• Title/Summary/Keyword: 유통지원시설

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The Current Situation and Development Strategies of Fashion Start-up Companies : Focused on Rising Fashion Designers in Busan (패션스타트업 기업의 현황과 발전에 관한 연구 : 부산 패션 신진디자이너를 중심으로)

  • Chang, Ji-Yean;Lee, Jin-Hwa
    • Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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    • v.12 no.2
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    • pp.163-171
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    • 2021
  • The purpose of this study is to examine the current operation condition of fashion start-up companies and the characteristics of their founders in Fashion Creative Studio that is one of government programs supporting fashion start-up of rising fashion designer's brands in Korea and one of supporting facilities. For this purpose, this study surveyed 32 fashion start-up companies founders in Busan Fashion Creative Studio and analyzed the data based on the survey. The results are as follows. First of all, 82% of the founders have experience to start their business in 20s and 60% of founders with not more than 3 to 5 years of work experience related to fashion challenge to start a business. Secondly, major distribution channels of the fashion start-up companies are mainly on-line open-market consisting of 36% and SNS is up to 80% as the main promotion method. In addition, exports to China account for 71% of all exports. Lastly, 33% of businesses consider viral marketing by influencer and 50% of them make plan to export their items to East Asia. It is of research significance that this study can suggest the successful direction of establishing and operating fashion start-up companies through making good use of Fashion Creative Studio, the supporting program including facility.

제주도(濟州道) 연근해어업(沿近海漁業)의 구조개선(構造改善)에 관한 연구(硏究)

  • Jang, Cheol-Ho;Lee, Byeong-Gi
    • Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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    • v.7 no.1
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    • pp.14-30
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    • 1995
  • 한국(韓國)의 연근해어업(沿近海漁業)은 국내외 여건의 변화로 경쟁력(競爭力)을 잃어가고 있다. 따라서 구조개선(構造改善)을 통한 활로개척의 필요성이 강하게 대두되고 있으나, 중앙정부(中央政府) 차원의 어업여건(漁業與件) 개선은 장기간이 소요될 것으로 예상된다. 따라서 지방화시대(地方化時代)를 맞이하여 수산정책(水産政策)도 지방정책(地方政策)에 의한 지역적 특성을 가진 정책으로 발전시켜나갈 필요가 있다. 여기에서는 그런 차원에서 본토(本土)와는 지리적(地理的), 사회적(社會的), 경제적(經濟的)으로 상당히 독립된 특성을 가지고 있는 제주도(濟州道)에 있어서의 연근해어업(沿近海漁業)에 관한 각종 자료를 이용하여 어업의 현황을 분석하고, 나아가 생산성(生産性)을 보다 향상시킬 수 있는 어업구조(漁業構造)의 개선방향(改善方向)에 관하여 연구하였다. 그 연구결과(硏究結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 제주도(濟州道) 연근해어업(沿近海漁業)의 실태(實態) 1) 어업인구(漁業人口)는 계속 감소하고 있으며 부녀자(婦女子) 비율이 뚜렷하게 높다. 2) 어선세력(漁船勢力)은 10톤이하의 소형선(小型船)이 꾸준히 증가되고 있으며, 10~50톤급의 증가률(增加率)도 매우 높다. 3) 어항(漁港)은 107개가 있으나 그중 80%는 비법정(非法定)의 소규모(小規模) 어항(漁港)이었다. 4) 어선어업(漁船漁業)은 연승(延繩) 유자망(流刺網) 채낚기 분기초망어업(焚寄抄網漁業) 등을 중심으로 이루어지고 있다. 5) 생산물(生産物)의 종류는 어류(魚類)가 주축을 이루고 있고, 대부분 고급(高級) 어종(魚種)이며, 가격은 상당히 높다. 6) 어선어업(漁船漁業)의 한어기(閑漁期)에 관광산업(觀光産業)과 연계하여 운영하고 있는 유어어업(遊漁漁業)은 상당히 발전할 소지를 가지 고 있다. 2. 문제점(問題點) 1) 어업인구(漁業人口)는 감소하는 반면 부녀자(婦女子)의 참여율은 높아 어선어업(漁船漁業)에 종사할 인력의 수급이 어려우며, 이것이 조업규모(操業規模)를 지속적으로 확대하지 못하는 요인이 되고 있다. 2) 어항시설(漁港施設)이 미비하여 어선어업(漁船漁業)의 규모를 확대시키기가 곤란하다. 3) 연근해어업(沿近海漁業) 어획물(漁獲物)의 판매를 위한 제도 및 시설이 소비환경(消費環境) 및 기호변화(嗜好變化)에 적절히 대응하지 못하고 있다. 4) 유어어선(遊漁漁船)의 운영기반(運營基盤)이 취약하여 활성화되지 못하고 있다. 5) 어업의 경쟁력 확보를 위한 기술교육(技術敎育) 및 연구(硏究) 지도체제(指導體制)가 취약하다. 3. 구조개선(構造改善)의 방향(方向) 1) 어업인력(漁業人力)의 안정적인 수급(需給)을 위하여 어민(漁民)의 정주환경(定住環境)을 개선하고, 어민후계자(漁民後繼者) 육성사업(育成事業)의 자금지원 수준을 향상시켜야 하며, 수산고등학교(水産高等學校) 졸업자(卒業者)를 수산계대학(水産系大學)에 일정 비율 정원외(定員外) 특예입학(特例入學) 시킴으로써 기술(技術)의 고도화(高度化)와 어촌 정착 동기를 높여 주어야 한다. 2) 어업인력(漁業人力) 감소에 대비하여 어선의 장비를 현대화, 생력화(省力化)하여 적은 인력으로도 운영이 가능하도록 유도하여야 한다. 3) 어업의 경쟁력 확보를 위해 어항시설(漁港施設)을 확충하고, 소비자(消費者)의 기호변화(嗜好變化)에 대응하여 위탁판매(委託販賣) 장소를 중심으로 종합어시장(綜合魚市場)을 개설해야 하며, 이와는 별도로 활어위판장(活魚委販場)을 시설하여 어획물(漁獲物) 부가가치제고(附加價値提高) 및 유통개선(流通改善)을 이루어야 할 것이다. 4) 유어어선(遊漁漁船)의 운영도 편의시설(便宜施設)을 확충하고 인공어장(人工漁場)의 조성을 추진하여 안정적인 부업으로 정착될 수 있도록 하는 노력이 필요하다. 5) 연구(硏究) 지도(指導)의 강화를 위하여 제주도(濟州道)에 소재하고 있는 연구(硏究) 지도기관(指導機關)을 적극적으로 활용함은 물론, 필요하다면 기관을 개편 증설하고, 어업인력(漁業人力)의 질적 향상을 위한 어민교육원(漁民敎育院)의 설립도 검토해 볼 필요가 있다.

