• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.42 no.5
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• pp.730-735
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• 2013

This study compared the nutritional components (proximate components, fatty acids, amino acids, minerals and vitamins) between genetically modified (GM) drought-tolerant rice and a parental rice cultivar (Ilmibyeo) as a non-GM control. Both GM and non-GM rices were grown and harvested in two different locations, Gunwi and Suweon in Korea. Proximate components (moisture, starch, protein, lipid, and ash contents) were similar between the drought-tolerant GM rice and the conventional non-GM rice. There were no significant differences between the GM and non-GM rice in most of their nutrient compositions, despite minor locational differences of some amino acids and minerals. These results indicate that transgenic rice with a genetically improved resistance to drought is equivalent to the parental rice cultivar without major changes in its chemical contents.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.135-140
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• 2008

In this study, the macromineral content ratios of four herbal medicine samples(Saposhnikoviae Radix, Bupleuri Radix, Cnidii Rhizoma, and Astragali Radix) were analyzed to discriminate their geographical origins using an energydispersive x-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) technique. EDXRF is a rapid, non-destructive, and multi-elemental analysis technique. Initially, samples of both domestic and imported herbal medicines were pulverized, and then their macromineral contents, including P, S, K, and Ca, were analyzed using EDXRF. For the discrimination of their geographical origins, canonical discriminant analysis was carried out based on the estimated macromineral relative content ratios of the samples. According to the results, the discrimination accuracies were as follows: 93.3% for Saposhnikoviae Radix, 95.7% for Bupleuri Radix, 98.8% for Cnidii Rhizoma, and 87.5% for Astragali Radix. Overall, the results imply that this technique could be used as a standard method, to discriminate their geographical origins between domestic and imported herbal medicines.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.459-466
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• 2018

Hazardous and Noxious Substances (HNS) are defined as substances that are likely to create a significant impact on human health and marine ecosystem when they are released into the marine environment. Recently, as the volume of HNS transported by ships increases, the rate of leakage accidents also increases. Therefore, research should be conducted to control and monitor sunken materials from the viewpoint of technology development for hazardous material leakage accident response. In this paper, acoustic detection experiments were carried out using HNS substitute materials in order to confirm the possibility of acoustic detection of sunken HNS on the sediment. The castor oil, which has a similar acoustic impedance with chloroform, is used as a substitute. 200 kHz high frequency signals were used to discriminate the reflected signals and measure reflection loss from the interface between water and castor oil. The reflection loss measured is in good agreement with the modeling results, showing a possibility of acoustic detection for sunken HNS.

• The Journal of the Petrological Society of Korea
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• v.15 no.3 s.45
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• pp.128-138
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• 2006

The west stone pagoda of Gameunssji temple site (National Treasure No. 112) has been damaged mainly by fracture, exfoliation and granular disintegration. In this study, the source area of the rocks using the west stone pagoda was examined in terms of petrological feature, magnetic susceptibility, and ${\gamma}-ray$ spectrometer. The stones include abundant crystal fragments of biotite, quartz and feldspars in the fine-grained matrix; they are petrographically discriminated to vitric-crystal tuff or crystal tuff. Measured magnetic susceptibility values are of from 10 to 20 $({\times}10^{-3}\;SI\;unit)$. From the ${\gamma}-ray$ spectrometer measurement K, eU, and eTh contents of the stones are about 3%, 0 to 8ppm, and 9 to 18 ppm, respectively. These features are used as indicators to presume the source area of the stones. Comparing the petrographical and chemical characteristics between the stones of the west stone pagoda and the country rocks near the Gameunsaji temple site, it is suggested that the most similar country rock to the stones could be dacitic volcanic rocks of the Beomgokri group in the Waeup basin. The Beomgokri group is lithostratigraphically divided into Waeupri tuff, Yongdongri tuff and Beomgokri volcanic rocks. Among the three rocks, the crystal tuff of the Beomgokri volcanic rocks seems likely to have been the source rock of the stones of the west stone pagoda.

