between the experimental group and the control group (F=8.73, p=.001). Conclusion: Auricular acupressure therapy was considered to likely be useful as a therapeutic intervention for smoking cessation in male young adults.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.113-123
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• 2008

Purpose: This study was done to provide support material to traditional nursing interventions through investigation of the effect of Auricular acupressure therapy for female staff in the hospital who have dysmenorrhea but cannot be absent from work even with severe symptoms affecting their work and therefore cannot get proper pain management. Method: The participants in this study were 62 women were working in the G-university hospital in Jin-ju, assigned to experimental (30) and 32 control groups (32). The study method was a quasi-experimental, nonequivalent control group non-synchronized design. The experimental group received acupressure treatment (a pin was attached to tape) on the special stimulation points in the inside of the ear, 5 times for 5 seconds, morning, afternoon, and night. Tape without the pressure pin was applied to the same points for women in the control group to evaluate placebo effect. Data were collected from May to November 2007 and were analyzed using SPSS PC+ 12 version. Descriptive statistics, t-test, $x^2-test$, Fisher's exact test, paired t-test, were used to analyze the data. Results: The experimental group showed a significant decrease in dysmenorrhea compared to the control group (t=-2.743, p<.01). In the sub-part, the experimental group showed menstruation related pain (t=-3.726, p<.01), menstruation related to behavioral change (t=-2.421, p<.05) and symptoms however, there was no significant difference related to attention deficit, water retention, and negative image. Conclusion: Application of auricular acupressure therapy was approved for this study and although auricular acupressure therapy was not effective for all of the symptoms, it was effective for dysmenorrhea.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.79-89
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to determine effects of auricular acupressure on knee pain, range of motion, and sleep in the elderly with knee osteoarthritis. Methods: This is an experimental study designed with randomization and single-blind in a placebo-control approach. The subjects included the elderly with knee osteoarthritis who were using an elderly welfare facility. In each of the groups, 28 subjects were assigned. For the experimental group, auricular acupressure was applied to five pressure points related to the pain caused by osteoarthritis and sleep. In the case of the placebo-control group, auricular acupressure was applied to other five points than the former. The intervention lasted eight weeks. In order to examine intervention effects of auricular acupressure, joint pain, Pressure Pain Thresholds (PPTs), and extension and flexion range of motion (ROM) were measured weekly. As for the preand post-examinations, pain, sleep quality, and the time-by-sleep stage of the patients with knee osteoarthritis were measured. Results: The VAS scores in the experimental group with auricular acupressure significantly decreased through time (p<.001) and WOMAC also significantly decreased (p<.01) compared with the placebo-control group. However, there were no significant differences in PPTs. The flexion (p<.01) and extension (p<.001) ROMs measured for eight weeks improved over time. Meanwhile, sleep quality improved significantly after the intervention termination (p<.01), but there was no significant difference found in the time-by-sleep stage. Conclusion: Auricular acupressure applied for eight weeks was found to be effective in reducing joint pain, improving knee ROM, and improving sleep quality in patients with degenerative knee arthritis.