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The Study on the Method for Linking Portal Sites and OPAC of University Libraries (검색포털과 대학도서관 소장목록 연계방안에 관한 연구)

  • Cho, Jane;Lee, Ji-Won
    • Journal of Information Management
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    • v.37 no.2
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    • pp.75-92
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    • 2006
  • Information users depend more and more on portal sites for Internet navigation. These circumstances are reflected in academic information market especially. As the path of contacting public knowledge information, many institutions of information creation and services are collaborating with portal sites. At this point in time, it is necessary to consider linking libraries services with portal sites. Especially university libraries which have been recognized as private facilities of each university must to be considered as public facilities of local community. So it is desirable to develop method for linking university library services with portal sites for revitalizing university library services. This paper presents methods linking library OPACs with portal sites, through surveying oversea's cases and situation of domestic portal sites.

Studies on the Main Level-Grading Factors for Establishment of LFQC (Liquid Fertilizer Quality Certification) System of Livestock Manure in Korea (가축분뇨 액비품질인증제도 구축을 위한 목표요소에 관한 연구)

  • Jeon, Sang-Joon;Kim, Soo-Ryang;Kim, Dong-Gyun;Rho, Kyung-Sang;Choi, Dong-Yoon;Lee, Myung-Gyu
    • Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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    • v.18 no.2
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    • pp.111-122
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    • 2012
  • Establishment of the LFQC (Liquid Fertilizer Quality Certification) system is very urgent issue for recycling livestock manure as renewable resources in Korea faced with environmental problem of manure application to land due to intensive livestock farming. In this study, we investigated relevant laws and regulations on livestock manure fertilizer, certifications of eco-friendly agricultural products, government policies on livestock manure management to establish reasonable direction of Korean LFQC (Liquid Fertilizer Quality Certification) system. As a result from this study, the liquid fertilizers in 'LFQC' system could be classified as three levels according to the usage patterns in field; 1st. Individual Farm Level (IFL), 2nd. Joint Farm Level (JFL), and 3rd. Commercial Level (CML). And finally, we found some characteristics in 'Main Level-Grading Factors' of liquid fertilizer such as fertilizing value, harmfulness, stability, uniformity, economic effect, storage potential, commercial value, functionality. Those items were considered to be the key factors for the establishment of 'LFQC' system. More research on 'Evaluation Standards' for concrete guideline and on the 'Main Level-Grading Factors' be needed to complete Korean LFQC system.