• The Journal of the Petrological Society of Korea
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.299-310
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• 2016

The Stele for Buddhist Monk Wonjong at Godalsa Temple Site was destroyed a long time ago. Only the tortoise-shaped pedestal and the ornamental capstone in the form of a hornless dragon remain at the site and the broken stele body is stored at the National Museum of Korea today. The stele is made of two kinds of rocks that are coarse-grained biotite granite for the pedestal and the capstone, and fine-grained biotite granite including hornblende assemblages and feldspar phenocrysts for the stele body. The coarse-grained biotite granite of the pedestal and capstone showed same magnetic susceptibility and lithological characteristics with biotite granite outcrops in Yeoju area, whereas the fine-grained granite of the stele body did not. To find a provenance of the stele body stone, we investigated Korean granites in terms of magnetic susceptibility, lithology and old recordings about construction process of the stele. As a result, Haeju granite is the most likely to be a cognate rock of the stele body stone as it has same texture and lithological characteristics like color, hornblende assemblages, mineral composition and magnetic susceptibility. It is imported from Haeju (North Korea) to South Korea via China commercially, and the most suitable for a replica stone of the stele body.

• Journal of Marine Life Science
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.25-33
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• 2020

The Asan Bay, which has semi-diurnal tide with macro-tidal range, is affected by both freshwater discharge from the sluice gates in the sea dikes and tidal seawater inputs from the Yellow sea. Understanding water quality change in response to tides is important since tides can impact the short-term variations in physical and chemical water properties as well as the response of biological properties. The diel variations in water quality were seasonally investigated at 2 hour intervals from a fixed station in the Asan Bay. In the results, water temperature and salinity consistently fluctuated in phase or out of phase with tidal height. Especially salinity was positively correlated with tidal height. The concentrations of total suspended solids were higher in the bottom water than in the surface and fluctuated greatly over the tidal cycle recording higher values at low tide than at high tide. Nitrite+nitrate levels also fluctuated out of phase with tidal height and correlated negatively with tidal height. Other nutrients also showed a similar pattern. The pattern was distinct in July when freshwater was discharged before the field sampling. The concentrations of organic materials, total nitrogen and total phosphorus greatly fluctuated over the tidal cycle and were generally out of phase with tidal height. Most materials except particulate organic forms were correlated with salinity indicating that freshwater inputs were sources for the materials similarly to the dissolved inorganic nutrients. The results suggest that water quality (except dissolved oxygen and pH) and nutrients including organic materials was largely affected by tides in the Asan Bay.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.250-255
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• 2017

'Hwaweon 7' was developed from a cross between the African upland cultivar, 'Moroberekan' and 'Ilpumbyeo' based on marker-aided backcross selection. The recurrent parent, Ilpumbyeo is a high grain quality cultivar with medium to late maturity. Hwaweon 7 is nearly isogenic to Ilpumbyeo except a small Moroberekan introgressed segment on chromosome 6 harboring genes related with spikelets per panicle and internode diameter. The preliminary and replicated yield trial was conducted at Chungnam National University and Chungcheongnamdo Agricultural Research & Extension (CARES), Yesan in 2010 and 2011. The local adaptability test was carried out by the National Seed Management Office (NSMO) in 2012 and 2013. This cultivar was registered to NSMO with a cultivar designated as "Hwaweon7". This cultivar averaged 80cm in culm length and has a medium growth duration. Milled rice of "Hwaweon7" is translucent and the grain quality traits are comparable to those of the recurrent parent. The average yield potential of Hwaweon 7 in grain was about 6.48 MT/ha at the ordinary fertilizer level for two years about 5.1% higher than that of Ilpumbyeo due to increase in spikelets per panicle. This variety is tolerant to lodging and the tolerance is due to the APO1 gene controlling the base internode diameter on chromosome 6 introgressed from the donor parent, Moroberekan. The Apo1 gene would be useful in enhancing resistance to lodging in rice breeding program.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.620-624
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• 2011