Application of ATP Bioluminescence Assay for Measurement of Microbial Contamination in Fresh-cut Produce Processing Lines (신선편이 농식품 생산라인의 환경미생물 오염도 측정을 위한 ATP 검사법의 이용)

  • Choi, Ji-Weon;Lee, Hye-Eun;Kim, Chang-Kug;Kim, Won-Bae;Kim, Ji-Kang
    • Food Science and Preservation
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    • v.19 no.1
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    • pp.62-66
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    • 2012
  • With the rapid growth of fresh-cut produce market, the South Korean fresh-cut industry is facing the challenge of ensuring food safety. As the estimation of the microbial numbers in fresh-cut produce processing lines (tools, and equipment) using the conventional microbiological techniques takes days, so there is a need for faster and easier monitoring methods. This study was conducted to investigate the use of ATP bioluminescence assay to measure the degree of microbial contamination from three actual fresh-cut processing lines. The samples collected from frech-cut vegetables, and fresh-cut fruits processing plants were tested for the estimation of the bacterial number, using the ATP bioluminescence and microbiological methods. The result of former was transferred to log RLU/100 $cm^2$, and that of the latter was transferred to log CFU/100 $cm^2$. A positive linear correlation between the ATP bioluminescence assay value and aerobic-plate count was found for fresh-cut processing lines, with a correlation coefficient of 0.8772 (n=50). The results of this study indicate that ATP bioluminescence assay can be used to monitor microbial contamination in fresh-cut produce processing plants, and can help improve the hygiene therein.

Management Policy and Safety Problem of School Food Services (학교급식 안전 문제와 대책)

  • Ha, Sang-Do
    • Safe Food
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    • v.3 no.1
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    • pp.13-21
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    • 2008
  • 우리나라 학교급식의 현재 성적표를 "양적 성공, 질적 실패"로 평가할 수 있다. 2003년 학교급식이 국가적 교육사업이 되어서 초 중 고 특수학교에서 전면급식이 이루어지고 10,343개교에서 704만명의 학생에게 급식을 제공하고 있다. 현재는 양질의 학교급식을 안전하고 저렴하게 공급하고, 국가식량정책과 연계하여 효율적으로 관리하여야 할 시기이다. 그러나 학교급식 소요경비 연 2조3천억원, 영양사 7,196명 등 63,145명이 종사하는 거대한 산업군이라는 규모에도 불구하고 전체 학교의 70%만이 식당시설을 갖추고 있고 급식 만족도가 학생이나 학부모의 기대에 미치지 못하고 있으며, 식중독 발생의 원흉이 되어 국민적 질책의 대상이 되고 있는 것이 현실이다. 이 문제는 1) 영양사 업무과중에 따른 시간부족, 영양사 지식정보 부족 등에 따른 식재료 및 위생관리 소홀, 2) 냉장, 냉동, 오염/비 오염 구획 등에 필요한 시설과 설비 부족, 3) 교육인적자원부의 급식위생관리의 전문성 부족과 담당 인력 및 정책적, 재정적 지원 부족을 원인으로 볼 수 있다. 학교급식 안전대책은 아래 20대 과제를 추진하여 확보하여야 할 것이다. 전략 1은 "우수한 식재료 위생관리"로서 "급식비 인상 및 현실화, 철저한 수입 농수축산물관리, 식재료 공급 및 전처리업 자유업에서 신고제, 허가제로 전환, GAP(우수농산물관리) 제도 도입, 생산이력제도(traceability) 도입, 급식원료 "품질인증 제도" 도입, 식품원료 전처리 시 세척, 소독프로그램 보급, 학교급식 식자재기준, 규격 설정, 과학적이고 쉬운 검수지침 개발 및 보급, 신속검사키트를 활용한 주기적인 미생물 검사 의무화, 위생 전문가에 의한 검수, 식재료별로 분산된 법령과 관리제도 정비(식품안전기본법), 급식식자재 공급 유통 과정의 감시 감독 강화" 등 13개 과제를 제안한다. 전략 2는 "급식위생 확보 인프라구측"으로서 "급식종사자 전문성 확보(조리/영양/위생), 급식전담기구(학교급식진흥원 /학교급식센터 등) 설치, 급식형태 다양화(위탁/직영 균형 발전), 학교급식법 재개정, 학교급식 HACCF제도 확대" 등 4개 과제를 제안한다. 전략 3은 "급식소 시설 설비 현대화 및 환경개선"으로서 "급식시설 설비 현대화 (전처리실, 냉장고, 온장고 구비 등), 급식소 환경 개선 (상수 사용 확대 및 안전강화, 지하수 소독 강화, 정화된 공기 공급 등)" 등 2개 과제를 제안한다. 전략4는 "급식위생제도 및 관리체계 개선"으로서 "전문적 단일기관 안전관리 (식품안전처)" 과제를 제안한다.

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Field Survey on Pig Slurry Utilization for Crop Cultivation in the Agricultural Farm (양돈분뇨 액비를 이용한 경종농가의 작물재배 실태조사)

  • Choi, D.Y.;Noh, J.S.;Lee, S.C.;Kim, H.N.;Ahn, K.J.;Cho, I.K.
    • Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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    • v.12 no.3
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    • pp.141-150
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    • 2006
  • To optimise the efficient use of nutrients in pig slurry is to cultivate friendly environmental crops. This field survey is to investigate the actual conditions of pig slurry utilization for cultivation of crops in the agricultural farm, based on the survey for 407 selected farms in 9 provinces included 78 counties in Korea. The results obtained in this survey were summarized as follow ; The motive which came to use pig slurry in the agricultural farm were production of friendly environmental crops (29.7%), economy of chemical fertilizer (25.1%), spontaneously (19.2%), inducement of neighboring farmhouse (16.0%), increase of soil fertility (9.3%), and the others (0.7%), respectively. The proportions of pig slurry application land were 56.5% for.ice paddy, 22.6% for dry field, 13.3% for orchard, 4.4% for controlled agriculture and 3.2% for other, respectively. The number of times of pig slurry utilization per year were once (48.9%), twice (31.9%), thrice (14.0%), and the others (5.2%), respectively. The controversial points of pig slurry utilization were malodor (54.1%), insufficiency of spread equipment (22.1%), inconvenience (14.5%), over application (3.4%), over cost (2.9%), heavy metal (1.7%), sanitation (1.0%) and the other (0.2%), respectively. The results indicated that pig slurry could be used as fertilizer source of friendly environmental crops, but further studies are needed to determine the application method and value of the pig slurry for crop cultivation.

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A Study on the Meaning & Classification of Conventional Markets (전통시장 개념 및 분류체계 재정립에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Young-Ki;Kim, Seung-Hee;Lim, Jin
    • Journal of Distribution Science
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    • v.9 no.2
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    • pp.83-95
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    • 2011
  • Conventional markets in Korea have played a pivotal role in the vitalization of local communities and economies along with the distribution of products. Although many people believe the markets to be disorderly, they are lively and provide local people with things to enjoy, watch and buy. However, superstores have undergone a mushrooming proliferation since Korea opened its gates to multinational superstores in 1996. This phenomenon has caused a crisis for Korea's conventional markets. They have lost their competitiveness because of this environmental change, inefficient management, and their outmoded facilities. Government efforts to revitalize the markets have centered on redevelopment of the facilities, a perspective that has caused not only the fall of the old business districts but also the decline of the distribution function. Under these conditions, the traditional market has re-entered into competition. The Korean government enacted a special law to revitalize the conventional markets and has been implementing many policies to support them since 2003. In 2009, the government amended the law and adopted the Business Improvement District System. The government also changed the official term from 'old markets' to 'Conventional markets'. Despite this legal amendment, though, we still need to re-establish the concept of the Conventional market. Historically, markets grew up spontaneously to dispose of surplus products. Some manmade markets were established through urban planning or as public facilities. Their businesses transactions have always been based on mutual trust between consumers and trades people, the traditional way of commercial dealing. Conventional markets can be defined, then, as creatures of societal necessity where transactions for services and products are based on mutual trust. Problematically, unlisted markets are left out of government support. Although unlisted markets have performed almost the same functions as listed markets, they exist only as a statistic as far as the special law is concerned. In some areas, there are more unlisted markets than unlisted ones. Therefore, it is necessary to establish systematic management methods for the unlisted markets. Some unlisted markets received support in the form of facility improvement from local governments' budgets in the early stage of the special law's enforcement. The current government also assists with safety issues involving unlisted markets; however, the current special law provides no legal framework for unlisted markets. Moreover, consumers cannot tell the difference between unlisted markets and listed ones. Finding a solution to this problemrequires new standards and a wider scope of support by which the efficiency of the market improvement support system might be enhanced.