'Hwaweon 4' was developed from a cross between the African upland cultivar, 'Moroberekan' and 'Ilpumbyeo' based on marker-aided backcross selection. The recurrent parent 'Ilpumbyeo' is a high grain quality cultivar with medium to late maturity. 'Hwaweon 4' is nearly isogenic to 'Ilpumbyeo' except a small Moroberekan introgressed segment on chromosome 4 harboring the resistance gene for blast. The preliminary and replicated yield trial was conducted at Chungnam National University in 2006 and 2007. The local adaptability test was carried out by the National Seed Management Office (NSMO) from 2008 to 2009. This cultivar was registered to NSMO with a cultivar designated as 'Hwaweon 4'. This cultivar averaged 76 cm in culm length and has medium growth duration. Milled rice of 'Hwaweon 4' is translucent and the grain quality traits are comparable to those of the recurrent parent. It has low protein content. The yield potential of 'Hwaweon 4' in grain was about 6.31 MT/ha at the ordinary fertilizer level for two years. This variety showed highly resistance reaction at the blast nursery test at four locations and also at the sequential planting method. This resistance is due to the resistance gene designated as Pi45(t) on chromosome 4 introgressed from the donor parent, 'Moroberekan'. The Pi45(t) gene would be useful inenhancing resistance to blast in rice breeding program.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.54 no.6
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• pp.767-785
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• 2021

World-class magnesite deposits are developed in the Dashiqiao mineralized district of the Jiao-Liao-Ji Belt in China. This belt extends to the northern side of the Korean Peninsula and hosts major magnesite deposits in the Dancheon region of North Korea. Magnesite ores from the Pailou deposits in the Dashiqiao district is classified into pure magnetite, chlorite-magnetite, chlorite-talc-magnetite, and dolomite groups depending on the constituent minerals. According to the result of petrographic study, magnesite was formed by the alteration of dolomite, and, talc, chlorite, and apatite were produced as late-stage alteration minerals that replaced the magnesite. Fluid inclusions observed in magnesite are a liquid-type inclusion, with a homogenization temperature of 121-250 ℃ and a salinity of 1.7-22.4 wt% NaCl equiv. The chlorite geothermometer, indicating the temperature of hydrothermal alteration, is 137~293 ℃, slightly higher than the homogenization temperature of fluid inclusions, and the pressure is calculated to be less than 3.2 kb. For magnesite mineralization in the study area, the initially formed-dolomite was subjected to replacement by Mg-rich fluid to form a magnesite ore body, and then it was enriched through regional metamorphism and hydrothermal alteration. It seems that altered minerals such as talc were crystallized by Si and Al-rich late-stage hydrothermal fluids. These results are similar to the genetic environments of the Daeheung deposit, a representative magnesite deposit in North Korea, and it is believed that the two deposits went through a similar geological and ore genetic process of magnesite mineralization.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.83-91
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• 2023

This study investigate growth responses of Chinese cabbage and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) to application of fermented organic fertilizer produced from domestic organic resources for developing alternative materials instead of imported castor oil meal. Two types of fermented fertilizers (Fermented Organic Fertilizer A (OFA) and Fermented Organic Fertilizer B (OFB)) were produced by mixing distillers dried grains 30%, sesame cake 30%, rice bran 20% and fish meal 20% under different fermentation conditions. Treatment consisted of OFA is fermented for 21 days on plastic greenhouse, OFB is fermented for 5 days on 40℃, and MOF (Mixed Organic Fertilizer) is a fertilizer made with castor bean as the main ingredient. OFA, OFB and MOF were applied at the rate of 320 kg N/ha. Chinese cabbages were cultivated from Aug. to Nov. in 2022. Growth and yield of Chinese cabbage were no significant differences among all treatments except control (non-fertilized, NF). However, NUE of Chinese cabbage was higher the fermented fertilizer treatment (OFB: 81.4%, OFA: 79.1%) than the MOF (65.3%). It was observed that urease activity in the fermented fertilizer treatment was significantly higher than the MOF. This result confirmed that fermented fertilizers have similar effect on growth and yield with the MOF and could improve the NUE of crop.