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A Study of the Priority of the Local-Logistics Policy in the Incheon Metropolitan City (인천광역시 지역물류정책의 우선순위에 관한 연구)

  • Roh, Kyoung-Joon;Song, Sang Hwa
    • Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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    • v.32 no.1
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    • pp.59-77
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    • 2016
  • This paper reviews the current local logistics policy of the Incheon Metropolitan City and prioritizes policy agenda based on fuzzy AHP and IPA (Importance Performance Analysis). The analysis recommends that the city needs to keep up the current good works at the policy agenda such as early expansion of the international logistics hub and improvement of the provincial highway network.The policy agenda including the logistics parks, the transport networks and the hinterland activities are evaluated as overkilled agenda. Revitalization of the logistics database, establishment of an integrated business support center, modal shift, and public logistics support were classified as low-priority policy agenda. The policy agenda of urgent concentration includes development of new logistics business and air cargo industry.

A study on the improvement of distribution system by overseas agricultural investment (해외농업투자에 따른 유통체계 개선방안에 관한 연구)

  • Sun, Il-Suck;Lee, Dong-Ok
    • Journal of Distribution Science
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    • v.8 no.3
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    • pp.17-26
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    • 2010
  • Recently concerns have been raised due to the unbalanced supply of crops: the price of crops has been unstable and at one point the price went up so high that the word Agflation(agriculture+ inflation) was coined. Korea, in particular, is a small-sized country and needs to secure the stable supply of crops by investing in the produce importation at a national level. Investment in foreign produce importation is becoming more important as a measure for sufficient supply of crops, limited supply of domestic crops, weakened farming conditions worldwide, as well as recent changes in the use of crops due to the development of bio-fuels, influence of carbon emission on crops, the price increase in crops, and influx of foreign hot money. However, there are many problems with investing in foreign produce importation: lack of support from the government; lack of farming information and technology; difficulty in securing the capital; no immediate pay-off from the investment and insufficient management. Although foreign produce is originally more price-competitive than domestic produce, it loses its competiveness in the process of importation (due to high tariffs) and poor distribution system, which makes it difficult to sell in Korea. Therefore, investment in foreign produce importation is being questioned for feasibility; to make it possible, foreign produce must maintain the price-competitiveness. Especially, harvest of agricultural products depends on natural and geographical conditions of each country and those products have indigenous properties, so distribution system according to import and export of agricultural products should be treated more carefully than that of other industries. Distribution costs are differentiated into each item and include cost of sorting and wrapping, cost of wrapping materials, cost of domestic transport, cost of international transport and cost of clearing customs for import and export. So transporting and storing agricultural products generates considerable costs compared with other products. Also, due to upgrade of dietary life, needs for stability, taste and visible quality toward food including agricultural products are being raised and wrong way of storage causes decomposition of food and loss of freshness, making the storage more difficult than that in room temperature, so storage and transport in distribution of agricultural products needs specialty. In addition, because lack of specialty in distribution and circulation such as storage and wrapping does not solve limit factors in distance, the distribution and circulation has been limited to a form of import and export within short-distant region. Therefore, need for distribution out-sourcing which can satisfy specialty in managing distribution and circulation and it is needed to establish more effective distribution system. However, existing distribution system of agricultural products is exposed to various problems including problems in distribution channel, making distribution and strategy for distribution and those problems are as follows. First, in case of investment in overseas agricultural industry, stable supply of the products is difficult because areas of production are dispersed widely and influenced by outer factors due to including overseas distribution channels. Also, at the aspect of quality, standardization of products is difficult, distribution system is quite complicated and unreasonable due to long distribution channels according to international trade and financial and institutional support is not enough. Especially, there are quite a lot of ineffective factors including multi level distribution process, dramatic gap between production cost and customer's cost, lack of physical distribution facilities and difficulties in storage and transport due to lack of wrapping containers. Besides, because import and export of agricultural products has been manages under the company's own distribution according to transaction contract between manufacturers and exporting company, efficiency is low due to excessive investment in fixed costs and lack of specialty in dealing with agricultural products causes fall of value of products, showing the limit to lose price-competitiveness. Especially, because lack of specialty in distribution and circulation such as storage and wrapping does not solve limit factors in distance, the distribution and circulation has been limited to a form of import and export within short-distant region. Therefore, need for distribution out-sourcing which can satisfy specialty in managing distribution and circulation and it is needed to establish more effective distribution system. Second, among tangible and intangible services which promote the efficiency of the whole distribution, a function building distribution environment which includes distribution information, system for standard and inspection, distribution finance, system for diversification of risks, education and training, distribution administration and tax system is wanted. In general, such a function building distribution environment is difficult to be changed and supplement innovatively because its effect compared with investment does not appear immediately despite of its necessity. Especially, in case of distribution of agricultural products, as a function of collecting and distributing is performed individually through various channels, the importance of distribution information and standardization is getting more focus due to the problem of repetition of work and lack of specialty. Also, efficient management of distribution is quite difficult due to lack of professionals in distribution, so support to professional education is needed. Third, though effort to keep self-sufficiency ratio of staple food, rice is regarded as important at the government level, level of dependency on overseas of others crops is high. Therefore, plan for stable securing food resources aside from staple food is also necessary. Especially, governmental organizations of agricultural products distribution in Korea are production-centered and have unreasonable structure whose function at the aspect of distribution and consumption is quite insufficient. And development of new distribution channels which can deal with changes in distribution environment and they do not achieve actual results of strategy for distribution due to non-positive strategy for price distribution. That is, it implies the possibility that base for supply will become vulnerable because it does not mediate appropriate interests on total distribution channels such as manufacturers, wholesale dealers and vendors by emphasizing consumer protection excessively in the distribution of agricultural products. Therefore, this study examined fundamental concept and actual situation for our investment to overseas agriculture, drew necessities, considerations, problems, etc. of overseas agricultural investment and suggested improvements at the level of distribution for price competitiveness of agricultural products cultivated in overseas under five aspects; government's indirect support, distribution's modernization and distribution information function's strengthening, government's political support for distribution facility, transportation route, load and unloading works' improvement, price competitiveness' securing, professional manpower's cultivation by education and training, etc. Here are some suggestions for foreign produce importation. First, the government should conduct a survey on the current distribution channels and analyze the situation to establish a measure for long-term development plans. By providing each agricultural area with a guideline for planning appropriate production of crops, the government can help farmers be ready for importation, and prevent them from producing same crops all at the same time. Government can sign an MOU with the foreign government and promote the importation so that the development of agricultural resources can be stable and steady. Second, the government can establish a strategy for an effective distribution system by providing farmers and agriculture-related workers with the distribution information such as price, production, demand, market structure and location, feature of each crop, and etc. In order for such distribution system to become feasible, the government needs to reconstruct the current distribution system, designate a public organization for providing distribution information and set the criteria for level of produce quality, trade units, and package units. Third, the government should provide financial support and a policy to seek an efficient distribution channel for foreign produce to be delivered fresh: the government should expand distribution facilities (for selecting, packaging, storing, and processing) and transportation vehicles while modernizing old facilities. There should be another policy to improve the efficiency of unloading, and to lower the cost of distribution. Fourth, it is necessary to enact a new law covering exceptional cases for importing produce in order to maintain the price competitiveness; currently the high tariffs is keeping the imported produce from being distributed domestically. However, the new adjustment should be made carefully within the WTO regulations since it can create a problem from giving preferential tariffs. The government can also simplify the distribution channels in order to reduce the cost in the distribution process. Fifth, the government should educate distributors to raise the efficiency and to modernize the distribution system. It is necessary to develop human resources by educating people regarding the foreign agricultural environment, the produce quality, management skills, and by introducing some successful cases in advanced countries.

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